Chapter One (quiz one) – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Various types of microorganisms? |
answer
1. Prokaryotes 2. Euaryotes 3. Viruses |
question
Prokaryotes? |
answer
Bacteria and archaea |
question
Eurkaryotes? |
answer
Fungi, algae, protozoa and helminths |
question
Viruses? |
answer
Viruses and bacteriophages |
question
Are viruses living organisms? |
answer
No, because they can not reproduce they need host to do so |
question
Examples of how microbes impact the Earth? |
answer
-Most of the atmospheric oxygen on earth is from MICROBIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS -Microbes play a role in decomposition of dead organisms (S, N, P) |
question
Why is the theory of Evolution still a theory for sciensts? |
answer
it is a theory because once something is a teory in science it has gone through years of testing and hasn't been disproven |
question
Ways humans manipulate organisms? (9examples) |
answer
-baker's yeast -brewer's yeast -food preservation -mold on wounds -produce antibotics -extract metals from mines -clean up after oil spills -Biotechnology -Bioremediation |
question
What is Biotechnology? |
answer
Genetic Engineering= creating new profucts and genetically modified organims (GMOS) Recombinant DNA technology= allows microbes to be engineered to synthesize desirable proteins (drugs or hormones) |
question
What is Bioremediation? |
answer
introducing microbes to the environment ro restore stability or clean uo toxic polluntants ex. oil spills, chemical spills, water and sewage treatment |
question
Whats up with human diseases caused by microbs |
answer
-there is an increasing number of emergind diseases caused by microbes (SARS, AIDS, hep C, viral encephalitis) -Other diseases previously not linked to microbes now are (ulcers, cancers, schizophernia, MS, OCD, coronary artery disease) |
question
Prokarytoic vs Eukaryotic Cells (3) |
answer
1. Prokarytoic are 10x smaller thna Eukaryotic 2. Prokarytoic cells lack organelles 3. All prokaryotes are microoganisms, but only eukaryotes are |
question
Size of microbs (smallest to largest) |
answer
Virus, bacteria, fungi, protozoa |
question
Taxonomic Categories (8) |
answer
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species (dude, kevin's poor cow only feels good sometimes) |
question
Binomial Naming? |
answer
Genus species (underlines) ex: Staphylococcus aureus (underlined) |
question
Name the 3 domains? |
answer
1. Archaea 2. Bacteria 3. Eukarya |
question
What is an indivdual virus called? |
answer
virus particle or viron |
question
A small ammount of DNA or RNA wrapped in protein and sometimes by a lipid membrane |
answer
What are viruses |
question
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek |
answer
1684 -father of bacteriology -first person to accurately describe living organisms |
question
Robert Hooke |
answer
1660's first to see microorganisms -coined the word "cell" |
question
Louis Pasteur |
answer
-pasterization (ammoint of microoganisms is lowered to it wont cause ill effects -the Germ Theory of Disease |
question
John Tyndall |
answer
showed evidence that some microbes have high heat resistance and are difficult to destroy |
question
Joseph Lister |
answer
introduced aseptic technique |
question
Robert Koch |
answer
-Koch's postulates -Verified the germ theory |
question
What where Koch's Postulates |
answer
-disease always in sick, not in well -isolates microoganisms to indentify -infection with pure mictobe results in disease -re-isolate microorganism from infected individuals |