Devil In A White City notes – Flashcards
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what kind of novel is Devil In A White City?
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literary nonfiction novel
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what year was the Chicago World's Fair built in?
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1893
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the Chicago World's Fair is AKA ....
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the worlds columbian exposition
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why was the World's Fair/Columbian Exposition designed?
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to remember Columbus arriving in America
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The first 3 parts of the novel take place in __
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Chicago 1890-1893
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The 4th part of the book is in __
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Philadelphia 1895
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the architect who built the 1893 Chicago World's Fair
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Burnham
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serial killer who uses the fair to find his victims
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Holmes
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What was Holmes first career?
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teacher
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who is Burnham's partner
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Root
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Chicago wins the Bid for the Worlds Exposition in__
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1890
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burn ham encounters many obstacles that threaten his success of the fair at each stage of construction. what were some of these obstacles?
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economic decline late arriving equipment construction injuries/deaths union strikes competition (eiffel tower)
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__ dies early on and Burnham continues by himself
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Root
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What solution do Burnham and his crew come up with to "outshine" the Eiffel Tower?
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ferris wheel
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once the fair opens (in 1893), what does Burnham still need to work on? deos he face and complete these challenges successfully?
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finishing the ferris wheel boosting attendance the fairs profit yes
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how does the closing of the fair bring tragedy?
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mayor of Chicago (Carter Henry Harrison) was assassinated
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Holmes comes to Chicago in __ in search to be a __.
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1886 doctor
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Holmes buys a pharmacy in Englewood, why here?
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its close to the future fair grounds (which are in Jackson Park)
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After buying the pharmacy, what next does Holmes buy?
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the lot across the street form his pharmacy
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what does Holmes build on the lot across from his pharmacy?
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a building suitable for his killing and disposing of the bodies
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what do the top two floors of Homes building have?
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apartments with secret passage ways and hallways and chutes that lead to the basement for disposing dead bodies
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what does the first floor of Holmes building serve as?
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a pharmacy and illegal activites
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Once Jackson Park is officially announces as the the Worlds Fair fairgrounds, Holmes turns his building into __
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the Worlds Fair Hotel
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what were some of Holmes illegal acts (besides murder)
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fraud, marrying many women, never pays off debt
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On the verge of being discovered for his crimes, Holmes does what?
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flees Chicago and travels from place to place until he is arrested
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what was he finally arrested for and where?
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insurance fraud in Philadelphia
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who investigates Holmes illegal activities and uncovers more murders across the country
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Detective Frank Geyer
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who is the protagonist/talented architect who is given the task of building the Chicago World's Fair and who's partner is Root in Burnham plot?
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Burnham
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out of burnham and root, which of the two is more of the businessman and public relations expert?
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Burnham
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besides the lack of a formal education, he is motivated, determined, and tackles the task of building the Worlds fair
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Burnham
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the Chicago Worlds Fair will improve what in Chicago?
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the global reputation of the city
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Who's the true architectural genius behind Root and Burnhams duo?
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Root
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suffers illness and dies before the fair begins construction
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Root
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distinguished landscape architect who Burnham and Root hire for creation of the fair, takes pride in his work, contributes a lot to burnham success with the fair despite the fact that he suffered from illness, depression, and a heaavy work load outside of the fair
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Olmsted
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psychopathic doctor, pharmacist, serial killer from New Hampshire, who comes to Chicago just before the construction of the fair
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Holmes
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the book begins aboard the ___ in April of 1912.
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RMS Olympic
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What is significant about the day the books starts on ?
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it is the day the titanic sank (which was the sister ship of the RMS olympic)
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who is aboard the Olympic that day?
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Burnham and his family
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While on the ship Burnham flashes back to __
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the 1893 Chicago Worlds Fair
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setting of the book:
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Chicago in the 1800's
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in the 1800's Chicago had undergone a frequency of deaths caused by ...
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disease fires accidents murder
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chicago in the 1800s is portrayed through
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people/tourists nightclubs single women death brothels
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what three places besides Chicago have also put in bids to host the Worlds Fair?
