Chemistry Chapter 1 Review – Flashcards
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Which field of science studies the composition and structure of matter? A.Physics B.Biology C.Chemistry D.Geology
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C
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The study of chemicals that, in general, do not contain carbon is traditionally called what type of chemistry? A.Bio B.Inorganic C.Physical D.Analytical
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B
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Which of the following would a chemist be most likely to study? A.A leaf floating on water B.A leaf changing color in autumn C.A leaf being blown by the wind D.A leaf being eaten by insects
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B
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Which of the following best describes an example of pure chemistry? A. testing the effects of lower concentrations of a drug on humans B. studying chemicals containing carbon C. developing a cure for osteoporosis D. finding an antidote for a new strain of virus
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B
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Which of the following statements is false? A. Knowledge of chemistry allows the public to make informed decisions. B. Studying chemistry ensures that officials make correct choices in funding technology. C. Knowledge of chemistry helps prepare people for careers in soil science. D. Chemistry explains many aspects of nature.
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B
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Which of the following is an example of chemistry research in the main area of energy? A. producing bioplastics B. specific reactions between prescription drugs and chemicals in cells C. developing rechargeable batteries D. determining the composition of extra-terrestrial soil and rocks.
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C
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After developing a plan, effective problem solving always involves doing what with that plan? A. Evaluating it. B. Implementing it. C. Analyzing it. D. Doing the calculation.
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B
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A central concept of the kinetic theory, one of the "big ideas" of chemistry, is the belief that A. for every reaction there is an equal and opposite reaction. B. chemical reactions involve processes in which reactants produce products. C. the particles in matter are in a state of constant motion. D. every chemical process uses or produces energy, often in the form of heat.
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C
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Which of the following was a major contribution to chemistry by Antoine Lavoisier? A. He showed that oxygen is required for material to burn. B. He demonstrated the presence of phlogiston in air. C. He encouraged scientists to form explanations based on philosophical arguments. D. He developed the science of alchemy.
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A
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In a chemical reaction, the type of products obtained is largely determined by which part of the reacting chemicals? A. protons B. electrons C. neutrons D. nuclei
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B
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A theory is a ____. A. proposed explanation for an observation B. well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations C. summary of the results of many observations D. procedure used to test a proposed explanation
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B
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There are many reasons to study chemistry. In general, most people study chemistry for all of the following reasons EXCEPT? A. The social prestige and honor in being a chemist. B. Chemistry can help you satisfy your natural desire to understand how things work. C. Knowledge of chemistry is important for success in a variety of careers. D. Knowledge of chemistry is important in making informed decisions as a citizen.
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A
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The variable that is observed during an experiment is called what type of variable? A. independent B. manipulated C. controlling D. responding
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A
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Collaboration and communication are important in science because ____. A. most research problems are not very complex. B. most scientists have the knowledge to solve any scientific problem. C. they increase the likelihood of a successful outcome. D. they keep scientists from having to repeat experiments.
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C
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Which of these steps should always be followed for effective problem solving? A. buying a larger quantity of material than estimated B. performing metric conversions C. developing a plan and then implementing the plan D. using a trial-and-error approach and then evaluating
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C
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The step that usually comes last in solving numeric problems is ____. A. calculate B. measure C. evaluate D. analyze
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C
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How do conceptual problems differ from numeric problems? A. Solutions to conceptual problems involve analysis, while numeric solutions do not. B. Logic is not usually involved in solving numeric problems. C. A plan is necessary to solve numeric problems, but is not necessary for conceptual problems. D. Solutions to conceptual problems normally do not involve calculations.
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D
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Which of the following is an example of a current research focus in chemistry? a. development of smoke detectors for common use b. using hook-and-loop tape in the clothing industry c. applying gene therapy to treat certain diseases d. studying coal combustion as an energy source
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C
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One characteristic of a scientific theory is that ____. a. it can never be proved b. it can be proved c. it cannot be modified d. it summarizes a set of observations
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A
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Which step in the scientific method requires you to use your senses to obtain information? a. revising a hypothesis b. designing an experiment c. making an observation d. stating a theory
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C
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A golf ball has more mass than a tennis ball because it ____. a. takes up more space b. contains more matter c. contains different kinds of matter d. has a definite composition
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B
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Which of the following is NOT an example of chemistry research in the main area of energy.
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producing hook-and-loop tape
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How many steps are involved in solving numeric problems?
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3
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How many general reasons are given to study chemistry?
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3
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Explain why the scope of chemistry is so vast
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It answers many questions about the world
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Identify five traditional areas of study in chemistry
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Organic, Inorganic, Biochemistry, Analytical and Physical
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Identify three general reasons to study chemistry.
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Informed citizen, career preparation and to know how things work
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Identify some outcomes of modern research in chemistry.
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Advanced technology and improved medicine
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Identify three steps in the scientific method.
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Question, Hypothesize and question
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Explain the role collaboration and communication play in science.
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It increases the chance of an successful outcome and some problems are so complex that one person can't do it by themselves
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Describe the steps for solving numeric problems.
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Analyze, calculate and evaluate
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Describe the steps for solving nonnumeric problems.
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Analyze and evaluate
