Chapter 7 lifetime health and fitness – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
22 million American age 12 and up currently use ?
answer
illicit drugs
question
How many deaths each year are there in the United States?
answer
38,000
question
Addiction
answer
a chronic disease of brain reward, motivation, memory, and related circuitry.
question
What are practical strategies to know if someone has an addiction?
answer
craving, loss of control, denial, and negative consequences
question
Behavioral Addictions
answer
a form of addiction involving a compulsion to engage in an activity such as gambling, sex, or shopping rather than a compulsion to use a substance.
question
APA
answer
American Psychiatric Association
question
What percent of adults in the US have gambled?
answer
85%
question
out of 2 million in the US what percent has a gambling addiction?
answer
1%
question
How many college students have a gambling problem?
answer
6%
question
Gambling is a what type of problem?
answer
Pathological problem
question
Hyper-sexual Disorder
answer
Sexual addiction in 3-5% of US population
question
Compulsive Spending
answer
Affects more than 1 out of 20 US adults who are mostly young with incomes below 50,000.
question
Addiction to Technology
answer
1.5 to 8.2% internet users become addicted. 18% of adults ages 18 to 24 send 200 text a day.
question
About 9% or 22.5 million people of the US population ages 12 or older use what illicit drug?
answer
marijuana (18.1%)
question
What drug is second to marijuana when used non-medically?
answer
prescription drugs (6.1%)
question
What percent of males and females use illicit drugs?
answer
11.1% males and 6.5% females
question
What sex is more likely to use marijuana?
answer
Males (9.3%) Females (4.9%)
question
Males have a higher rate use of what drugs?
answer
marijuana, prescription drugs, hallucinogens, and cocaine
question
What age group has the highest percentage of illicit drugs?
answer
18 to 20 (23.8%)
question
What age group has the second highest percentage of illicit drugs?
answer
21 to 25 (19.9%)
question
What age group has the third highest percentage of illicit drugs?
answer
teens 16 to 17 (17.2%)
question
What race individuals has the highest reported illicit drug use?
answer
mixed-races (13.5%)
question
What race individuals has the second highest reported illicit drug use?
answer
Native Americans (13.4%)
question
What race individuals has the third highest reported illicit drug use?
answer
African Americans (10%)
question
What race individuals has the fourth highest reported illicit drug use?
answer
Caucasians (8.7%)
question
What race individuals has the fifth highest reported illicit drug use?
answer
Hispanics (8.4%)
question
What race individuals has the sixth highest reported illicit drug use?
answer
Asian Americans (3.8%)
question
Rates of drug use are higher in metropolitan or rural areas?
answer
metropolitan areas
question
What area (NSEW) are rates of illicit drugs highest?
answer
West (10.5%)
question
What area (NSEW) are rates of illicit drugs second highest?
answer
Northeast (9.2%)
question
What area (NSEW) are rates of illicit drugs third highest?
answer
Midwest (8.5%)
question
What area (NSEW) are rates of illicit drugs fourth highest?
answer
South (7.5%)
question
Drug
answer
a chemical substance that alters the body physically or mentally for a non-nutritional purpose.
question
Psychoactive
answer
capable of altering feelings, mood, perception, or psychological functioning.
question
Illicit drugs
answer
drugs regulated by the US Drug Enforcement Agency as unlawful substances, including prescription medications used unlawfully
question
DEA
answer
Drug Enforcement Agency
question
People who are unemployed or didn't graduate high school use double the amount of illicit drugs then people who did?
answer
true
question
What percent of college students used illicit drugs
answer
22% ages 18 to 22
question
Drug Misuse
answer
the inappropriate use of a legal drug, either for a reason for which it was not medically intended, or by a person without a prescription.
question
Drug Abuse
answer
the use of any legal or illegal drug in a way that is detrimental to your health.
question
Tolerance
answer
Reduced sensitivity to a drug so that increased amounts are needed to achieve usual effect.
question
Dopamine
answer
is the brains feel good chemical and causes feelings of pleasure and satisfaction.
question
Euphoria
answer
primes the body to repeat the stimulation or pleasure feeling.
