Early Childhood Education Ch.2 – Flashcards
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What are the two main reasons parents place their children in early childhood programs?
answer
Many parents like the rich learning environment of a high-quality developmentally appropriate early childhood program. Parents who work outside their homes must provide for their children's needs during work hours.
question
What differences exist among the main types of early childhood programs?
answer
Philosophies, ownership, program offerings, size, staff qualifications, hours of operation, the facilities, fees and qualities
question
What is the most common type of childcare in the US?
answer
Private home program
question
Explain this type of program. (private home program)
answer
A type of program where childcare is provided in a private home.
question
What do you most states require these homes to be?
answer
Six children in the home as long as two are under the age of two years old and they don't need a license for the home
question
What type of facility offers full day children's programs?
answer
Full day care and education designed to meet basic nutrition, health and safety needs.
question
What is the focus of most childcare centers?
answer
Social, emotional, cognitive, and physical development
question
What is childcare designed to meet?
answer
Child's physical needs, a safe and healthy environment and meals, health, safety, check for certifications
question
What does the curriculum emphasize?
answer
Primarily on meeting the child's physical needs, a safe healthy environment and meals
question
What are the hours of most childcare centers?
answer
Open early in the morning until six or seven at night, some provide 24 hour services
question
What is custodial care?
answer
This type of care focuses primarily on meeting the child's physical needs, a safe and healthy environment and meals
question
What should the focus be on?
answer
Focus should be on the whole child and include a balance of engaging activities
question
How is brain development fostered?
answer
Brain development is fostered in an environment that offers a variety of learning
question
Who was Maria Montessori?
answer
The first woman in Italy to receive a degree in medicine and be a doctor
question
What does Maria Montessori's theory of education state?
answer
Children learn best by being active in learning rather then being told
question
What did Montessori stress in her first schools?
answer
Proper nutrition, cleanliness, manners and sensory training
question
What was Montessori's primary goal?
answer
Was for children to learn how to learn
question
How is independent stressed in Montessori schools?
answer
By teaching children to care for themselves
question
What are practical life experiences?
answer
Buttoning, zipping, tying, and putting on coats and boots
question
What is the purpose of sensory training?
answer
Helps children learn touch, sound, taste and site discrimination
question
How do Montessori program's teacher letter recognition?
answer
After the teacher introduces a letter, children are encouraged to trace the sandpaper letter with their fingertips.
question
When is reading instruction started?
answer
When I tell demonstrates knowledge of an interest in letters
question
What is the purpose of Headstart?
answer
To overcome the negative effects of poverty on young children. Started in 1960
question
What does Headstart mainly provide?
answer
Child care and education for 4 to 5-year-olds from a low income family
question
What has Headstart more recently added?
answer
Added programs for infants and toddlers
question
What is the curriculum of Headstart designed to meet?
answer
Curriculum designed to meet the needs of each child
question
What is one goal of Headstart?
answer
Build self-esteem that will lead to future success in school
question
Who works together to plan curriculum and teaching children and Headstart?
answer
Stop in the children's family work as a team to plan curriculum and teach children.
question
Why is nutrition a vital part of the Headstart program?
answer
Many children do not receive nutritious meals at home
question
What do you children who attend Headstart receive?
answer
Must be provided at least one snack and one hot meal every day. All children receive a total health plan including: dental, medical, mental health. Many of the children have never visited a dentist
question
How does Headstart be the parent?
answer
Recognize parent as child's first teacher.
question
Who funded the first kindergarten, when, and where?
answer
In 1837, The first kindergarten was opened by Frederick Froebel in Germany.
question
What did the first kindergarten stress? Why?
answer
Stressed play Froebel believe self-development took place through creative activities such as play.
question
When and where was the first American kindergarten opened?
answer
Open to 19 years later in Watertown Wisconsin in 1856
question
What are the three basic scheduling patterns in kindergarten? Explain each one.
answer
1.half-day 2.full day 3.full day/alternating day sessions
question
List the eight objectives of the most kindergarten programs.
answer
1.respect for the contributions, property and rights of other children. 2. Development of positive feelings about school. 3. Development of positive self-concept 4. Growth in language, social, physical, and creative skills. 5.achievement of problem-solving and cognitive skills. 6.development of independence, shown by working alone on a task or developing self help skills. 7. Development of interpersonal skills. 8.appreciation of objects of beauty
question
Explain how kindergarten curriculum may vary from school to school.
