question

One reason common names are not useful to biologists is that they...?

answer

can apply to more than one animal

question

Linnaean classification involves...?

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both large, and small categories of organisms

question

One goal of scientists is to assign every organism a universally accepted name according name according to the system known as

answer

binomial nomenclature

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For many species, there are often regional differences in their

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common names

question

At any level of organization, groups that have biological meaning are referred to as

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taxa

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To be usefull a scientific name has to refer to

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a single species

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According to the rules of binomial nomenclature which of the terms is capitalized?

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The genus name only

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Based on their names, you know that baboons Papio annubis and Papio cynocephalus do NOT belong to the same

answer

species

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How to binomial, or two part names compare with early versions of scientific names?

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they tend to be shorter

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The second part of a scientific name is

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a dscription of a trait or habitat

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Often the second part of a scientific name is

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a description of a trait or habitat

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Systematics is

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The science od naming and grouping organisms

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In Linnaeu's system of classification how many levels are there

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seven

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A genus is composed of a number of similar

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species

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Several different classes make up a

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phylum

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Which are the two highest level taxa in Linnaean system

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phylum and kingdom

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Animals that are warm blooded, have body hair, and produce milk for their young are grouped as the class

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Mammalia

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The only natural taxa in Linnaeus 's system is the

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species

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Traditional classifications tended to take into account primarily

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visible similarities and differences

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In evolutionary classification, a monophyletic group includes one

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species and all its ancestors

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The grouping of organisms based in their common descent is called

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evolutionary classification

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In an evolutionary classification scheme species within one genus should be

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be more closely related to one another that they are to species in other genera

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What kind of analysis focuses on the order in which deriveed characters appeared in organisms

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cladistic analysis

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In biology a trait that arose in an ancestor and is passed along to its desendants is referred to as a

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derived character

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Which of the following is a correct explanation of a derived character

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the presence of hair is a derived character of mammals because all mammals have hair and no animal other than mammals have it.

question

Each node on a cladogram represents

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the last point at which two groups shared a common ancestor

question

what doesa cladogram represent

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the last point at which two groups shared a common ancestor

question

Similar DNA sequences in genes can be evidence of?

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common ancestory

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What do all organisms have in common

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they all use DNA to pass on information

question

What is true about dissimilar organisms such a cow and a yeast?

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Their degree of relatedness can be estimated from their genes

question

which of the following techniques can sientists use to determine how the DNA of several species might indicate the species are related

answer

cladistic analysis

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DNA evidence

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is not reliable as physical characteristics or behaviorrs when used to classify organisms and to determine evolutionary relationships

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What cell structures in eukaryotic cells contain DNA that can be used to determine evolutionary relationships

answer

nuclei and mitochondria

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All organisms in the kingdom Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia are

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eukaryotes

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Which kingdom contains heterotrophs with cell wlls of chitin

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Fungi

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In Linnaeus time all life was divided into which two kingdoms

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animals and plants

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In linnaeus 's time all living thins were grouped into two kingdoma. Later there were five kingdoms, and now sciientists have six kingdoms. What is the main reason for this increase in the number of kingdoms?

answer

As scientists learned more about genetics and biochemistry, some organisms were moved out of existing kinggsoms and into new ones

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Why is the kingdom Protista not valid under evolutionary classification

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Protista contains groups that share closest common ancestors with other groups, rather than with each other

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Organisms in the kingdom Eubacteria and Archabacteria were previously grouped in a kingdom callled

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Monera

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The domain that corresponds to the kingdom Eubacteria is

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Bacteria

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The domain that contains the unicellular organisms that live in extreme enviorments is

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Archae

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The two domains composed of only unicellular organisms are

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Archaea and Bacteria

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The three domain systtem arose when scientists found that Eubacteria and Archaebacteria were more

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dissimilar than scientists thought

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which of the following gymnosperm reproductive structures is haploid

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pollen grains

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Angiosperms produce seeds inside protective sturcutures called

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ovaries

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the specialized reproductive strusture that evloved most recently is

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ovary

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Which of the following correctly related an angiosperm structure and what it develops into

answer

ovary --> fruit

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The number of seed leaves distingushes

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two groups of angiosperms

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Unlike a dicot a monocot has

