Dermatology Terminology ppt – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
morphology (in regard to dermatology)
answer
term used to describe the form and structure of skin lesions
question
name 6 ways you can describe a lesion
answer
-shape -color -size -borders -configured -distributed
question
when are primary skin lesions present?
answer
present at the onset of a disease
question
when are secondary skin lesions present?
answer
result from changes over time caused by disease progression manipulation (Scratching, picking or rubbing) treatment
question
primary skin lesions
answer
-macule -papule -patch -nodule -tumor -pustule -vesicle -bulla -plaque -wheal -telangiectasia -petechia
question
macule (definition)
answer
circumscribed flat area (<1cm) of discoloration without elevation or depression of surface relative to surrounding skin ("spot")
question
patch (definition)
answer
circumscribed area of discoloration (>1 cm) which is neither elevated or depressed relative to surrounding skin ("large spot")
question
papule (definition)
answer
well-circumscribed, elevated, solid lesion (<1cm). usually dome shaped, ("small bump")
question
nodule (definition)
answer
-a palpable, solid lesion (>1cm), found in the dermal or subcutaneous tissue, and the lesion may be above, level with, or below the skin surface -a nodule extends deeper than a papule ("large bump")
question
tumor (definition)
answer
solid, firm lesions typically >2cm that can be above, level, or beneath the skin surface -unlike plaques, they are solid lesions extending deeper and into the dermis ("largest bump")
question
pustule (definition)
answer
a small (<1cm) circumscribed superficial elevation of the skin that is filled with purulent material ("white head"/pimple)
question
vesicle (Definition)
answer
a small, superficial circumscribed elevation of the skin (<1cm) which contains serous fluid ("little blister")
question
bulla (definition)
answer
a raised circumscribed lesion (>1cm) containing serous fluid above the dermis ("blister")
question
plaque (Definition)
answer
well-circumscribed, elevated, superficial, solid lesion (>1cm) -usually "plateau-like" with a flat top
question
wheal (definition)
answer
transient, circumscribed, elevated papules or plaques, often with erythematous borders and pale centers -these lesions are due to dermal edema and usually resolve or move within 24 hours
question
telangiectasia (definition)
answer
the permanent dilation of small blood vessels, creating small, red markings on the skin and mucous membranes ("capillaries")
question
petechia (Definition)
answer
pinpoint, flat, round spots that appear on the skin as a result of bleeding -bleeding causes petechia to appear red, brown or purple
question
secondary lesions
answer
-lichenification -erosion -ulcers -excoriation -fissures -scaling -crust -atrophy -scar
question
lichenification (definition)
answer
diffuse thickening of the epidermis due to chronic rubbing, resulting accentuation of skin lines
question
erosion (definition)
answer
loss of superficial layers of upper epidermis by wearing away as from friction or pressure -erosions usually do not heal with scars
question
ulcers
answer
complete loss of the epidermis in addition to part of the dermis -they often her with scarring
question
excoriation
answer
skin abrasions, usually superficial, due to scratching of the skin
question
fissure
answer
sharply-defined, linear or wedge-shaped tears in the epidermis with abrupt walls ("linear ulceration")
question
scaling
answer
visible fragments of the stratum corner (light or white flaking) as it shed from the skin
question
crusting
answer
varying colors of liquid debris (serum, pus, or blood) that has dried on the surface of the skin
question
atrophy
answer
thinning or depression of skin due to reduction of underlying tissue (Think: stretch marks)
question
scar (cicatrix)
answer
areas of fibrous or granulation tissue that replace normal tissue after injury
question
terms for shapes/configuration of lesions
answer
-linear -annular -nummular -herpetiform -follicular -morbilliform
question
linear (definition)
answer
in the shape of a line
question
annular (definition)
answer
ring-shaped or semi-annular
question
nummular (definition)
answer
coin shaped
question
herpetiform (definition)
answer
grouped together
question
follicular (definition)
answer
lesions involving the hair follicles
question
morbilliform (definition)
answer
-an eruption resembling measles -macular lesions that are red and are usually 2-10mm in diameter but may be confluent in places
question
terms for distribution of lesions
answer
-localized -generalized -flexural -dermatomal -symmetric -asymmetric
question
localized
answer
limited to certain area(s) of the body
question
generalized
answer
widespread distribution of lesions (no major regions of skin are exempt)
question
flexural
answer
involving skin flexures
question
dermatomal
answer
following lines of skin innervation by cutaneous branches of a single spinal nerve
question
cutaneous horn (definition)
answer
projection that resembles a miniature horn made of keratin -biopsy is often necessary to rule out SCC
question
lichens/lichenoid (definition)
answer
refers to clinical lesions that may resemble the flat-topped polygonal lesions
question
alopecia (definition)
answer
general term to denote hair loss
question
milia (definition)
answer
small white to yellow cysts (1-2mm) with no visual central punch
question
cyst (definition)
answer
elevated, circumscribed area of the skin filled with liquid or semisolid fluid
question
poikiloderma of civatte (definition)
answer
chronic reddish-brown discoloration on the lateral cheeks and neck -lesions are asymptomatic, but occasionally, patient reports mild burning itching, hyperesthesia
question
another term for pimple
answer
pustule
question
another term for hives
answer
urticaria
question
another term for canker sore
answer
aphthous ulcers
question
another term for blisters
answer
bulla
question
another term for broken capillary
answer
telangiectasia
question
another term for scratches
answer
excoriation
question
another term for hickey
answer
purpura
question
another term for stretch marks
answer
striae
question
another term for itchy
answer
pruritus
question
another term for bruise
answer
ecchymosis
question
another term for wart
answer
verruca
question
another term for dry skin
answer
xerosis
question
which skin lesions are raised?
answer
-papule (1cm) -tumor (>2cm) -wheal -scar -plaque
question
which skin lesions are flat?
answer
-macule (1cm)
question
which skin lesions are depressed?
answer
-erosion superficial -ulcer deep -atrophy -striae
question
which skin lesions are fluid filled?
answer
-vesicle (1cm) -pustule -abscess
question
which skin lesions are vascular?
answer
-telangiectasia -petechiae -purpura -ecchymosis
question
another term for freckles
answer
lentigo
question
freckles (lentigo)
answer
sharply defined brown macule uniform in color
question
warts
answer
flesh colored hyperkeratotic papules with several black punctum
question
molluscum
answer
flesh or pink colored papules with central umbillication
question
eczema
answer
erythema, edema, vesiculation and weeping plaques
question
cherry angioma
answer
red dome shaped papule
question
diaper rash
answer
-candidiasis -bright red plaques
question
skin tag
answer
flesh colored papule on a pedunculate stalk
question
melasma
answer
well defined macule or patch with uniform brown color
question
dermatofibroma
answer
firm indurated pink or brown papules that puckers with palpitation
question
seborrheic keratosis
answer
stuck on hyperkeratotic papules and plaques
question
actinic keratosis (pre cancer)
answer
erythemic papules or patches with keratotic yellow or white scale on sun exposed areas
question
hyperkeratosis
answer
abnormal thickening of the outer layer of the skin
question
lentiginous
answer
related to lentigo
question
parakeratosis
answer
benign skin condition -characterized by dry, scaly skin -horn cells that have retained their nuclei and are not keratinized completely -can lead to cracks or issues due to drying of the skin
question
spongiosis
answer
accumulation of fluid between the keratinocytes in the epidermis causing the desmosomes to stretch
question
papillomatosis
answer
a disorder that is characterized by growth of numerous papillomas (warts)
question
accentuated skin lines
answer
lichenification