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New york St. Luis and Washington
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if Chicago wins the vote to host the Worlds Fair, what 2 characters have already been assigned the task to construct it?
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Burnham and Root
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what age does Burnham move to cHICAGO?
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9
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he studies to get into yale or harvard but what happens?
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he fails both tests
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Burnhams father convinces him to finally go back into __ and then he and root build their firm together
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architecture
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Burnham and Root designed the first__. which was called___
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skyscraper the Montauk
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why does Burnham move his family of 5 children out of the city to Evanston?
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safety concerns
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__wins the bid to host the worlds fair
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chicago
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where does the crowd wait for the annunciation of the hostess of the worlds fair
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outside the tribune
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the previous owner of Holmes new pharmacy does what after Holmes becomes owner
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mysteriously disappears (Holmes makes up a story about her visiting out-of-state relatives to tell those who wonder where she is)
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6 months after Chicago wins the bid, the exposition company ask Burnham to do what?
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scope out sites
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Burnham sends his friends, Ellsworth, to Miane to see for 68 yr old and sickly __ to help him site search
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Olmsted
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Burn hams friend makes olmsted an offer. does olmstead accept or decline.
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decline
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Olmsted eventually agrees to __
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be a part of creating the fair
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Olmsted and his friend, Henry Codman, meet Burnham in Chicago to __
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scope out sites for the fair
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an Irish immigrant, whose father died when he was 13, and he is passionately interested in politics
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Patrick Pendergast
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Pendergast becomes a fan of ___, a chicago mayor candidate
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Carter Henry Harrison
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what is threatening the fair greatly before it has even been built?
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economy
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Burnham is official named _____ of the fair.
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chief of construction
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After being named chief of construction, Burnham officially hires___and ___
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root and olmsted
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Holmes travels to minnesota to meet ___, a beautiful woman he had met on a prior trip there.
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Myrta
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What does Myrta agree to do?
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marry Holmes
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Holmes brings Myrta back to __ after agreeing to marry him.
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Chicago
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Why does Myrta grow jealous with Holmes?
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the attention he gets from female customers
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Eventually, Myrta moves in with ___, who came to Illinois.
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her parents
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Holmes and Myrtas child is named __
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Lucy
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What is Holmes excuse for not visiting Myrta and lucy more often?
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work
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When Holmes decides to buy the lot across the street from him pharmacy to concoct his secret plan, he refuses to ___
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hire an architect-in fear of his plan being revealed
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After his new building is complete, what does holmes do with the old pharmacy?
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sells it
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___ is named the site of the fair in November
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Jackson Park
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After the site of the fair is announced, what does holmes do?
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plans his next building project
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After Burnhams design for the fair is approved, he does what?
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builds living quarters for himself at Jackson Park
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Burnham and Root decide to contact 5 of the most accomplished __ in america.
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architects
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None of the architects that Burnham and Root contacted were from___
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from chicago
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The architect from ___, Henry Van Brunt, responds to the invitation
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Kansas City
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In december of 1890, Burnham travels to NY to meet with a group of ___ to try to convince them to join the team creating the fair
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architects
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Why does Burnham wish Root and Olmsted were with him while swaying the architects to work with them?
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because of the architects intimidating background and education
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Who is the only architect that has officially joined them after the meeting in NY?
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Peabody
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When Burnham returns home from the NY meeting, what kind of state is chicago in?
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angry
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why are the people in chicago angry with burnham and root?
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they are bringing in outsiders to create he fair
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After hearing the reason for the crowds angriness, burnham an root quickly decide to bring in....
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5 firms form chicago
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Homes begins construction on a ___
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hotel for the worlds fair
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again, holmes designs the building ___
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himself
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Holmes, in debt as it it, convinces Myrtas uncle to __
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loan him money
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what does myrtas uncle think he is giving holmes the money for? whats the money really for?
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a house for holmes and myrta Holmes new building project
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what does holmes do to get a second loan?
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forges Myrtas uncles signature
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Holmes new feature designed for his new building is a __
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kiln
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At this time, 2 new __ have come into Homes life.
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women
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The ___ architects, accompanied by Olmsted, travel to chicago (1891)
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East Coast
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__ takes the east cost architects to look at the sit of the fair.
