Chemistry and Measurement – Flashcards

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Chemistry
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The study if the composition and structure of materials and of the changes that the materials undergo.
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Experiment
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An observation of natural phenomena carried out in a controlled manner so that the results can be duplicated and rational conclusions obtained.
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Law
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A concise statement or mathematical equation about a fundamental relationship or regularity in nature.
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Scientific Method
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A process of advancing scientific knowledge through observations; the framing of laws, hypotheses or theories; and the conducting of more experiments.
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Method
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Experiments
Results
Hypothoses
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A _____ explanation of a basic natural phenomenon.
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Tested
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Law of Conservation of Mass
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The total mass remains constant during a chemical change.
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Mass
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The quantity of matter in material.
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Matter
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Whatever takes up space and can be perceived by our senses.
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Classifying matter by its physical state.
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Solid, Liquid or Gas.
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Classifying Matter by its chemical constitution.
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Element, compound, or mixture.
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Solid
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characterized by rigidity; fixed volume and fixed shape.
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Liquid
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relativity incompressible fluid; fixed volume, no fixed shape.
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Gas
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Compressed fluid; no fixed volume, no fixed shape.
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Physical Change
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A change in the form of matter but not its chemical identity.
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Chemical Change
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a change in which one or more kinds of matter are transformed into a new kind of matter or several new kidns of matter.
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Substance
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A kind of matter that cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by any physical process such as distillation or sublimation.
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Element
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A substance that cannot be decompressed into simpler substances by any chemical reaction.
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Compound
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A new substance composed of two or more elements chemically combined.
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Law of Definite Proportions
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States that a pure compound whatever its source always contains definite or constant proportions of the elements by mass.
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Mixture
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A material can be separated by physical means into two or more substances, has variable composition.
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Heterogeneous Mixture
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A mixture that consists of physical distinct parts each with different properties.
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Homogenous Mixture
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A mixture that is uniform in its properties also is called a solution.
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Measurement
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The comparison of a physical quantity with a fixed standard of measurement - a unit.
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Precision
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The closeness of the set of values obtained from repeated measurements of the same quality.
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Accuracy
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The closeness of a single measurement to its true value.
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Significant figures indicate _______.
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Precision
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Exact Number
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A counted number or defined number.
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Scientific Notation
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The representation of a number in the form.
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SI units
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An international system of units made up of a petticoat choice of metric units.
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Base Units
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The seven metric units from which all other units can be derived.
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Temperature
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A measure of "hotness"
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