Rise of the Super Bug Essay Example

prematurely stop using antibiotics (Antibiotic Resistance). Society contributes to the problem of antibiotic resistance by increasing the transmission of infections and misusing antibiotics (Lewis). However, it's important to note that less than one percent of bacteria actually cause disease; not all bacteria are harmful (Germs). Nonetheless, even non-pathogenic bacteria can mutate and become immune to antibiotics, which they can then pass on to harmful bacteria through gene exchange (Antibiotic Resistance).

Experts have expressed concerns about the misuse of antibiotics, even though they are necessary for some people. The pressure to prescribe these powerful drugs comes from patients who believe antibiotics will solve their illness. However, most infections are viral and antibiotics do not work. Therefore, it is crucial to trust your doctor's judgment and not insist on antibiotics if they are unnecessary. Antibiotics only target bacteria and do not affect viruses. As a result, they are ineffective against colds, the flu, most coughs and bronchitis, sore throats (except those caused by strep throat), and certain ear infections.

The use of antibiotics is prevalent and frequently overlooked. When a child experiences strep throat or an ear infection, they are typically prescribed pink medicine that effectively resolves their symptoms, leading them to depend on it whenever they feel sick. Similarly, if an adult discovers relief from a sinus headache with antibiotics, they might request the same treatment for any future headaches (Lewis). Nevertheless, it is crucial to remember that each antibiotic targets specific types of infections. Hence, doctors must ascertain which antibiotics will be most efficient in treating particular symptoms (Antibiotics).

When patients stop taking antibiotics before completing the full course, it leads to

the growth of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This results in the infection returning and needing a different antibiotic for treatment (Lewis). To avoid this, it is crucial to strictly adhere to the prescribed dosage and duration of antibiotics as instructed (About Antibiotic Resistance).

Antibiotic resistance can occur in different situations, including animals, which could potentially lead to human illness. Although cooking meat thoroughly helps reduce the risk of consuming bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics, there is still a chance for these bacteria to survive. Some bacteria have shown the ability to remain alive in meat and infect humans even when they are resistant to all drugs except for flourquinolones, a specific type of antibiotic. In 1983, there was a notable case where 18 individuals across four midwestern states contracted multi-drug-resistant salmonella food poisoning after eating beef from cows that had been given antibiotics as part of their feed. Unfortunately, one person died while eleven others had to be hospitalized (Lewis).

According to a study led by Alain Cometta, M.D., and his team, there is a connection between the increase in antibiotic usage among humans and the rise of antibiotic resistance. The researchers focused on cancer patients with low white blood cell count who were given fluoroquinolones as a preventive measure against infection. From 1983 to 1993, the percentage of patients receiving antibiotics increased from 1.4% to 45%. Throughout this time period, E. coli bacteria were regularly isolated from the patients and tested for susceptibility to five types of fluoroquinolones. Between 1991 and 1993, it was discovered that out of the 40 strains tested, eleven had developed resistance to all five types of the antibiotic

(Lewis).

Antibiotic resistance can impact individuals of all ages, including both adults and children. Sadly, on January 24, 2009, Mariana Bridi da Costa, a young and attractive model, died in a tragic manner due to a rapidly spreading infection that caused septic shock and severe tissue damage. In an effort to halt the infection's swift progression, doctors were compelled to amputate her hands and feet. The bacteria responsible for this fatal infection was Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which demonstrated resistance towards antibiotics (Clinton). A comparable case occurred closer to home in Persia, Iowa when Jack Stamp, a family friend, contracted an antibiotic-resistant flesh-eating bacteria. The infection swiftly expanded from his leg to his stomach. Within two days, his body experienced cardiac arrest as it began shutting down. Doctors opted for removing healthy tissue surrounding the affected area instead of relying on medication to control the spread of the bacteria and halt further advancement of the infection. After spending several months in intensive care while enduring multiple tissue grafts and intense rehabilitation sessions,Jack is now on the path towards recovery. It remains unclear where he contracted the bacteria (Stamp). Infections continue posing a threat and claiming lives owing to various complex factors (Lewis).

To prevent infections, it is crucial to thoroughly wash your hands. This should be done after coughing or sneezing, using the bathroom, and before and after preparing food. It is also important to promptly attend to cuts and scrapes by cleaning them and applying neosporin or other antibiotic creams and bandages. Additionally, getting vaccinated against infections and diseases is essential. While many vaccines are given during childhood, adults should also receive routine vaccinations.

If you suspect a bacterial infection, especially if you experience symptoms such as an animal or human bite, difficulty breathing, a fever of 100.4 or higher, periods of rapid heartbeat, a rash (particularly when accompanied by a fever), blurred vision or impaired eyesight, persistent vomiting, or an unusual or severe headache - seek medical attention promptly (Germs).

Scientists state that antibiotic resistance is unavoidable, but there are strategies to decrease its progression. Techniques for decelerating the process include enhancing infection control measures, conducting research and developing novel antibiotics, and utilizing current drugs appropriately. Pharmaceutical companies are now inclined to produce new antibiotics due to the emergence of fresh bacterial illnesses such as Lyme disease and Legionnaire's disease, along with the rise in antibiotic-resistant variations of existing diseases like Tuberculosis (Lewis). Each individual can contribute to slowing down this process by strictly adhering to antibiotic prescriptions and not missing any doses. It is also crucial not to save antibiotics for future illnesses or take someone else's prescribed medication.

Choosing the correct antibiotics is crucial to prevent bacteria from multiplying and delay appropriate treatment. It's important to note that antibiotics are effective against bacterial infections, not viral ones. Consulting with a doctor is recommended to confirm if your illness is caused by bacteria as they are the most qualified individuals for such determination (About Antibiotic Resistance). Experts agree that antibiotics should only be prescribed when necessary for patients with genuine bacterial infections. Hospitals are questioning the routine use of antibiotics as a preventive measure for surgical patients against infections. Antibiotic prophylaxis, which aims to prevent infections, is not limited to hospital settings. Children with recurring

ear infections may be prescribed antibiotics in hopes of preventing future infections (Lewis).

While waiting for the next "Wonder Drug," it is important to appreciate and correctly use the antibiotics we currently have (Lewis). Antibiotic resistance is a significant global medical issue, but every individual can contribute to addressing it.