answer
Some stress pre-academic skills some focus on more social development.
question
In most kindergarten programs, what is about 50% of the day spent on?
answer
Spent on creative activities
question
What are school age child programs?
answer
Provide childcare for children before and after school
question
How old are the children that attend school age child care programs?
answer
5 to 10 years of age some as old as 12 years old
question
What do you children do in school age child care programs?
answer
Provide assistance with homework and play games and take part in other activities
question
What are checking in services?
answer
Hire workers who called home to check whether the child has arrived safely. This is a good option for older children.
question
Explain what parent cooperatives are?
answer
Are formed and run by parents who wish to take part in their child's preschool experience
question
What are five benefits of parent cooperatives for parents?
answer
1.obtain guidance in their jobs as parents. 2.learn my children are like at different ages and stages. 3.game several free mornings each month. 4.become familiar with creative activities, materials, and equipment. 5.gain a more objective picture of their child's development.
question
What are the advantages of parent cooperatives?
answer
Teachers can devote more time to curriculum and children since parents take care of administrative activities. Special relationships between parents and teachers
question
What is the major disadvantage of a parent cooperative?
answer
Lack of control and teachers part in making rules.
question
How are cost reduced in a parent cooperative?
answer
Bees are less than other programs because they only hire a head start and parents serve as the teachers aides
question
What is the laboratory school, and what is its purpose?
answer
Located on a post secondary or college campus. Purpose is to train future teachers and serve as a study group for research
question
What is the purpose of a high school childcare programs?
answer
Train future child care professionals
question
What is the difference between laboratory school and high school childcare programs?
answer
Laboratory schools train future teachers in college. High school childcare programs train high school students to be ECE professionals and is supervised under a teacher
question
What are three kinds of sponsorships of early childcare centers?
answer
1.public 2.private 3.employer
question
What are publicly sponsored programs?
answer
Are funded by federal, state, or local government. Some funds come through school districts
question
Give one example of a publicly sponsored program.
answer
Headstart
question
What type of center relies on tuition to cover all operating expenses?
answer
Privately sponsored program
question
Who are privately sponsored program sponsored by?
answer
Churches, hospitals, or charitable organizations
question
What is the difference between nonprofit in profit centers?
answer
Nonprofit childcare centers don't seek to make money. Profit childcare centers make money and must have high enrollment to get money
question
What is the motivation of independent owners?
answer
To make a profit
question
What is the national childcare chain?
answer
Managed by a large company
question
What do you chains need to make a profit?
answer
High enrollment
question
Who are the chains managed by?
answer
Churches, hospitals, or charitable organizations
question
What are employer sponsored programs?
answer
Some type of child care assistance provided to employees by their employer
question
Why do you employer-sponsored childcare?
answer
To reduce the conflict between family and work responsibility
question
Name one advantage and one disadvantage of an on-site childcare for employees?
answer
Advantage - on-site childcare parents can spend breaks and lunch with their child. Disadvantage - employees who commute long distances to work may find it difficult to travel with their children
question
When is an off-site childcare center often used by employer sponsored child care?
answer
When several companies form a group to open a childcare together
question
What is the vendor model of company childcare?
answer
Allows company to purchase space in a childcare center or several centers
question
What is the voucher model of company childcare?
answer
Is when parents receive a voucher or coupon worth a certain amount of money for childcare from the company
question
What are the two types of childcare for ill children used by some companies?
answer
A center that provide services for ill children or a nurse sent to the sick child home
question
What do you some companies provide to help parents find childcare?
answer
A referral service helps to match up parent with a center that offers what they're looking for
question
What type of information do referral services provide?
answer
Location, fees, I was about to ration, goals, policies, curriculum, enrollment capacity, staff qualifications, special services, maps showing the location of centers
question
What is the universal pre-kindergarten sponsored by?
answer
the state
question
Who are these programs designed for him what do they provide? (Pre-kindergarten)
answer
3 to 4-year-olds in it provides a literary rich environment
question
How does this help children before they enter kindergarten?
answer
Start kindergarten eager to learn, help children who lack early learning experiences who would normally start school at a disadvantage
question
Why do parents need to take their time in making childcare decisions?
answer
Selecting an early childcare program is one of the most important decisions that parents make. Comfort with the children's care and education can greatly affect the quality of family life.
