Chemistry and Measurement – Flashcards
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Chemistry |
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The study if the composition and structure of materials and of the changes that the materials undergo. |
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Experiment |
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An observation of natural phenomena carried out in a controlled manner so that the results can be duplicated and rational conclusions obtained. |
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Law |
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A concise statement or mathematical equation about a fundamental relationship or regularity in nature. |
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Scientific Method |
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A process of advancing scientific knowledge through observations; the framing of laws, hypotheses or theories; and the conducting of more experiments. |
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Method |
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Experiments Results Hypothoses |
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A _____ explanation of a basic natural phenomenon. |
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Tested |
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Law of Conservation of Mass |
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The total mass remains constant during a chemical change. |
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Mass |
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The quantity of matter in material. |
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Matter |
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Whatever takes up space and can be perceived by our senses. |
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Classifying matter by its physical state. |
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Solid, Liquid or Gas. |
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Classifying Matter by its chemical constitution. |
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Element, compound, or mixture. |
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Solid |
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characterized by rigidity; fixed volume and fixed shape. |
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Liquid |
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relativity incompressible fluid; fixed volume, no fixed shape. |
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Gas |
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Compressed fluid; no fixed volume, no fixed shape. |
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Physical Change |
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A change in the form of matter but not its chemical identity. |
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Chemical Change |
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a change in which one or more kinds of matter are transformed into a new kind of matter or several new kidns of matter. |
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Substance |
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A kind of matter that cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by any physical process such as distillation or sublimation. |
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Element |
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A substance that cannot be decompressed into simpler substances by any chemical reaction. |
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Compound |
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A new substance composed of two or more elements chemically combined. |
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Law of Definite Proportions |
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States that a pure compound whatever its source always contains definite or constant proportions of the elements by mass. |
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Mixture |
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A material can be separated by physical means into two or more substances, has variable composition. |
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Heterogeneous Mixture |
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A mixture that consists of physical distinct parts each with different properties. |
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Homogenous Mixture |
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A mixture that is uniform in its properties also is called a solution. |
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Measurement |
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The comparison of a physical quantity with a fixed standard of measurement - a unit. |
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Precision |
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The closeness of the set of values obtained from repeated measurements of the same quality. |
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Accuracy |
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The closeness of a single measurement to its true value. |
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Significant figures indicate _______. |
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Precision |
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Exact Number |
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A counted number or defined number. |
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Scientific Notation |
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The representation of a number in the form. |
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SI units |
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An international system of units made up of a petticoat choice of metric units. |
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Base Units |
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The seven metric units from which all other units can be derived. |
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Temperature |
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A measure of "hotness" |