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burnham
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are the east coast architects impressed or unimpressed with the fairs site?
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unimpressed
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The ___family move into Homes hotel.
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Conner
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Why do the Conners move into Holmes building?
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so Ned Conner(husband/father) can run the jewelry counter at the pharmacy
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who moves into the building after ned and his family?
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Needs sister, Gertie
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Ned grows jealous of Holmes b/c ...
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the attention holmes is giving Ned's wife and daughter
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Holmes asks Ned to help him ___which seems odd to Ned.
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sound proof the vault
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Chicago is described as a city where ppl just __
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disappear
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The ___ architects meet at Burnham and Root's office to resume discussions about the fair despite the Was Cost architects lack of commitment and confidence in the project.
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outside
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Who calls out Burnham for attempting flattery? How does this make burnham feel?
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Hunt (one of the architects) insecure at the fact that he lacks formal education
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__ is absent in this meeting.
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Root
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Dora calls burnham to inform him that __ is sick
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Root
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the architects continue working and burnham ...
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visits root
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Roots condition takes a turn and root __
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dies
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After roots death, burnham considers ____ but doesnt
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quitting the fair
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in February (1891) the architects meet to unveil.....
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plans for the separate buildings
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___ only grows more concerned about his role as landscape architect.
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Olmsted
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Olmsted fears that the architects have done what?
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lost sight of his vision he had created
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Olmstead is also worried about _____
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construction timing
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To express his concerns, Olmsted drafts a ....
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memo outlining his landscape plans for the fair
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instead of olmsted, who are the boats for the fair left up to?
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the committee
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union workers beat up 2 new workers bc they are
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italian immigrants
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The union workers were angry bc the work is
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being hired out to immigrants
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Burnham hires a man named ___ as designer of the fair and in replacement of Root
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Atwood
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___increases nationwide
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crime
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__wants to leave chicago but won't tell Ned why.
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Gertie
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Shortly after Gertie returns home to Iowa she...
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becomes ill and dies
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When ned and his wife, julia, begin to grow apart, what does ned suspect?
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Julian and Holmes are having a secret relationship
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When does Ned's suspicion of Holmes stop?
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When holmes raises ned salary
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Why does holmes raise ned salary?
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so ned can eventually buy the pharmacy
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What does Holmes then try to get ned to do?
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get him to purchase life insurance
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Creditors come knocking on Neds door because...
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Holmes left him the pharmacy in a lot of debt
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Ned __ the store
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abandons
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what eventually happens between ned and his wife
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they split
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Burnham encounters problems with the ___ in Jackson Park
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limit of soil
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Carter Henry Harrison (wins)/(loses) the mayoral election,
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loses
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___ vows to work harder to get Harrison elected
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Prendergast
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Burnham is forced to take time off to ____people coming to chicago to see the fairs development
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wine and dine
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what causes delays in production and frustrates Burnham more?
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burn hams wine and dines and architects failing to turn in sketches on time
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Olmsted becomes __
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ill
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who gets the job of envisioning and creating the midway at the chicago fair?
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Sol Bloom
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Burnham assigns a ___ for the fairs duration
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police force
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Knowing that you can catch diseases from chicagos drinking water, burnham decides to not only purify chicagos water but to __ fresh drinking water at the fair
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sell
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In fear of fire destroying fair grounds, burnham prohibits ___
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smoking, establishing a fire dept, and installing fire hydrants
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Burnham also requested __ resistant buildings
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wind
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Julia tells Holmes she is __
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pregnant
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Under what condition does holmes agree to marry Jolia?
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she must let him give her an abortion
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The abortion is to take place on ___
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christmas eve
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What Homes do to both Julia and her daughter, Pearl, before the abortion?
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makes them both unconscious
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What was Holmes originally going to do with Julias body?
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burn her in the kiln
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What does Holmes do instead of burning Julia in the kiln?
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gets her body stripped of her flesh and sells her skeleton to a medical school
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Despite him having a reputation of treating his workers well, Burnham ___ some workers.
