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think of something from waste that will be useful and beneficial to people. The researchers find out that dried sampaguita flowers can use as treatment to eye problems. The objective of this study is to give importance to the national flower of the Philippines.

The researchers want to give realization that even the dried sampaguita flowers can still be useful to people. People must be resourceful to save money and to lessen the waste that our country is having now. The researchers will do this study to help the people to think that waste can be still being useful. Background of the Study Sampaguita Flower (scientific study Jasminum sambac) is a species of the genus jasmine and is widely grown as an ornamental plant. This species is native to southern Asia, India and Sri Lanka. The Sampaguita plant is a semi-climbing, evergreen shrub that reaches to a height of 1-3 meter.

Leaves are simple, ovate and are arranged, either on opposite sides or in whorls of three. Sampaguita flower is white in color and is produced either singly or in clusters of three or more, at times twelve. The flower opens at night and withers within 2 days. Occasionally, purple-black fruits are formed. Sampaguita flower is the national flower of Philippines (adopted in 1937) and Indonesia (adopted in 1990). It is believed that Sampaguita plant was imported to Philippines, from the Himalayan regions, in the 17th century. The constituents of Sampaguita flower are iron, glycosides, tannin, fats, silicon and calcium oxalate.

The sampaguita flower is one of the most popular flowers across the country not only because of its smell, but also

because of its significance in Philippine history. Sampaguita is currently the national send flowers philippines. Although the flower is pantropic, Philippines still considered the flower as one their few native flowers, along with the ylang-ylang and the waling-waling flowers. What made the flower very popular is its scents. Although the flower lacks in appearance, making it inappropriate to sell in the market compared to roses and tulips, the sampaguita is still sold as garlands in the streets of Manila.

Other than sold in the streets, these garlands are also given to tourists, new graduates, and competition winners either as traditional welcome offerings or as honorary symbols for their achievements. The reason why garlands of sampaguita became popular is because of its use as offering to saints, whether in churches or altars at home. Another perfect use of sampaguita is aroma therapy. Sometimes, flowers of sampaguita are collected for its scents. But other than in scents, sampaguita is also used in as ingredient for one of China's most popular teas, the Jasmine tea.

Other than garlands, the sampaguita send flowers philippines were also known for its medicinal properties. In the book Medicinal Plants of the Philippines by Eduardo Quisumbing, it is reported that sampaguita send flowers philippines are being applied as a poultice to the breasts of women to act as a lactifuge. The flowers also yield an essential oil similar to that of jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum). The roots present several uses. They may be used to treat venereal diseases when given fresh, while a tincture made from them is reported to be used as sedative, anaesthetic, and vulnerary.

The leaves are being

used as a lactifuge, applied externally to the breasts. The leaves can also be given internally in decoction for fevers. If boiled in oil, they exude a balsam which is used by the natives to alleviate eye complaints. The dried leaves, on the other hand, are soaked in water and made into a poultice, then applied to indolent ulcers. Statement of the Problem The study aimed to find out the suitability of dried sampaguita in the preparation of Eye drops. Specifically this study sought to answer the following questions.

A.) What is the effectiveness of sampaguita Eye drops compare to usual Eye drops?

a.) Is Sampaguita possible for making eye drops?

b.) What is the effect of dried sampaguita in the preparation of Eye drops?

c.) What will be the benefits of the people if they use this sampaguita Eye drops?

d.) What particular chemical/compound can be obtained in sampaguita that makes it possible as eye drops?

e.) What makes it different from other commercialized eye drops?

Theoretical Framework Hypothesis

The study found out that dried sampaguita flowers is effective to use as an eye drops. The study reveals that sampaguita eye drops is easy to make and can be a quick solution to cure eye problems.

People who will use this will save money because people can make this at their home or it is cheaper than the branded or used eye drops. Scope and Delimitation This study focused on the suitability of dried sampaguita in the preparation of Eye drops. It is also concern on Eye problems, such as sore eyes, and irritated eyes.