question
What factors influence family selection of a childcare program?
answer
Type of program, adult to child ratio, conditions of the facility , quality of program, Group size, training and experience of the staff, cost, security and cleanliness of environment
question
What are characteristics of a quality program?
answer
Variety and downs of activities, ample materials equipment and space, small group sizes and more adults, training and experience of staff
question
What do you study show about staff members with early childhood education and experience?
answer
Staff members with early childhood education and experience are more sensitive to children's needs and provide more stimulating developmentally appropriate education.
question
What do you well trained staff members provide for children?
answer
Learning experiences that are meaningful
question
Why should parents avoid using programs with high staff turnover?
answer
May be a sign of low staff wages or poor working conditions and interfere with children's a sense of security.
question
Why are references and background checks of all early childhood providers important?
answer
To keep children safe from abuse and sex offenders
question
Name three ways parents search for childcare options.
answer
Internet, child care referral agencies, friends and relatives
question
What are the first questions parents often ask about programs?
answer
What age groups does the program serve, whether openings exist in their child's age group, hours of operation, fees, and location
question
What does a visit let parents do?
answer
Inspect the environment observe the program and meet the staff. Let the child get comfortable
question
What do you parents often need to do before making a final decision?
answer
They need to make sure it fits their needs and it's what they really want and feel comfortable in their decision
question
Explain what accredited means?
answer
Certifies that a set of standards have been met by a childcare center
question
Who administers a voluntary accredidation system?
answer
NAEYC National Association of early childhood programs
question
Who is the system design for?
answer
Early childhood programs and preschools serving children from birth to age 5
question
What is the purpose of the system?
answer
Improve the quality of programs, assist parents in their search, help us your parents their children are receiving quality care.
question
What must a center due to be eligible for accreditation status?
answer
Conduct a self-study of three steps which takes 4 to 18 months to complete.
question
Explain the three-step process of the self-study.
answer
1.self-study on 10 categories of center operation. 2.validation visit conducted by trained professionals. 3.decisions by a team of experts.
question
What has accreditation improved?
answer
Quality
question
What are the greatest gains for centers?
answer
Curriculum, administration, health and safety
question
What are the two main reasons parents place their children in early childhood programs?
answer
Many parents like the rich learning environment of a high-quality developmentally appropriate early childhood program. Parents who work outside their homes must provide for their children's needs during work hours.
question
What differences exist among the main types of early childhood programs?
answer
Philosophies, ownership, program offerings, size, staff qualifications, hours of operation, the facilities, fees and qualities
question
What is the most common type of childcare in the US?
answer
Private home program
question
Explain this type of program. (private home program)
answer
A type of program where childcare is provided in a private home.
question
What do you most states require these homes to be?
answer
Six children in the home as long as two are under the age of two years old and they don't need a license for the home
question
What type of facility offers full day children's programs?
answer
Full day care and education designed to meet basic nutrition, health and safety needs.
question
What is the focus of most childcare centers?
answer
Social, emotional, cognitive, and physical development
question
What is childcare designed to meet?
answer
Child's physical needs, a safe and healthy environment and meals, health, safety, check for certifications
question
What does the curriculum emphasize?
answer
Primarily on meeting the child's physical needs, a safe healthy environment and meals
question
What are the hours of most childcare centers?
answer
Open early in the morning until six or seven at night, some provide 24 hour services
question
What is custodial care?
answer
This type of care focuses primarily on meeting the child's physical needs, a safe and healthy environment and meals
question
What should the focus be on?
answer
Focus should be on the whole child and include a balance of engaging activities
question
How is brain development fostered?
answer
Brain development is fostered in an environment that offers a variety of learning
question
Who was Maria Montessori?
answer
The first woman in Italy to receive a degree in medicine and be a doctor
question
What does Maria Montessori's theory of education state?
answer
Children learn best by being active in learning rather then being told
question
What did Montessori stress in her first schools?
answer
Proper nutrition, cleanliness, manners and sensory training
question
What was Montessori's primary goal?
answer
Was for children to learn how to learn
question
How is independent stressed in Montessori schools?
answer
By teaching children to care for themselves
question
What are practical life experiences?
answer
But mean, sitting, tying, and putting on coats and boots
question
What is the purpose of sensory training?