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fires
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the creator of the ferris wheel
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George Ferris
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Holmes marries another woman and her name is __
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Emeline Cigrand
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Who tries warning Cigrand about Holmes?
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Ned
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Workers begin to disrespect and destroy what __ crew has already created
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Olmsted's
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Olmsted diligently works to protect an area he wants to reserve for nature, ___
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Woodland Island
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With his health continuing to decline, __ decides to take some time off and travel to europe with his 2 children
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Olmsted
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What does Olmsted do while in Paris?
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explores what is left of Paris's fair site
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What color does Burnham decide to make all the buildings?
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white
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___ is in October and is a success with well over 100,000 ppl in attendance
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Dedication Day
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__ writes an incomprehensible postcard with no signature to one of chicagos leading defense attorneys, alfred trude
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pendergast
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how many proposals does it take to get the committee to agree to let Ferris design the structure to outshine the eiffel tower?
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3
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who does emeline cigar go visit to give her a present?
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mrs. lawrence
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where doe emeline tell lawrence that she will be going over the holidays?
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home to lafayette, indiana
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After not seeing emeline again, mrs lawrence asks holmes if he knows where his former personal secretaries whereabouts might be. Where does holmes say that emeline has gone?
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to get married
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Why is Lawrence suspicious of Holmes information about Emeline's whereabouts?
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bc they were good friends and she had never mentioned getting married to someone
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Lawrence is convinced that Holmes __ emeline
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killed
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What does homes do to emeline's body?
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has her de-skinned from the waist up and shipped off to get her body processed and skeleton sold to science
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what is on Homes vault?
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a womans footprint
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despite the cold, ___ beings working on his wheel facing many construction challenges along the way
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Ferris
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After his assistant, Codman's, death, ___ falls ill again.
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Olmsted
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Due to his sickness, Olmsted, returns home and send another assistant, _____, to Chicago to continue working on the fair.
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Ulrich
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How does Olmsted feel about ulrich?
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doesn't trust him or his insight
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What does holmes open next?
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alcoholic treatment center
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Holmes wants to focus on getting he hotel ready for the fair; however, why does he begin to worry that he may need to leave Chicago?
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people are wondering where julia, pearl, and emeline are
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who is Holmes former lover that moves to chicago and agrees to work for him there?
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Minnie Williams
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After holmes and minnie get married, what does holmes ask her to do?
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sign her inherited fortune to him
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What is keeping ppl of chicago employed at this time?
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the fair
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Who wins the mayoral election?
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Harrison
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Why does pendergast think it is a good idea to stay a strong supporter of Harrison?
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Harrison might offer him a position
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Why does holmes invite minnie's sister, anna, to chicago?
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to win her trust
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why does holmes think anna doesn't trust him?
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he got minnie o sign her inheritance to him
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More people have been __and __in the contraction of the fair.
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Killed and injured
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___are starting to go on strike.
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carpenters
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___ decides to go back to chicago and is impressed when he gets there with the progress of the fair.
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olmsted
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The carpenters and now other union workers are angry and fighting for ____
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minimum wage
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when is the opening day for the fair?
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may 1, 1893
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Olmsted's depression is worse by the __
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rain
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attendance of the fair on opening day registers between __ and ___
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500,000 and 600,000
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How many people arrive on the second day?
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only 10,000
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by the end of the month is burnham satisfied or unsatisfied with fair attendance?
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very unsatisfied.attendance is not near close enough for the fair to profit
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Holmes frequently denies __ access into his hotel claiming that there are no vacancies and leaving more rooms available for young women
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men's
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Holmes and Minnie move into a ___outside the hotel bc holmes says it will be a better place for them to have children
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flat
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___ writes a postcard to Cooling claiming that he will be his boss in the future
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Pendergast
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what are 3 things that debut at the fair?
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first Zipper, first all-electric kitchen, and juicy fruit gum
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what does burnham order this time to try and boost attendance?
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a fair clean up
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Dora, Roots widow wife, writes Burnham a letter after touring the fair. what does it say?
