civics today citizenship, economics, & you: chapter 7 vocab. – Flashcards
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electoral college
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the body of electors who formally elect the United States president and vice-president
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elector
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person appointed to vote in presidential elections for the major candidates
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executive order
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a rule issued by the president that has the force of law
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pardon
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the act of excusing a mistake or offense
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reprieve
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a warrant granting postponement (usually to postpone the execution of the death sentence)
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amnesty
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a warrant granting release from punishment for an offense
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foreign policy
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actions that a nation takes in relation to other nations
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national security
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the ability to keep the country safe from attack or harm
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treaty
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a written agreement between two states or sovereigns
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executive agreement
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an agreement made between the president and a head of state
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ambassador
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a diplomat of the highest rank
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trade sanction
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an effort to punish another nation by imposing trade barriers
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embargo
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ban on commerce or other activity
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cabinet
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group of officials who head government departments and advise the President
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federal bureaucracy
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everyone who works for the government, including non elected employees
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independent agency
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an agency of the United States government that is created by an act of Congress and is independent of the executive departments
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government corporation
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A government agency that operates like a business corporation, created to secure greater freedom of action and flexibility for a particular program.
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political appointee
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a person appointed to a federal position by the president
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civil service worker
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a person hired into a government position
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civil service system
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the practice of hiring goverment workers on basis of open competitve examinations and merit
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spoils system
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the system of employing and promoting civil servants who are friends and supporters of the group in power
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merit system
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the system of employing and promoting civil servants on the basis of ability
