Chapter 8 Practice Quiz – Flashcards
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What is the term for the capacity to understand the world, think with rationality, and use resources effectively when faced with challenges?
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intelligence
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Who is the psychologist that used a pragmatic, trial-and-error approach to psychological measurement that continues to serve as the predominant approach to test construction today?
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Binet
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Who is the psychologist that linked intelligence and school success in constructing an intelligence test that continues to provide reasonable indicators of a student's ability to be successful in school?
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Binet
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What is the term that Binet developed for the typical intelligence level found for people at a given chronological age?
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mental age
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What is the term for the actual (physical) age of the child taking the intelligence test?
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chronical age
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What is the term for a measure of intelligence that takes into account a student's mental and chronological age?
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intelligence quotient
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What is the name of a test that consists of a series of items that vary according to the age of the person being tested?
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Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales
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What is the name of the test for children that provides separate measures of verbal and performance (or nonverbal) skills, as well as a total score?
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Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
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What is the name of an intelligence test that measures children's ability to integrate different stimuli simultaneously and use step-by-step thinking?
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Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children
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______ exists when a test measures consistently what it is trying to measure; ____________ exists when it actually measures what it is supposed to measure.
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Reliability; validity
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For most children, ________ is/are reasonable predictors of school performance.
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IQ scores
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Some developmentalists suggest that two kinds of intelligence exist. What is the term for intelligence that reflects information processing capabilities, reasoning, and memory?
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fluid intelligence
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Some developmentalists suggest that two kinds of intelligence exist. What is the term for the accumulation of information, skills, and strategies that people have learned through experience and that they can apply in problem-solving situations?
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crystallized intelligence
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According to Robert Sternberg, who developed the _____________, intelligence consists of three components.
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triarchic theory of intelligence
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When a person uses information he/she has been taught (e.g., choose formulas and problem-solving strategies) to solve problems in a rational way, Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence would suggest that person was demonstrating __________ intelligence.
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componential
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In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, the componential aspect of intelligence deals with
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analysis of data to solve problems, using previously learned information.
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When a person solves problems by utilizing his/her prior experience, as well as insight and coping ability/skills for new situations, Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence would suggest that person was demonstrating __________ intelligence.
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experiential
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In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, the experiential aspect of intelligence deals with
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how prior experiences are used in problem solving, which involves the ability to cope with new situations.
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According to Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, which type of intellectual assessment measure would be useful when trying to predict adult success?
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contextual intelligence
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In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, the contextual aspect of intelligence deals with
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how intelligence is used to face real-world demands.
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When a person exhibits success facing everyday, real-world demands such as those found in on-the-job professional demands, Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence would suggest that person was demonstrating __________ intelligence.
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contextual
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Traditional intelligence tests, such as those used in psychoeducational evaluations in schools, usually focus on which of Sternberg's aspects of intelligence?
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componential intleligence
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According to Robert Sternberg, the IQ score from traditional tests, such as those administered in a psychoeducational evaluation in schools, relates well to
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academic success
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Johnny has watched his older brother climb up and down the stairs. When his brother reaches the top of the stairs, he immediately goes to his mother, and she gives him a treat. Johnny is now attempting to climb stairs. According to Sternberg, this is an example of __________ intelligence.
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practical
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When it comes to predicting a person's business success as an adult, including rate of career advancement, research suggests traditional IQ tests are
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only marginally reliable in predicting the success of business executives.
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Skills that underlie the accurate assessment, evaluation, expression, and regulation of feeling are referred to as __________ intelligence.
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emotional
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What type of intelligence allows some people to acquire the ability to get along well with others, understand what others are experiencing, and respond to the needs of others?
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emotional intelligence
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Combining responses or ideas in novel ways defines
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creativity
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What is the term for an overall developmental score that relates to performance in four domains: motor skills, language use, adaptive behavior, and personal-social?
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developmental quotient
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The _____________ evaluate(s) an infant's development in two primary areas, mental and motor abilities.
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Bayley Scales of Infant Development
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Developmental psychologist Nancy Bayley developed the Bayley Scales of Infant Development to measure
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two areas: mental (senses, perception, memory, learning, problem solving, and language) and motor abilities.
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When Jorge enrolls in a new school, a guidance counselor gives him a(n) _______________ to identify how likely he is to excel in writing, and plans to use that information to determine whether he should be placed in a special writing program.
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aptitude test
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The book The Bell Curve argues that the average 15-point difference between Caucasian Americans' and African Americans' IQ is primarily due to
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hereditary
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Recent findings show that nationally in the U.S., twice as many African American students as Caucasian American students are classified as mildly intellectually disabled, which is a difference that experts attribute to
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cultural bias in testing and poverty.
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What is the term for the educational setting that is most similar to that of children without special needs?
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least restrictive environment
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Which of the following is the term for an educational approach in which exceptional children are integrated to the extent possible into the traditional educational system and are provided with a broad range of educational alternatives?
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mainstreaming
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If a person has significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior, this person is said to
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have an intellectual disability
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If a person has an IQ score that falls in the range of 50 or 55 to 70, this is known as
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moderate intellectual disability
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If a person has an IQ score that falls in the range of around 35 or 40 to 50 or 55, this is known as
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moderate intellectual disability
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If a person has an IQ score that falls in the range of around 20 or 25 to 35 or 40, this is known as
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severe intellectual disability
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If a person has an IQ score that falls in the range below 20 or 25, this is known as
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profound intellectual disability
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Children who show evidence of high performance capability in areas such as intellectual, creative, artistic, leadership, or specific academic fields are referred to as
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gifted
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Which of the following is the term for an approach to education through which students are kept at grade level but are enrolled in special programs and given individual activities to allow greater depth of study on a given topic?
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enrichment