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explains how impressed she is with the fair and how burnham honored roots vision of the fair
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___ accepts Holmes and Minnie's invitation Chicago and the fair. Once she arrives, her suspicion for Homes vanishes and she admires the way Holmes cares for her sister Minnie.
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Anna
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What else does holmes invite anna to do (and she accepts)?
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stay for the summer
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On june 21, 1893, a ceremony is held for the opening of the ___
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ferris wheel
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Ferris and his family promote ___ of the ferris wheel to ease public fear.
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safety
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how is fair attendance at this point?
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doubled but still no where near expected
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the fair isn't set to close until what month?
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october
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the ferris wheel faces rumors of it being __
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unsafe
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when they return to the flat, what does holmes offer to anna that she can't refuse?
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a trip to europe with he and minnie for anna to check out an art school
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for what event does the fair attendance increase? but afterward plummets back to normal
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july 4th
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how does holmes kill anna?
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takes her to the pharmacy to give her a tour, locks her in the vault, and fills the vault with gas
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holmes sends a letter to the people who rented the flat to holmes and minnie saying ....
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they no longer need the flat
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holmes sends annas body to ....
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his friend that makes skeletons
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what does holmes do with annas belongings?
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gives them to his friends
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a violent Strom comes damaging several of the fair's__and ___
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buildings and exhibits
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what had happened right before the fairs attendance soared to over 100,000 people?
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a fire in one of the storage buildings
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Homes next wife is named __
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Georgiana Yoke
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what does millet continue to do in order for the fairs attendance to increase more?
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pressure railroads to lower their fare
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millet also plans a ___, which after it is held brings the fairs attendance up to over 100,00 people a day
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Ball
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why does pendergast visit the city hall?
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he's concerned as to why he has not been appointed to the corporation counsel under Harrison
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Millet designates what day as Chicago Day?
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October 9th
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what happens to the fair attendance on Chicago Day?
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The fair reaches record attendance (750,000 ppl in one day )
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the record setting attendance of the fair on chicago day brings the fir out of __
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debt
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befroe holmes decides it is a good idea to leave chicago, what two things does he do?
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sets his building on fire and file and insurance claim
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what does the insurance investigator discover about Holmes?
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his history of debt to a lot of people
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when going to meet his lawyer, who does holmes not know is going to be in the meeting as well?
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all of the people he owes
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Pendergast comes to visit Mayor Harrison but is asked to come back later bc the mayor is having dinner with his children. When Pendergast returns, what does he do?
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shoots mayor harrison
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Pendergast turns himself and what does he tell the police is the reason for killing Harrison?
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"he didn't live up to his word."
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Instead of the the ceremony Millet had planned for the fairs Closing Day, the fairs last day serves as a ____, for mayor Harrison
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memorial service
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What is Chicago like after the fair closes?
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fewer jobs are provided, economy shifts, people lose jobs, less consumers
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who is the detective covering Holmes?
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Geyer
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Why is Holmes in the police of Philadelphia's custody?
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faking Howard Pietzel's death, insurance fraud
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Along with faking Pietzels death, he travels with Pretzels ___and ___
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wife and children
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what does holmes do while in prison in philadelphia?
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writes a diary and memoir of his life
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what helps geyer find Pietzels daughters?
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letters
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how did holmes kill alice and nellie pietzel, pietzels daughters?
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put them in a gas chamber he made out of a big trunk
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in holmes memoir, he concocts a story about minnie and a man who murdered children. what was the man in the memoirs name?
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Hatch
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holmes hooks up with a journalist who wants to ....
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wants to publish his memoir
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where does Geyer finally find Pietzels body and proof(witnesses) that holmes was the killer?
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Irvington
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What happens to Pendergast for killing Harrison?
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sentenced to death
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What eventually happens to Holmes?
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sentenced to death
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Holmes arranges to be encased in cement in his coffin in fear of what?
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his body being used for science
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What happens to people connected to Holmes after his death?
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many strange, tragic things happen to them ... -Geyer:falls ill -Emelines father: scalded during explosion of a boiler -An auttourneys building caught on fire and the only thing left undamaged was a photo of Holmes
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Which of Burnhams friends does not survive the titanic accident?
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Millet
