question

What are the 10 great public health achievements in the us from 1900-1999?

answer

vaccinations, motor vehicle safety, safer workplaces, control of infectious diseases, decrease in coronary heart disease and stroke deaths, safer and healthier foods, healthier mothers and babies, fluoridation of drinking water, recognition of tobacco as a health hazard.

question

What are social determinants of health?

answer

social conditions in which people live & work

question

What are health care disparities?

answer

gaps in healthcare experienced by one population compared to another.

question

What is the role of government in health care?

answer

Assess health care problems. Developing relevant health care policies that provide access to services. Ensure that services are delivered and outcomes are achieved.

question

Who said, "it is cheaper to promote health than to maintain people in sickness?

answer

Florence Nightingale

question

What is the goal of the patient protection and affordable care act?

answer

The goal of the PPACA (obama 2010) is to provide affordable health insurance coverage and to improve access to primary care. and lower costs.

question

What were 3 major changes in health care in the 21st century?

answer

development of patient centered care. increased use of technology. increased personal responsibility for health.

question

What are the 4 models of health?

answer

clinical model. role performance model. adaptive model. eudaimonistic model.

question

clinical model def.

answer

elimination of disease or symptoms

question

role performance model def.

answer

health that involves a fit b/w ppl and social roles

question

adaptive model def.

answer

health that involves adaptation to the environment

question

eudaimonistic model def.

answer

health that is the actualization or realization of human potential

question

behavior models

answer

motivational interviewing. behavior change models. learning model. health belief model.

question

motivational interviewing def

answer

patient centered communication styles for eliciting behavior change by helping patients/ groups explore and resolve ambivalence to change

question

behavior change model def

answer

models that assist patients, groups and communities to direct activities toward health and wellness

question

Learning model def

answer

a behavior change model emphasizing reinforcement of social competence problem solving autonomy and sense of purpose

question

Health belief model

answer

a behavior change model that considers the severity of the potential illness or physically challenge, the level of conceivable susceptibility the benefits of taking preventative action and the challenges that may be faced in taking action toward the goal of health promotion

question

ontogenic system

answer

personal factors

question

microsystem

answer

relationship b/w women and their environment

question

exosystem

answer

formal and informal social structures

question

macroculture

answer

values and beliefs of culture

question

social determinants of health

answer

social conditions in which people live and work

question

what is one of the core functions of the role of government in health care?

answer

assess health care problems

question

community based nursing

answer

minor acute and chronic care that is comprehensive and coordinated where people work, live or attend school; illness care provided outside the acute care setting

question

community health nursing

answer

use of systematic processes to deliver care to individuals families and community groups with a focus on promoting preserving protecting and maintaining health

question

public health nursing

answer

population based practice defined as a sythesis of nursing and public health within the context of preventing disease and disability and promoting and protecting the health of the entire community

question

shattuck report

answer

provided the 1st systematic use of birth and death records and demographic data to describe the health

question

lemuel shattuck

answer

recommended establishment of state health

question

dorothea dix

answer

prison and mental health

question

clara barton

answer

red cross/ civil war

question

lillian wald

answer

founder of public health nursing. henry st settlement.

question

mary breckinridge

answer

frontier of nursing service 1925 needs of health in the mountain region. founded midwifery program

question

philanthropic organization

answer

an organizations that used endowed funds or private fundraising to address the needs of individuals, families, and populations

question

nongovernmental organizations

answer

agency that acquires resources to help others from private(vs. public) sources

question

philanthropic organization

answer

an organization that used endowed funds or private fundraising to address the needs of individuals, families, and populations

question

TRUE or FALSE: the united states has found the most efficient and effective ways to care for all by decreasing health disparities and giving access to care equality

answer

FALSE: despite the economic strength of the united states and other industrialized nations, many countries have found more efficient and effective ways to care for all by decreasing health disparities and giving access to care equality

question

Definition of health

answer

a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

question

what are the 8 millennium developmental goals

answer

1. eradicate extreme poverty & hunger 2. achieve universal primary education 3. promote gender equality & empower women 4. reduce child mortality 5. improve maternal health 6. HIV/AIDS and malaria 7. ensure environmental sustainability 8. development.

question

TRUE or FALSE: Health worker migration increases the burden to care for a society and results in the need to task shift primarily to primary care providers and community health workers.

answer

FALSE: health worker migration increases the burden to care for a society and results in the need to task shift primarily to nurses and community health workers.

question

Health

answer

a quality an ability to adapt to change or a resource to help cope with challenges and processes of daily living

question

well-being

answer

a subjective perception of full functional ability as human beings

question

what are modifiable risk factors

answer

susceptibility to disease or injury that can be controlled by individual people, families or communities.

question

Primary prevention

answer

maximizing health and wellness through strategies that are set in place before illness or injury is present

question

secondary prevention

answer

maximizing health and wellness through strategies that are set in place at the early and active chronic stages of parthenogenesis of illness and injury (mass screening, selective screening)

question

Tertiary prevention

answer

maximizing health and wellness through strategies that are set in place at the palliation and end stage of disease and injury trajectories.

question

epidemiology

answer

study of the distribution and determinants of states of health and illness in human populations used both as a research methodology used to study states of health and illness and as a body of knowledge that results from the study of a specific state of health for or illness

question

epidemic

answer

an outbreak that occurs when there is an increased incidence of a diseases beyond that which is normally found in the population

question

rates

answer

the primary measurement used to describe either the occurrence or or the existence of a specific state of health or illness

question

who is perhaps the best known epidemiologist of the 19th century

answer

john snow

question

epidemiological triad

answer

host, agent, and environment

question

wheel of causation

answer

emphasizing the interplay of physical biological and social environments

question

The who defines health as

answer

complete physical mental and social well being

question

during which time period was public health first seen as a gov. responsibility

answer

the roman era

question

what is the major force behind the movement toward home care, hospice care, outpatient tx clinics and outpatient surgeries

answer

cost containment

question

when was the first state board of health formed in the us?

answer

1869-north carolina

question

what was the leading cause of death in the US in 1900?

answer

major cardiovascular-renal disease

question

what are the only two major industrialized nations without some form of universal insurance coverage?

answer

US and south Africa

question

what was established by 1960 amendments to the social security act of 1935

answer

medicare and medicaid

question

which of the following is a strategy to contain the cost of health care

answer

focusing on prevention of illness rather than on treatment

question

what was the first federal program to provide health care for citizens other than federal employees

answer

medicare

question

what decade in the twentieth century saw the most sweeping federal legislation enacted

answer

1960

question

which of the following is an example of a public health prevention policy?

answer

higher cigarette taxes

question

edward jenner

answer

smallpox 1790

question

louis paster

answer

1822-1895 pasteurization started as a wine experiment

question

joseph lister

answer

antiseptic solution

question

robert koch

answer

anthrax and cholera

question

john snow

answer

first epidemiologist linked cholera rates with water street pump golden square in london

question

isabel hampton

answer

1890s helped found ANA

question

Margaret Sanger

answer

1910s birth control

question

Lillian Wald

answer

henry street settlement public health nursing

question

Clara Barton

answer

civil war nurse leader, US red cross founder

question

population

answer

group of people who have at least one thing in common and who may or may not interact w/ one another

question

types of health care systems

answer

private (BC/BS) public (medicare, medicaid), military (VA/Tricare)

question

Role of nurse in managed care

answer

benefits interpreter, client advocate/educator, triage nurse, utilization/ resource reviewer, risk manager, provider liaison, primary care provider, case/care manager.

Community and Public Health Nursing Review Test 1 – Flashcards

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