Examination of Sensory Function, O’Sullivan Ch. 3 Part 2 – Flashcards
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processing of sensory information occurs in
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somatosensory cortex
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sensory screening determines the for
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further examination referral to other health care providers identify the origin identify system-related impairments
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when preparing pt for sensory screenings be sure to
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-fully explain test -instruct pt not to guess -pt is rested and comfortalbe -allow a "trial run" -occlude vision
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dermatomes
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(skin segment) refers to the skin area supplied by one dorsal root
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dermatomes serve as critical references during____ and provide framework for ______.
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sensory testing; documenting results
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patterns of sensory loss can reveal
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potential underlying pathology or degree of impairement
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dermatomes are named according to
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the spinal nerve which supplies them
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How is it that injury to 1 spinal nerve only results in diminished/altered sensation, but not absent sensation?
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there is considerable overlap of innervation between adjacent dermatomes
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dermatomes are useful in neurology for
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finding the site of damage to nerve/spine or cause of lesion
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acromioclavicular joint (dermatome)
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C4
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lateral upper arm (dermatome)
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C5
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lateral forearm and thumb (dermatome)
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C6
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middle finger (dermatome)
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C7
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little finger and ulnar border of hand (dermatome)
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C8
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medial forearm (dermatome)
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T1
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upper anterior thigh (dermatome)
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L2
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anterior knee region (dermatome)
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L3
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medial lower leg (dermatome)
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L4
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fibular head (dermatome)
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L5
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lateral border of foot (dermatome)
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S1
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Medial aspect of posterior thigh (dermatome)
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S2
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hypoesthesia
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decreased sensation
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hyperesthesia
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excessive sensation
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anesthesia
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loss of sensation
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paresthesia
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numbness, tingling, burning sensation
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Pain perception test
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sharp/dull discrimination (indicates function of protective sensation)
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temperature test
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pt responds "hot" or "cold" when stimulus is felt
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touch awareness test
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determines perception of tactile touch input; pt responds "yes" or "now" to slight stimulus
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pressure perception test
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test response to firm pressure (makes indent)
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kinesthesia awareness tests
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awareness of movement; therapist moves joint through small PROM
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proprioceptive awareness tests
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joint position sense and awareness of joints at rest
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vibration perception tests
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128 Hz; examines ability to perceive vibratory stimulus
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stereognosis perception tests
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tactile object recognition
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tactile localization tests
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address the ability to localize touch sensation on skin; ability to identify specific point of application of a touch stimulus
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two-point discrimination test
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determines ability to perceive 2 points applied to skin simultaneously; measures smallest distance between 2 stimuli that can still be perceived as two distinct stimuli
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two-point discrimination is more refined at what location
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the distal upper extremity
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graphesthesia
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test ability to identify numbers, letters, or symbols traced on skin; ability to identify different textures on skin
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learning a motor behavior is dependent on the pt's ability to
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1) take in sensory info 2) process info (sensory integration) 3) use info to plan 4) organize behavior (output)
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impairments in processing sensory intake cause difficulty in
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planning and organizing behavior and interferes with successful motor learning and motor function