The gathered data were used as a basis to find out the significance of the study. It is also concern on the effectiveness of the product without adding any chemical that is same from commercialized eye drops. Due to time constraints exact formulation of eye drops is not given in this research.

Only the possibility of the dried sampaguita as an ingredient in making eye drops. Significance of the Study The study gives the information how the dried sampaguita will use as an eye drops and how this study will help to lessen the waste of the society. The study helps people to have a quick solution to cure eye problems. It might also help to produce a cheaper but effective eye dropper.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are defined for better understanding and clarity of the subject. Alleviates - to make (pain, for example) more bearable: a drug that alleviates cold symptoms.

Anesthetics - is a drug that causes anesthesia—reversible loss of sensation.

Eduardo Quisumbing - Filipino botanist was a noted expert in the medicinal plants of the Philippines. He was author of more than 129 scientific articles.

Eye drops - are saline -containing drops used as a route to administer medication in the eye. Depending on the condition being treated, they may contain steroids, antihistamines, sympathomimetics, beta receptor blockers, parasympathomimetics, parasympatholytics, prostaglandins, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or topical anesthetics.

Eye drops sometimes do not have medications in them and are only lubricating and tear-replacing solutions. Sedative - or tranquilizer is a substance that induces sedation by reducing irritability or excitement. Sore Eyes - medically known

as conjunctivitis, is a highly contagious infection of the eyes, commonly cause by an adenovirus.

Tincture - is an alcoholic extract (e. g. of leaves or other plant material) or solution of a non-volatile substance; (e. g. of iodine, mercurochrome).

Vulnerary - A remedy used in healing or treating wounds.

Any preparation, plant or drug used in the cure of wounds.

Boric acid – is a solutions used as an eye wash or on abraded skin are known to be especially toxic to infants, especially after repeated use because of its slow elimination rate.

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Function of the Review Many studies and literatures were discovered about the different uses of Sampaguita flowers. The benefits of sampaguita flowers to every people were been studied by different people. Here are some studies and literatures that will prove that sampaguita is very useful.

According to these literatures, sampaguita flower is being said as the national flower of the Philippines because of its uses to the people. Sampaguita flowers are also use as a treatment in curing some eye problems. These statements and article from the site of wikianswer. com and buzzle. com caught the interest of the researchers to study and learned more on what the researchers can formulate from sampaguita flowers. From different point of views of foreign people, they confirmed that sampaguita is really valuable for people. "Foreign Related literature"

1. Oil extracted from sampaguita flower is used in cosmetics industry such as perfumes, deodorant, hair colors, hair oil, and body care lotions.

2. Sampaguita flowers are also used as an alternative

medicine. Many people used it for alleviation of ailments such as fever, cough, diarrhea and others

3. Sampaguita root are also used as treatment for snake bite especially for other skin problems. The constituents of Sampaguita flower are iron, glycosides, tannin, fats, silicon and calcium oxalate. There are many uses of Sampaguita flower, some of the common uses are:

4. Oil extracted from Sampaguita flower is used in cosmetics such as perfumes, deodorants, hair oils and other body care lotions.

5. Sampaguita flower due to its fragrance, is used for hair ornamentation in Philippines, India and China.

6. The Sampaguita flower is used as herbal medicine; many people used it for alleviation of ailments such as headaches, fever, cough, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Sampaguita petals are used for preparing herbal tea.

7. Sampaguita roots are ground and used for treatment of cuts and snake bites. The leaves and flowers also contain ingredients for use as antipyretics and decongestants.

8. A garland made from Sampaguita flower is used to welcome guests. I

n many of the countries, Sampaguita is regarded as auspicious and is used in religious ceremonies. From the book of Medicinal Plants of the Philippines, foreign people stated this: “According to Burkhill and Haniff, the root may be used with the leaves to make an eye-lotion. ” This statement supports the study of the researcher to come up in their idea.

