COM 101 WRITTEN FINAL CHAPTER 1 – Flashcards
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a verbal or nonverbal symbol for an idea or image that an audience can recognize
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code
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a one-sentence summary of a speech
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central idea
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an environment or situation in which a speech occurs
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context
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the visual and auditory means by which a message is transmitter from sender to receiver
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channel
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to translate verbal or nonverbal symbols into ideas and images that constitute a message
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decode
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the delivery of an already famous speech
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declamation
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the capacity to influence and potentially lead, gained in party by speaking with competence and confidence
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empowerment
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physical sounds that interfere with communication
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external noise
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to translate ideas and images into verbal or nonverbal symbols that an audience can recognize
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encode
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the expression of emotion through posture, movement, gestures, facial expression, and voice
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elocution
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verbal and nonverbal responses provided by an audience to a speaker
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feedback
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the overarching goal of a speech to inform, to persuade, or to entertain
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general purpose
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anything physiological or psychological that interferes with communication
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internal noise
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the key points of a speech; subdivisions of the central idea
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main ideas
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the content of a speech plus the way in which it is said
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message
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the process of presenting a message to an audience
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public speaking
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the use of words and symbols to achieve a goal
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rhetoric
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the process of using a method or standards to evaluate the effectiveness and appropriateness of messages
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rhetorical criticism
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a listener or an audience member
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receiver
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the key focus of the content of a speech
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speech topic
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a concise statement of what you want your listeners to know, feel, or be able to do when you finish speaking
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specific purpose
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the public speaker
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source
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Anil plans to let his audience members know the four things they should do to get a better grade on the ACT. By doing this, he has identified the ________ of his speech.
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main ideas
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Audience analysis should take place
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throughout the entire speech making process
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Rather than create their own speeches, the students in Ms. Reynold's speech class recite famous speeches to practice their technique. The class is using the art of
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declamation
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The process of presenting a message to an audience, regardless of the size of the audience, is known as
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public speaking
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While Michael feels comfortable using slang with his co-workers, he would never use it in a presentation to the directors. Which aspect of conversation versus public speaking does this represent?
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public speaking is more formal than conversation
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The primary objective of most class lectures and corporate seminars is to
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inform
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A speaker should establish eye contact with the audience
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as often as possible
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The environment in which a speech occurs is known as the
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context
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The _________ model focuses on communication as a simultaneous process.
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transactive
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For Miao's outline, she needs to further subdivide her supporting points. She should identify these by using
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Arabic numerals
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Which of the following speakers is being influenced by a physiological noise? a) Marcus knew it was hard for his audience to concentrate on his speech because of the incessant crying of the baby in the back of the room. b) Karen has a bad cold and the medicine she took to alleviate her symptoms has clouded her memory. c) Marsha is more worried about her upcoming physics exam than the speech she is giving and is distracted during most of her talk. d) Carl has to speak loudly so the audience can hear him over the loud hum of the air conditioning unit.
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b) Karen has a bad cold and the medicine she took to alleviate her symptoms has clouded her memory.
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Monique plans to keep her presentation simple and informal to match her audience's needs. Her choice is what makes up the ________ of her speech.
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style
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Carla has decided that by the time she is done with her presentation she wants her audience to replace all of their fruits and vegetables with organic varieties. With this, she has created a
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specific purpose
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The interactive model of communication added which two elements to the linear formula?
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feedback & context
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_________ is anything that interferes with the transference of a message.
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noise
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According to the text, the best way to rehearse a speech is
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aloud, as if you were giving the actual speech.
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Public speaking is more ____ than conversation
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prepared
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Another name for the circular model of communication is the _________ model.
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interactive
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The purpose of an after-dinner speech that makes light of the evening's activities is to
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entertain
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Nadia needed to be in the main conference room at the library at 10:00 a.m. to present her speech. These details are part of the ________ of her speech.
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context
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Most public speaking teachers recommend that you prepare your introduction and conclusion
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after you have organized the body.
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__________ is the expression of emotions through posture, gestures, facial expression and voice.
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Elocution
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A speaker who is dealing with a headache is facing _______ noise.
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internal
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Carolyn's specific purpose is "At the end of my speech, the audience will want to visit the counseling facilities on campus." The purpose of her speech is to
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persuade
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By sharing a story of your own experiences with the audience, you create supporting material that is
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personal
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Which of the following words best describes a speech that is designed to inform? a) entertain b) define c) reinforce d) change
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define
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What is shown to be the number one skill that both an entry-level employee and a corporate leader should have in order to succeed in the workplace?
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verbal communication skills
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The ________ model of communication is represented by a simple transfer of meaning from a sender to a receiver.
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linear
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In medieval Europe, ________ were the most polished public speakers and people would gather to listen to them.
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clergy