question

Which of the following would NOT be considered an integrative technique or Complementary/Alternative Medicine (CAM) approach?

answer

hypnosis

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When a therapist pursues a line of questioning until a client's beliefs are apparent and open to analysis, it is called

answer

Socratic questioning

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Which of the following is true about psychodynamic psychotherapy?

answer

It is the second most popular approach to therapy among faculty at accredited graduate programs.

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The self-help movement

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a. has flourished online, and as bibliotherapy. b. has been described as a "massive, systemic, and yet largely silent revolution." c. had its roots in such programs as Alcoholics Anonymous.

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Which of the following is NOT likely to be taught directly in clinical training programs?

answer

how to monitor and regulate one's own internal states

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In community psychology, an ecological perspective refers to

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a. understanding that alleviating individual problems requires changes in environmental settings. b. utilizing individual competencies to effect changes. Correct c. both a and b in conjunction.

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A similarity between Kohut's self-psychology practitioners and the object relations therapists is that they both

answer

attempt to provide remedial nurturing and attachment experiences.

question

Which of the following dimensions are especially important to the therapeutic relationships?

answer

a. the emotional bonds that develop between the therapist and client b. the shared understanding of the task at hand

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It is important for clients to experience some small successes early in the treatment process because

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even small changes help reinforce their confidence in their ability to change.

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When Dr. Jones works with couples in therapy, he focuses directly on helping them change communication patterns, so they express themselves more clearly. He is probably using a

answer

behavioral approach

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In object relations therapy, "object relations" refer to

answer

relationships that develop from the earliest infant-caregiver interactions.

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A primary goal of Gestalt therapy is to

answer

a. help clients become aware of genuine feelings they have disowned. b. recognize the feelings and values that they have borrowed from other people.

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Humanistic approaches to psychotherapy emphasize _________________, while psychodynamic therapies emphasize__________________.

answer

immediate experience; unconscious conflict

question

Research indicates that spirituality

answer

regularly emerges as a resilience or protective factor or asset in the risk and resilience literature.

question

Which of the following would be a likely goal a person-centered therapist would set for his or her client?

answer

none of the above, person-centered therapists don't set goals for their clients

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Which of the following is displaying an adherence to the ethical responsibility of competency?

answer

A therapist who declines to accept a client because he is not well-versed in the client's presenting problem.

question

Which of the following is an example of a competency-related difficulty that a clinician might experience?

answer

A woman who has been seen regularly for outpatient treatment seeks help for her adolescent son who has just been arrested for underage drinking.

question

Relative to psychodynamic approaches, humanistic approaches

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a. were among the earliest at attempting empirical research on the therapeutic endeavor. b. are more likely to be utilized in counseling psychology programs than clinical psychology programs c. are less appealing to practitioners who seek a more active role in therapy.

question

Which of the following behaviors would an REBT therapist be least likely to engage in?

answer

unconditional positive regard

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The placebo effect, where positive expectations lead to an improvement in a client's situation

answer

highlights the role that faith, hope, and expectation for change contribute to therapeutic change.

question

Which of the following individuals is likely to be a more effective therapist?

answer

Susan, who is very self-controlled, but conveys sympathy to her clients.

question

Organized knowledge structures that influence how we process information are called

answer

schemas.

question

Which of the following lists the common mental disorders in order of occurrence in the United States?

answer

anxiety disorders, impulse control disorders, substance abuse disorders

question

Clinicians and bookstore owners would be well-advised to note that

answer

many self-help books are not written by experts, may contradict one another, and may not provide solid, helpful information.

question

Mindfulness

answer

a. is described as "intentionally bringing one's attention to the internal and external experiences occurring in the present moment." b. has been integrated into cognitive-behavioral approaches. c. appears to be a promising approach for some types of clients with certain types of problems.

question

CAM therapies are often utilized

answer

widely in the general population.

question

Which of the following approaches stress pragmatic goals, establishing a therapeutic alliance as quickly as possible, and focusing on a current crisis or problem?

answer

short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy

question

One of the major differences between couples, family, and individual psychotherapy is that

answer

family and couples therapy focus on the disturbed relationships rather than on the individuals involved.

question

Why is it important for a therapist to have good relationship-building skills?

answer

Psychotherapy outcome is strongly affected by the relationship that develops between client and therapist.

question

Albert Ellis developed an influential pioneering cognitive therapy called

answer

rational-emotive behavior therapy.

question

At a minimum, psychotherapy involves

answer

one client and one therapist.