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parallel leaft veins

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Flowering plants grow faster , flower, produse seeds, and die in one year called

answer

annuals

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Which types of plant lives the longest

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perennial

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A new plant is discovered. This plant has leaves with branched veins, a taproot, and stems mad primarily of cells with thick cell walls, which means its

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a woody plant

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A seed plant is held in the ground by irs

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roots

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Ground tissue is found in a plants

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roots, stems, and leaves

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In most plants hich organ are adapted to capture sunlight for photosynthesis

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leaves

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If some of the xylem of a young oak tree were destroyed, it would most likely interfere with the trees ability

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to conduct water to the leaves

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Unlike tracheids some vessel elements

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form a continuous tube

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Vascular tissue in plants consist of

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xylem and phloem

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the outer covering of a plant consists of

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dermal tissue

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To observe mitosis which of the following should a student examine under a compound microscope

answer

tip of shoot

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which of the following are areas of unspecialized cells in which mitosis produces new cells that are ready for differntation

answer

meristems

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The kayer of cells that enclose the cascular tissue in the centerl egion of a root is the

answer

endodermis

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The root cap is a tough structure that protects the

answer

meristem

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Mineral nutrients from the soil move into roots by

answer

active transport

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Root pressure

answer

is produced in the vascular cylinder by active transport

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One of the three main functions of stems is to

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carry water and nutrients between roots and leaves

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In a plant 's stem the vascular tissue

answer

is continuous from the roots to the leaves

question

Unlike roots, stems

answer

may play a part in photosynthesis

question

Many cacti, such as saguaros and barrel cacti, have large stems and no leaves.What function of leaves is taken on by the stems of such cacti

answer

they produce food by photosynthesis

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During primary growt, a stem

answer

increases in length

question

in dicots secondary growth

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produces bark and wood

question

what might a thin tree ring indicate

answer

a year of drought

question

Which og the following describes the heartwood of a tree

answer

old xylem that is no longer conducting water

question

Oxygen and carbon dioxide move in and out of a leaf through the

answer

stomata

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Most of the photosynthesis in plants takes place in the

answer

mesophyll

question

The flat structure of a leaf blade enable its function as a photosynthetic organ by

answer

exposing a greater surface area to capture energy from the sunlight

question

In many plants stomata are found only on the lower surface of the leaf. The most likely explanation for this is the fact

answer

water loss would be less on the shaded lower surface than in direct sunlight

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The attraction of water molecules to other kinds of molecules is called

answer

adhesion

question

In angiosperms, flowers are adaptations for reproduction. Which of the following does NOT usually describe flowers that are pollinated by animals

answer

they are tiny

question

In angiosperms the ovary surronds seeds in a structure called the...?

answer

fruit

question

Which of the following correctly lists the terms in order from smallest to largest? seed, embryo, fruit

answer

embryo , seed , fruit

question

A seed that is dispersed in an area far away from the parent plant will always face less

answer

competition with parent plants

question

Seeds that are spread by wind and water usually are

answer

lightweight

question

Seeds that are soread by animals usually are contained in

answer

fleshy, nutrious fruits

question

A period off dormancy can allow seeds to germinate

answer

under ideal conditions

question

The plant embryo in a seed begins to grow again during

answer

germination

question

A plant's cotyledons

answer

store nutrients and transfers them to the embryo during germination

question

Which system coordinates the body's response to changes in its internal and external enviornment

answer

nervous system

question

Which system enables you to understand the words you read in a book

answer

nervous system

question

The peripheral nervous system collects information about changes in internal body temperature using...?

answer

nerves and supporting cells

question

What is the function of the centeral nervous system?

answer

to process information and form a response

question

Cells of the nervous system that transmit electrical signals to various organs in the body are called

answer

neurons

question

Neurons are classified by the

answer

direction in which they carry impulses

question

Your alarm clock wakes you up and reminds you to get ready for school. which types of neuron receives the sound of the alarm?

answer

sensory neurons

question

It's 2:00 in the afternoon and you havent eaten anything since breakfast. what part of your brain is telling you that your hungry?

answer

hypothalamus

question

Which receptors respond to a scrapped knee?

answer

pain receptors

question

Which organ does not have tiny pain receptors?

answer

brain

Classification, Plants, and Brain EOC Practice Test – Flashcards

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