Dental Assisting Chapter 20 Key Terms – Flashcards
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Aspirating syringe
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designed to allow the operator to check the position of the needle before depositing the anesthetic solution
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Carpules
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glass containers of anesthetic solution
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Cartridges
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glass containers of anesthetic solution
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Computer-controlled local anesthesia
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used to administer all traditional infiltration and block injections; delivers a pressure and volume of anesthetic solution at a controlled rate
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Conscious sedation
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patient is placed in an altered state of consciousness; pain relievers and sedatives are used to lower pain and discomfort for the patient
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Electronic dental anesthesia
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a method that has low to moderate levels of success but beset used with nitrous oxide inhalation sedation or for a patient that cannot tolerate local anesthetics
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Epinephrine
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the most common vasoconstrictor used in dentistry
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Field block anesthesia
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injection method that places the anesthetic solution near larger terminal nerve branches
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General anesthesia
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anesthesia that renders the patient unconscious
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Infiltration anesthesia
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an injection method that places anesthetic solution into the tissues near the small terminal nerve branches for absorption
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Inhalation sedation
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a general anesthesia used when IV sedation would be difficult to administer; the inhalation causes sleepiness and the patient doesn't remember much of the procedure
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Intramuscular sedation
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an uncommon method when the sedative is injected into muscle in the upper arm or thigh; drug takes 20 to 30 minutes to take effect
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Interosseous anesthesia
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an injection of a local anesthetic directly into the cancellous bone
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Intrapulpal injection
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a technique that deposits the anesthetic directly into the pulpal chamber or root canal of the involved tooth
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Intravenous conscious sedation (IV)
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a very common way to keep patients relaxed, comfortable, and pain-free during dental procedures; sedative drugs are administered through an IV and directly into the patient's bloodstream
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Local anesthesia
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anesthesia that produces a deadened or pain-free area
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Lumen
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the internal opening of the needle where the anesthetic solution flows through
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National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
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the federal agency responsible for conducting research and making recommendations for work related sickness and health; it is part of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC)
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Nerve block anesthesia
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injection of anesthesia near a main nerve trunk
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Nitrous oxide
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odor-free gas derived from nitrogen and oxygen; used as a sedative before anesthesia; relieves anxiety and fear
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Oral sedation
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a commonly prescribed drug is taken by the patient the night before their dental appointment
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Paresthesia
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sensation of being numb
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Periodontal ligament injection
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also known as an intraligamentry injection, has a variety of uses, and involves inserting the needle into the gingival sulcus along the tooth to be treated
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Topic anesthetic
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anesthesia that numbs the area about to be injected with local anesthetic; the patient will not feel the pain of the needle
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Toxic reaction
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symptoms that appear due to overdose or excessive administration of the anesthetic solution
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Vasoconstrictor
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drugs added to anesthetic solutions that constrict blood vessels around the injection site, reducing the blood flow in the area
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Wells, Horace
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(1815-1848) Connecticut dentist who was the first to use nitrous oxide as an anesthetic during dental surgeries