question

_______________________ therapy groups consist of members who are similar in age, sex, and type of problem, while __________________ groups include a mix of client types.

answer

Homogeneous; heterogeneous

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Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to the establishment of a flourishing therapeutic alliance?

answer

the client client and clinician sharing many personal similarities

question

Defense mechanisms

answer

can be at the root of behaviors that cause client distress.

question

Which of the following is not one of the "four horsemen" of professional ethics?

answer

caring coherence

question

The therapeutic approach with families that is based on principles from attachment theory and that allows therapists to work with the parents and children together is called

answer

parent-child interaction therapy.

question

Which of the following is NOT a primary goal of community psychology?

answer

a. help individuals adapt to and cope with their environment b. to understand the broader causes of behavior problems c. carry out primary prevention at the community level Correctd. all of the above are goals of community psychology

question

Therapist self-disclosure

answer

a. can be a helpful tool in establishing a therapeutic alliance. b. must be undertaken carefully so that it is appropriate to the therapeutic situation. c. is appropriate as long as it serves the client's needs.

question

Which of the following would NOT be considered an exposure treatment?

answer

depression

question

The goals and techniques of couples therapy depend

answer

a. on the conflicts that are most pressing for each couple that seeks therapy. b. on the theoretical orientation of the therapist.

question

The atmosphere of the clinical setting should reflect

answer

a. the needs of the client b. a safe and collaborative stance c. a sense of support for the client's work

question

Which client variable is related to treatment outcome?

answer

The client's openness and cooperation

question

Which of the following is true about mental disorders and their treatment?

answer

a. If left untreated, many of the common disorders are likely to recur. b. More serious disorders usually appear at younger ages. c. Treatment utilization rates are relatively low.

question

According to the text, ____________________clinicians recommend quality self-help materials to their clients as a supplement to therapy.

answer

an overwhelming majority of

question

The text makes a clear point that in order to be an asset to the field of clinical psychology, psychotherapy integration must be based on

answer

evidence-based practices and the empirical literature.

question

Which of the following are in the correct order?

answer

assessment, case formulation, treatment planning

question

When an empathic therapist tries to understand what it would be like to be his client, Rogers would say he is using a(n)

answer

internal frame of reference

question

The DSMIV-TR V-codes

answer

a. reflect the development of diagnostic categories for interpersonal conflicts as separate from individual pathologies. b. have resulted from attempts to categorize several conditions that "may be a focus of clinical attention." c. include parent-child relationship problems and partner relationship problems.

question

Cognitive behavioral groups are sometimes known as ___________________groups because they focus on sharing information rather than group process.

answer

psychoeducational

question

One area that graduate programs may not address fully, according to many therapists, is

answer

how to manage their own emotions and use them therapeutically.

question

Behavioral therapists note that some psychological disorders result from clients lacking the ability to form and maintain relationships. Thus, they often include _________________as part of treatment.

answer

social skills training

question

Which of the following are listed in the correct order of occurrence in psychoanalysis?

answer

transference, resistance, interpretation, working through

question

John has been given homework by his therapist that entails writing down events of emotional significance as they occur, along with his automatic cognitions and their intensity. This is called

answer

a three-column thought record.

question

A common, essential feature leading to an individual seeking psychotherapy occurs when

answer

the individual's usual coping strategies cease to provide sufficient support to deal with problems.

question

Chris has been practicing being able to stay present with her children without attempting to terminate the painful or prolonging the pleasant aspects of these encounters. She is practicing

answer

acceptance

question

When therapists set up practice scenarios in which clients are assured of experiencing success they are using

answer

behavioral activation

question

In family therapy, the __________________is very often a young boy with behavioral problems or a girl who is withdrawn and sad.

answer

identified client

question

A Gestalt therapist is likely to be _________________ and _________________that a person-centered therapist.

answer

more directive; more confrontative

question

Both observational learning and vicarious conditioning support the understanding that

answer

behaviors can be learned by simply observing others.

question

Relational psychodynamic psychotherapies

answer

a. stress the importance of early relationships. b. borrow heavily from psychoanalysis, ego-analysis, person-centered, and humanistic approaches. c. are often referred to as "two-person theories."

question

When therapists find themselves in the middle of their client's disagreements, we say they have become

answer

triangulated.

question

Clinical intervention

answer

a. can be defined as a clinician attempting to change a client's behavior in a positive direction. b. can refer to a professional trying to modify a client's emotional reactions or social circumstances in a desirable direction. c. can take a variety of forms, including psychotherapy.

question

Cognitions may include all but which of the following?