answer
Helps children learn touch, sound, taste and site discrimination
question
How do Montessori program's teacher letter recognition?
answer
After the teacher introduces a letter, children are encouraged to trace the sandpaper letter with their fingertips.
question
When is reading instruction started?
answer
When I tell demonstrates knowledge of an interest in letters
question
What is the purpose of Headstart?
answer
To overcome the negative effects of poverty on young children. Started in 1960
question
What does Headstart mainly provide?
answer
Child care and education for 4 to 5-year-olds from a low income family
question
What has Headstart more recently added?
answer
Added programs for infants and toddlers
question
What is the curriculum of Headstart designed to meet?
answer
Curriculum designed to meet the needs of each child
question
What is one goal of Headstart?
answer
Build self-esteem that will lead to future success in school
question
Who works together to plan curriculum and teaching children and Headstart?
answer
Stop in the children's family work as a team to plan curriculum and teach children.
question
Why is nutrition a vital part of the Headstart program?
answer
Many children do not receive nutritious meals at home
question
What do you children who attend Headstart receive?
answer
Must be provided at least one snack and one hot meal every day. All children receive a total health plan including: dental, medical, mental health. Many of the children have never visited a dentist
question
How does Headstart be the parent?
answer
Recognize parent as child's first teacher.
question
Who funded the first kindergarten, when, and where?
answer
In 1837, The first kindergarten was opened by Frederick Froebel in Germany.
question
What did the first kindergarten stress? Why?
answer
Stressed play Froebel believe self-development took place through creative activities such as play.
question
When and where was the first American kindergarten opened?
answer
Open to 19 years later in Watertown Wisconsin in 1856
question
What are the three basic scheduling patterns in kindergarten? Explain each one.
answer
1.half-day 2.full day 3.full day/alternating day sessions
question
List the eight objectives of the most kindergarten programs.
answer
1.respect for the contributions, property and rights of other children. 2. Development of positive feelings about school. 3. Development of positive self-concept 4. Growth in language, social, physical, and creative skills. 5.achievement of problem-solving and cognitive skills. 6.development of independence, shown by working alone on a task or developing self help skills. 7. Development of interpersonal skills. 8.appreciation of objects of beauty
question
Explain how kindergarten curriculum may vary from school to school.
answer
Some stress pre-academic skills some focus on more social development.
question
In most kindergarten programs, what is about 50% of the day spent on?
answer
Spent on creative activities
question
What are school age child programs?
answer
Provide childcare for children before and after school
question
How old are the children that attend school age child care programs?
answer
5 to 10 years of age some as old as 12 years old
question
What do you children do in school age child care programs?
answer
Provide assistance with homework and play games and take part in other activities
question
What are checking in services?
answer
Hire workers who called home to check whether the child has arrived safely. This is a good option for older children.
question
Explain what parent cooperatives are?
answer
Are formed and run by parents who wish to take part in their child's preschool experience
question
What are five benefits of parent cooperatives for parents?
answer
1.obtain guidance in their jobs as parents. 2.learn my children are like at different ages and stages. 3.game several free mornings each month. 4.become familiar with creative activities, materials, and equipment. 5.gain a more objective picture of their child's development.
question
What are the advantages of parent cooperatives?
answer
Teachers can devote more time to curriculum and children since parents take care of administrative activities. Special relationships between parents and teachers
question
What is the major disadvantage of a parent cooperative?
answer
Lack of control and teachers part in making rules.
question
How are cost reduced in a parent cooperative?
answer
Bees are less than other programs because they only hire a head start and parents serve as the teachers aides
question
What is the laboratory school, and what is its purpose?
answer
Located on a post secondary or college campus. Purpose is to train future teachers and serve as a study group for research
question
What is the purpose of a high school childcare programs?
answer
Train future child care professionals
question
What is the difference between laboratory school and high school childcare programs?
answer
Laboratory schools train future teachers in college. High school childcare programs train high school students to be ECE professionals and is supervised under a teacher
question
What are three kinds of sponsorships of early childcare centers?
answer
1.public 2.private 3.employer
question
What are publicly sponsored programs?
answer
Are funded by federal, state, or local government. Some funds come through school districts
question
Give one example of a publicly sponsored program.
answer
Headstart
question
What type of center relies on tuition to cover all operating expenses?
answer
Privately sponsored program
question
Who are privately sponsored program sponsored by?
