College Anatomy & Physiology: Chapter 7 – Bones of the Skull
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What are the divisions of the skeleton?
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-Axial -Appendicular
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What is the axial skeleton?
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It's the bony and cartilaginous parts of the skeleton that support and/ or protect the neck, head, and trunk.
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What does the axial skeleton include?
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-Skull -Hyoid Bone -Vertebral Column -Thoracic Cage
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How many bones are there in the skull?
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22
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What does the skull do?
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Protect the brain
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How many bones are there in the cranium?
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8
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How many bones are there in the face?
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13
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How many bones are there in the mandible?
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1
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How many bones does the middle ears have?
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6
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How many bones are there in the hyoid bone?
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1
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What are the functions of the facial bones?
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-Framework of the face -Contain cavities for special sense organs -Provide openings for air and food passage -Secure teeth -Anchor facial muscle (Communication)
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What kind of joints connect bones of the skull except the mandible?
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Suture (Immovable joints)
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Which bones protect the brain?
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Cranium
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What are the bones of the cranium?
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-Frontal -Parietal -Occipital -Temporal -Sphenoid -Ethmoid
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How many bones roof the eye orbits?
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7
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What bones roof the eye orbits?
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-Frontal -Zygomatic -Maxilla -Sphenoid -Palatine -Lacrimal -Ethmoid
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How many sinuses does the frontal bone have?
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2
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What is the supraorbital foramina?
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Nerve and blood vessel openings
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What bone fuses at the frontal suture in the fetus?
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Frontal bone
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What does the frontal bone form with the parietal bones?
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Coronal suture
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What bone is at the lateral and superior aspects of the cranium?
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Parietal bone
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Where does the parietal bone fuse?
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Mid-sagittal suture
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What bone does the parietal bone fuse with anteriorly to form the coronal suture?
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Frontal bone
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Where does the parietal bone fuse with temporals inferiorly?
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Squamosals
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What does the parietal bone form when it's fused posteriorly with the occipital bone?
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Lambdoidal Suture
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Where is the occipital bone?
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Posterior of the skull
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What does the occipital bone form when it's fused with the parietal bone?
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Lambdoidal Suture
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What does the occipital bone contain specially for the spinal cord?
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Foramen Magnum
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How many occipital condyles does the occipital bone have?
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2
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What do the occipital condyles do for the 1st vertebra?
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Articulate it
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What is the hypoglossal canal for?
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The hypoglossal nerve
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Where do the temporal bones fuse when it fuses with the parietal bones?
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Squamosal Suture
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Where are the temporal bones?
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Inferolateral sides of the braincase
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What do the temporal bones have?
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Ear canals
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What are the ear canals called?
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External Auditory Meatus
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What is the Styloid Process?
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The tongue and neck muscle attachment site
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Where is the zygomatic process?
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Anterior towards the cheek
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What is the Mastoid Process?
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The anchor site for the neck muscle
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What does the Mastoid Process contain?
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Air cells
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What is the jugular foramen for?
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The jugular vein
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What is the carotid canal for?
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The carotid artery
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What bone looks like a butterfly?
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The Sphenoid Bone
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What does the sphenoid bone articulate with?
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All cranial bones
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Does the Sphenoid Bone contain sinuses?
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Yes
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What is the Sella Turcica for?
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The Pituitary Gland
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What are the optic canals for?
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Optic nerves
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What bone forms the nasal septum?
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The Ethmoid Bone
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What does the Crista Galli do?
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Attaches meninges
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What does the Cribiform Plate roof?
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The nasal cavity
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Does the Ethmoid Bone contain sinuses?
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Yes
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Does the Ethmoid Bone contain Nasal Conchae?
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Yes, 2. A superior and middle one