answer

free-floating anxiety

question

A common technique for developing insight is

answer

interpretation of a client's behavior to foster an understanding of errors of the past.

question

According to the text, e-health interventions

answer

will likely continue to grow, in spite of concerns about their ethical application.

question

When two situations are similar enough that they generate the same response,

answer

a. stimulus generalization has occurred. b. the person has not discriminated between the two situations.

question

Marilyn has been diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. Which form of cognitive-behavior therapy is likely to be recommended for her?

answer

dialectical behavior therapy

question

The more current terminology for what in the past was referred to as "secondary prevention" is

answer

selective mental health prevention.

question

The reason cognitive-behavioral approaches to therapy continue to be popular in training programs is

answer

a. the techniques are straightforward and problem-oriented. b. as a relatively "scripted" approach, it is easier for clinicians to learn than some other approaches. c. there is solid data about the efficacy of this treatment approach for a variety of disorders.

question

The primary goal of behavior therapists is

answer

to help the client modify maladaptive overt behaviors.

question

Relapse prevention treatment is based on the cognitive-behavior principles of

answer

a. replacing risky cognitions with more adaptive ones. b. reframing relapse episode as a setback, not as an excuse to resume maladaptive behavior. c. developing better self-control strategies.

question

Which of the following is NOT a component of functional analysis?

answer

observations

question

Which of the following is true about treatment utilization in the United States?

answer

Many individuals go without treatment in any given year.

question

What was a significant characteristic of Alfred Adler's approach to psychotherapy?

answer

a. Adler focused on exploring and altering maladaptive lifestyles. b. Adler used homework and modeling as ways to help clients become aware of their lifestyle. c. Adler focused more on the social and relational aspects of psychopathology and less on intrapsychic conflicts.

question

Which of the following would NOT be considered an exposure treatment?

answer

a. extinction b. flooding c. response prevention

question

After a trip to New York City, a client shares a dream in which she fell off the Empire State Building. In analyzing this dream, the Empire State Building would be considered the ______________ and the falling off would be the __________________.

answer

manifest content; latent content

question

Which of the following techniques are likely to be included in rational-emotive behavior therapy?

answer

a. role-playing. b. sensory-awareness exercises. c. desensitization.

question

Which of the following would NOT support the cognitive specificity hypothesis?

answer

Normal and abnormal behaviors are triggered by cognitive interpretation of events, rather than by the events themselves.

question

Which of the following are sources of unconscious material that psychoanalysts utilize?

answer

a. free association material b. slips of the tongue, body language c. accidents, memory lapses, humor

question

A strong and stable therapeutic relationship, which has been found to help make therapy effective across many approaches, would be considered

answer

a "common factor."

question

Which of the following is NOT an essential proposition of the psychoanalytic approach?

answer

Most learning is observational.

question

The goal of prevention

answer

has been fully integrated into the field of clinical psychology.

question

The therapeutic approach developed in Europe following the World Wars than helps clients explore fully what it means to be alive is called

answer

existential psychotherapy.

question

Which of the following statements would NOT be supported by a humanistic therapist?

answer

The therapeutic relationship is not very important because growth towards potential is inevitable.

question

Individuals tend to pay much more attention to information that supports their beliefs than that which refutes them. This is called the

answer

attributional bias.

question

The theorist and therapist who deserves the most credit for our understanding of the importance of the therapeutic alliance was

answer

Carl Rogers

question

____________________ is the process of bringing maladaptive patterns of relating into the therapy, whereby typical patterns of relationships are re-enacted with the therapist.

answer

Transference

question

The antianxiety treatment known as systematic desensitization utilizes the principle of

answer

reciprocal inhibition

question

Which of the following is NOT a goal of psychoanalysis?

answer

repairing the mother-child rupture

question

If a client with social phobia is encouraged to discuss the most humiliating experience that could occur to her in public, this would be called

answer

catastrophizing.

question

The theorists who sought to use psychoanalytic techniques to understand and explore clients' strengths and adaptive ego functions are collectively called

answer

ego analysts

question

The therapeutic approach that is often used with resistant clients, such as substance abusers, is called

answer

motivational interviewing.

question

Psychotherapy

answer

is the activity by which clinical psychologists are best known.

question

Which of the following would NOT support the cognitive specificity hypothesis?

answer

Normal and abnormal behaviors are triggered by cognitive interpretation of events, rather than by the events themselves.

question

Congruence in person-centered therapy means

answer

the therapist is genuine; his or her feelings and actions are consistent with one another.

question

Two tasks that many clinicians and college professors share are

answer

providing information and giving homework

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