answer
Churches, hospitals, or charitable organizations
question
What is the difference between nonprofit in profit centers?
answer
Nonprofit childcare centers don't seek to make money. Profit childcare centers make money and must have high enrollment to get money
question
What is the motivation of independent owners?
answer
To make a profit
question
What is the national childcare chain?
answer
Managed by a large company
question
What do you chains need to make a profit?
answer
High enrollment
question
Who are the chains managed by?
answer
Churches, hospitals, or charitable organizations
question
What are employer sponsored programs?
answer
Some type of child care assistance provided to employees by their employer
question
Why do you employer-sponsored childcare?
answer
To reduce the conflict between family and work responsibility
question
Name one advantage and one disadvantage of an on-site childcare for employees?
answer
Advantage - on-site childcare parents can spend breaks and lunch with their child. Disadvantage - employees who commute long distances to work may find it difficult to travel with their children
question
When is an off-site childcare center often used by employer sponsored child care?
answer
When several companies form a group to open a childcare together
question
What is the vendor model of company childcare?
answer
Allows company to purchase space in a childcare center or several centers
question
What is the voucher model of company childcare?
answer
Is when parents receive a voucher or coupon worth a certain amount of money for childcare from the company
question
What are the two types of childcare for ill children used by some companies?
answer
A center that provide services for ill children or a nurse sent to the sick child home
question
What do you some companies provide to help parents find childcare?
answer
A referral service helps to match up parent with a center that offers what they're looking for
question
What type of information do referral services provide?
answer
Location, fees, I was about to ration, goals, policies, curriculum, enrollment capacity, staff qualifications, special services, maps showing the location of centers
question
What is the universal pre-kindergarten sponsored by?
answer
the state
question
Who are these programs designed for him what do they provide? (Pre-kindergarten)
answer
3 to 4-year-olds in it provides a literary rich environment
question
How does this help children before they enter kindergarten?
answer
Start kindergarten eager to learn, help children who lack early learning experiences who would normally start school at a disadvantage
question
Why do parents need to take their time in making childcare decisions?
answer
Selecting an early childcare program is one of the most important decisions that parents make. Comfort with the children's care and education can greatly affect the quality of family life.
question
What factors influence family selection of a childcare program?
answer
Type of program, adult to child ratio, conditions of the facility , quality of program, Group size, training and experience of the staff, cost, security and cleanliness of environment
question
What are characteristics of a quality program?
answer
Variety and downs of activities, ample materials equipment and space, small group sizes and more adults, training and experience of staff
question
What do you study show about staff members with early childhood education and experience?
answer
Staff members with early childhood education and experience are more sensitive to children's needs and provide more stimulating developmentally appropriate education.
question
What do you well trained staff members provide for children?
answer
Learning experiences that are meaningful
question
Why should parents avoid using programs with high staff turnover?
answer
May be a sign of low staff wages or poor working conditions and interfere with children's a sense of security.
question
Why are references and background checks of all early childhood providers important?
answer
To keep children safe from abuse and sex offenders
question
Name three ways parents search for childcare options.
answer
Internet, child care referral agencies, friends and relatives
question
What are the first questions parents often ask about programs?
answer
What age groups does the program serve, whether openings exist in their child's age group, hours of operation, fees, and location
question
What does a visit let parents do?
answer
Inspect the environment observe the program and meet the staff. Let the child get comfortable
question
What do you parents often need to do before making a final decision?
answer
They need to make sure it fits their needs and it's what they really want and feel comfortable in their decision
question
Explain what accredited means?
answer
Certifies that a set of standards have been met by a childcare center
question
Who administers a voluntary accredidation system?
answer
NAEYC National Association for the education of young children
question
Who is the system design for?
answer
Early childhood programs and preschools serving children from birth to age 5
question
What is the purpose of the system?
answer
Improve the quality of programs, assist parents in their search, help us your parents their children are receiving quality care.
question
What must a center due to be eligible for accreditation status?
answer
Conduct a self-study of three steps which takes 4 to 18 months to complete.
question
Explain the three-step process of the self-study.
answer
1.self-study on 10 categories of center operation. 2.validation visit conducted by trained professionals. 3.decisions by a team of experts.
question
What has accreditation improved?
answer
Quality
question
What are the greatest gains for centers?
answer
Curriculum, administration, health and safety