From foreign literatures, here is the selected information or facts from local literatures that the researchers gathered from internet and some books, journals or articles they found that helped them to widen their research.

justify;">“Local Related Literature"

1. In our country, sampaguita are use in curing headache especially in Mindanao region.

2. In Philippine sampaguita are used as a fragrant like an air freshener it is use as a garlands.

3. Sampaguita use a medicine for stomach ache, sampaguita has a substance that helps body regulate.

Local literatures and articles spot also the uses of sampaguita to their country and to their people too. It just proves that in every place sampaguita is really beneficial for everyone. After surfing from the internet the researchers got an inspiration from the statement acknowledged from one site; stuartxchange. org (Philippine medicinal plants –sampaguita ) tells “Reddening and swelling pain in the eye, use decoction of dried flowers as eyewash. ” This statement gives thought to the researchers to arise from the idea of making the sampaguita as an eye drops. (Philippine medicinal plants –sampaguita )

“If boiled in oil, it exudes a balsam which maybe used in anointing the head in eye complaints to strengthen the vision. ”- (Quisumbing, 1978 and Agas, 1986). The idea of this statement aware the researchers how they will formulate the eye drops from sampaguita flowers. (From Philippine Technology Journal volume XVII, no. 2 April-June 1992 stated; (Quisumbing, 1978 and Agas, 1986) Different website from internet has the same facts stating how sampaguita used as a medicine. These are the documents posted on the sites that the researchers found out. “The sampaguita flower is one of the most Philippine's most prized species of flowers.

This is because the sampaguita is currently the Philippine's national flower. Other than its part in Philippine

culture and history, the flower is also known as one of the most useful species of flowers used for medicine. Although there are other flowers known for their medicinal properties, such as with the ylang-ylang flower and gumamela, the sampaguita flower Philippine is the only one that has a recorded history of its use in medicine. Sampaguita as Medicine. However, in the Philippines, the flower has been known and recognized for its many uses, particularly for its use in medicine.

The one researcher that studied the flower's use in medicine is Eduardo Quisumbing. Eduardo Quisumbing y Arguelles, a leading authority of plants in the Philippines, is known to have studied the use of the sampaguita flower Philippine in medicine. According to his book, the Medicinal Plants of the Philippines, all parts of the sampaguita flower, from the roots up the flower, is known for many uses in medicine. The book reports that the flower, when applied as a poultice to the breast of women, can act as a lactifuge, or a means to stop the secretion of milk.

The leaves can also be used in many medicinal purposes. Sampaguita leaves is said to be given internally in decoction for fevers. If boiled, the leaves is said to exude a balsam which is used by the natives to alleviate eye complaints. If dried, the leaves are usually soaked in water and made into a poultice, then applied to indolent ulcers. ” (Posted by Samantha Forest. ) Another statement from different site: “Eduardo Quisumbing y Arguelles, a leading authority of plants in the Philippines, it is known, the use of Philippine Sampaguita flower in Medicine

have.

According to his book, Medicinal Plants of the Philippines is all over the Sampaguita flower, from the roots to the flower known for many applications in Medicine. The book says that the flower, if applied as a patch on the breast of women who can act as lactifuge, or a means to stop the secretion of milk. The leaves can also be used in many Medical purposes. Sampaguita leaves are given internally in decoction for fever. When cooked, the leaves said to exude a balm that is used by locals to relieve eye problems. After drying, the leaves are usually soaked in water to a paste, and then applied to indolent ulcers.”

Remove immediately from heat and filter. Use when cool as an eye washes for simple catarrhal conjunctivitis. Use only fresh preparations. ” It gives idea to the researchers how to do their study. (From a project of Volunteers in Asia: PhiliDdne Medicinal Plants in Common Use: Their Phvtocherm strv & Pharmaeology:Michael L. Tan. ) As you see, the subsequent statements have its related idea because one person only wrote it and that is Sir. Eduardo Quisumbing. His knowledge about using the sampaguita in healing eye problems is the foundation of the researchers study.