Childhood Immunizations
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What age are most vaccines givens?
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2 months
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What is MMR?
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measles, mumps, rubella
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How long do vaccines last?
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10 years
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Rubella is also known as what?
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German measles
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Which diseases are caused by coughing, sneezing, etc.?
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measles, mumps, rubella, pertussis, and varicella (chickenpox)
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What are the concerns of the MMR vaccine?
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autism
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What are the symptoms of measles?
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rash that begins at hairline and moves downward on the body
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What are the symptoms of mumps?
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swollen glands and cheeks
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What are the complications of mumps?
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swelling of the testicles and sterility in males
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What are the symptoms of rubella?
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light rash on face
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What are the complications of rubella?
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can cause miscarriage and premature birth in pregnant women
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What is DTaP?
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diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis
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What does the \"a\" stand for in DTaP?
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acellular (newer= less reactions)
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What are the symptoms of diphtheria?
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difficulty swallowing, thick covering over the back of the throat
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What are complications of diphtheria?
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suffocation
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Tetanus is also known as what?
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lock jaw
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Is tetanus contagious?
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no
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What are the symptoms of tetanus?
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severe muscle spasms, including spasms of the mouth and jaw, tightening of muscles
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Pertussis is also known as what?
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whooping cough
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What are the symptoms of pertussis?
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thick, sticky mucus in windpipe and severe coughing
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What is Hib?
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haemophilus influenza type B
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What are the symptoms of Hib?
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flu symptoms
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How does hepatitis B spread?
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contracted through tattooing and body piercing and body fluids
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What are the symptoms of hepatitis B?
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yellow skin and eyes
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What are the complications of hepatitis B?
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cirrhosis
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What are some examples of autism?
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in routines, doesn't like loud noises, very smart in certain subjects
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What two ways can poliomyelitis be given?
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Oral(OPV- live) and injection(IPV- killed/weakened)
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What are the symptoms of poliomyelitis?
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paralysis
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What are the complications of polio?
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deformed or paralyzed legs and arms
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Who invented the polio vaccine?
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Jonas Salk
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How does autism relate to MMR?
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first dose of MMR is given around the age of 1 and autism is discovered around 1
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Does the MMR vaccine cause autism?
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MMR does not cause autism
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Varicella is also known as what?
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chickenpox
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What are the symptoms of varicella?
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itchy rash over entire body with many sores, fever, and sore throat
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What are the complications of varicella?
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scars, very dangerous in teens and adults. a person who has had chickenpox can get a painful rash called shingles as an adult
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What is prevnar?
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pneumococcal conjugate- form of meningitis
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What are the symptoms of prevnar?
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fast breathing or difficulty breathing
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What does prevnar deal with?
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lungs
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What are the symptoms of meningococcal?
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sudden high fever, severe, persistent headache, neck stiffness, and discomfort in bright lights
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What are the complications of meningococcal?
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amputations, mentally retardation, deaf, death
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What is rotavirus?
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causes severe diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration in babies
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What is HPV?
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human papillomavirus
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How many doses do you get for HPV?
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3
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What does HPV help with?
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cervical cancer and some sexually transmitted diseases
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immunity
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to be resistant to a specific pathogen
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pathogen
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any organism that causes a disease
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What are the 2 types of immunity?
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natural and acquired
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natural
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immunity present at birth
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aquired
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immunity developed after birth
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vaccination
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an injection, or oral solutio, that exposes a person, or animal, to a killed or weakened form of a pathogen in order to produce immunity to the disease
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What are some minor reactions?
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soreness; pain in the area around injection, redness, stifness, crankiness in children
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What to do for a minor reaction?
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pain reliever, ice, and sleep
