Cultural Considerations – Flashcards
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What is culture?
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a set of beliefs, values, and assumptions about life that are widely held among a group of people and that are transmitted across generations
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What is race?
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a biological designation whereby group members share features (e.g., skin color, bone structure, genetic traits such as blood groupings
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What is ethnicity?
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Shared feeling of people hood among a group of individuals; a common trait such as heritage, race, culture, language.
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What is the difference between culture vs. Ethnicity?
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Ethnicity individuals share similar cultural patterns such as family structure, beliefs and dietary habits.
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What is a legal immigrant?
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not a citizen but allowed to both live and work in the U.S.
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What is an unauthorized immigrant?
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(undocumented or illegal aliens) may have crossed the border illegally or legal permission expired; eligible only for emergency medical services
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What is a non-immigrant?
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admitted to US for a specific purpose (work, education, diplomats)
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What is a refugee?
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persons seeking asylum
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What are some health issues for immigrants?
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Constraints on provision of health care Language barriers Differences in social, religious, and cultural backgrounds Use of traditional healing or folk health care practices Providers may lack knowledge about high-risk diseases in the specific immigrant groups.
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What makes delivering nursing care in a culturally diverse community setting/home different than the acute care setting?
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Health related beliefs/practices Diet/nutrition Religious rituals/death and dying beliefs Use of Complementary/Alternative Therapy (CAM) Family dynamics
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What inhibits developing cultural competence?
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egocentrism, stereotyping, cultural imposition, prejudice/racism, cultural conflict, culture shock
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What is stereotyping?
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Ascribing certain beliefs and behaviors about a given racial and ethnic group to an individual without assessing for individual differences
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What is prejudice?
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emotional manifestations of deeply held beliefs (stereotypes) about a group
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What is racism?
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form of prejudice; judging others as inferior
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What is egocentrism?
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The belief that one's own cultural group determines the standards that another group's behavior is judged
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What is cultural imposition?
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Imposing your own cultural beliefs, values, practices on individuals from another culture
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What is cultural conflict?
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Arises when we are unable to respond appropriately to another individual's cultural practice because of unfamiliarity with the practice
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What is culture shock?
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Uncomfortable feelings experienced when trying to understand or adapt to cultural group whose beliefs and values are radically different from our own
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What is cultural competence?
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A combination of culturally congruent behaviors, practice attitudes, and polices that allow nurses to work effectively in cross-cultural situations
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What are the four principles of cultural competence?
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Care is designed for the specific client Care is based on the uniqueness of the person's culture and includes cultural norms and values Care includes self-empowerment strategies to facilitate client decision making to health behavior Care is provided with sensitivity and is based on the cultural uniqueness of clients
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How do you become culturally aware?
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Know your biases, prejudices and ethnocentric tendencies
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What is cultural knowledge?
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know cultural features of your community)
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What are cultural skills?
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Use of appropriate eye contact, space, touch, family structure, environmental control, time
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How to have a competent cultural encounter?
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Incorporate skills with Interactions-communicate using appropriate language/literacy & being open to learning from client
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What is cultural desire?
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Feeling the moral and ethical responsibility and desire to provide culturally competent care
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What are the dimensions of cultural competence?
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Cultural preservation- Mixing biomedicine with Cultural practices Cultural Accommodation- Support cultural practices that are not harmful Cultural Repatterning- Repattern only harmful practices Cultural Brokering- Negotiating/compromising/ advocating to ensure clients receive culturally appropriate care
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Example of cultural accommodation?
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Home burial of Placenta
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Example of cultural brokering?
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The nurse arranges a meeting with migrant farmers @ 4am to discuss health promotion
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Example of cultural preservation?
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Respecting an adult clients use of acupuncture/cupping/coining/moxibustion in combination with traditional practices
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Example of cultural repatterning?
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The nurse explores ways to lower sodium content when a Greek client with CHF (requiring a low sodium diet) eats too much salty feta cheese and olives, requiring frequent hospitalizations for pulmonary edema
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Cultural assessment considerations?
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Space, time, environmental influences, verbal/nonverbal communication, social organization, biological variations
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Examples of nonverbal communications?
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Touch Eye contact Written materials
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What is important for a nurse to consider with culture and socioeconomic status?
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Nurses should be able to distinguish between culture and socioeconomic issues and not misinterpret behavior as having a cultural origin, when in fact it should be attributed to socioeconomics.
