Flashcards on chapter 8 psychology
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One disadvantage of the longitudinal design is:
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the lengthy amount of time involved
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Many researchers believe that ________ is necessary to break away from childhood dependence on parents and become self-sufficient adults.
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conflict and rebellion
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A child who criticizes his parent for speeding because speeding is against the law is demonstrating ________ morality.
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conventional
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Wakefield's study linking the MMR vaccine to autism ______________________________________.
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has been discredited
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Early in life, infants will demonstrate their personalities through their _________________.
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temperaments
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In Eleanor Gibson and Michael Walk's classic study:
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babies showed depth perception by refusing to crawl over the "visual cliff."
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The visual cliff experiment showed that babies have:
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some depth perception
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Erikson believed that:
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social interactions were important in development
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Pete and Evelyn are decorating the room for the baby they are expecting. To ensure that the baby's room provides appropriate stimulation, the couple seek the advice of a developmental psychologist, who tells them that newborns prefer to look at:
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human faces
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In his theories of development, Piaget focused on ______________________.
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the child's internal cognitive development
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Vygotsky emphasized the importance of social interactions in cognitive development, whereas ________ stressed the importance of the child's interactions with objects.
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Piaget
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At birth, infants show a preference for ________ tastes.
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sweet
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_________ is a recessive gene disorder that can result in severe intellectual disabilities.
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PKU
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________ is carried by recessive genes and inherited when a child inherits two recessive genes.
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Cystic fibrosis
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Genes are located on:
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chromosomes
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During critical periods:
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environmental influences can have an impact on a developing infant
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The most likely time for a miscarriage is in the:
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first 3 months
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The process by which an egg cell (or an ovum) and a sperm cell unite is called:
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fertilization
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Sylvia is a middle-aged woman who volunteers as a youth coordinator at her church and as a Girl Scout leader. She is developing what Erikson referred to as:
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generativity
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The changes that women experience 5 to 10 years prior to menopause are:
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perimenopause
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In Erikson's view, unfinished issues of identity lead to ______ in young adulthood.
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isolation
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The cessation of ovulation and the menstrual cycle is called:
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menopause
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Martin, who is male, and Martina, who is female, are twins. What type of twins MUST they be?
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dizygotic
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The _______ believe that a person who has died is in the underworld.
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Navajo