question
Psycological Dependence
answer
the state of being mentally attached to a drug
question
Physical Dependence
answer
the body requires the regular use of a substance in order to function.
question
With-drawl
answer
the process and experience of ceasing to take a drug that has created a physical dependence.
question
Effects of with-drawl include?
answer
craving, headache, nausea, and vomiting
question
Distribution half-life
answer
the amount of time it takes a drug to move from the bloodstream, to body tissues such as muscle and fat.
question
Addictive Interactions
answer
the effect of one drug is combined with the effect of another.
question
Antagonistc Interactions
answer
the effect of one drug is diminished when combined with another drug.
question
Toxicity
answer
the dosage level at which a drug becomes poisonous to the body and can cause temporary or permanent damage.
question
what percent of college students use prescription drugs not prescribed to them?
answer
13%
question
How many Americans abused prescription pain medicines?
answer
1.8 million
question
What prescription medicine is most commonly misused?
answer
narcotics
question
Opiods
answer
drugs derived from opium or synthetic drugs that have similar sleep-inducing, pain-reducing effects.
question
Abuse of prescription narcotics is?
answer
the primary cause of overdose deaths including more than 16,000
question
What is the second most commonly misused prescriptions?
answer
stimulants such as retalin and adderall
question
Marijuana
answer
the most common used illicit drug in the US derived from the plant cannabis sativa.
question
How many Americans use marijuana
answer
18.1 million or 7 percent
question
Stimulants
answer
a class of drugs that stimulate the central nervous system, causing acceleration of mental and physical process in the body including increased heart rate, blood pressure, and alertness
question
Caffeine
answer
a widely used stimulant found in coffee, tea, soft drinks, chocolate, and some medicines.
question
What is the most powerful psychoactive drug in the world?
answer
caffeine
question
Cocaine
answer
a potent and addictive stimulant derived from leaves of the coca shrub.
question
Freebase Cocaine (Crack)
answer
rock-like crystal that is heated
question
Amphetamines
answer
increases the concentration of neurotransmitters in different regions of the brain. central nervous system stimulants that are chemically similar to the natural stimulants adrenaline and nor-adrenaline.
question
meth
answer
a highly addictive and dangerous stimulant that is chemically similar to amphetamine, but more potent and harmful.
question
bath salts
answer
any of a group of drugs containing a synthetic compound similar to cathinone, an amphetamine-like stimulant.
question
Hallucinogens
answer
drugs that alter perception and are capable of causing auditory and visual hallucinations.
question
LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)
answer
a powerful hallucinogen manufactured from lysergic acid, a substance found in a fungus that grows on rye and other grains.
question
PCP (phencyclidine)
answer
a dangerous synthetic hallucinogen that reduces and distorts sensory input and can unpredictably cause both euphoria and dysphoria
question
Dissociative Drug
answer
a medication that distorts perceptions of sight and sound and produces feelings of detachment from the environment and self.
question
Psilocybin
answer
a hallucinogenic substance obtained from certain types of mushrooms that are indigenous to tropical regions of South America.
question
Club Drugs
answer
Illicit substances, including MDMA (ecstasy) GHB and many others that are commonly used at nightclubs and parties.
question
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
answer
a synthetic drug commonly called ecstasy that works as both a stimulant and a hallucinogen
question
GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyric acid)
answer
a central nervous system depressant known as a date rape drug because of its use to impair potential victims of sexual assault.
question
Depressants
answer
also known as downers include alcohol, barbiturates, and benzodiazepines. all are substances that depress the central nervous system and slow down the brain's activity
question
Barbiturates
answer
types of central nervous system depressants often prescribed to induce sleep and reduce anxiety.
question
Benzodiazpines
answer
medications commonly prescribed to induce sleep, treat anxiety, panic attacks, and prevent seizures.
question
Rohypnol
answer
causes memory loss. a powerful sedative known as a date rape drug because of its use to impair potential victims of sexual assault.
question
Inhalents
answer
chemical vapors that when inhaled produce mind altering affects.
question
What is the most abused non prescription opiate?
answer
Heroin
question
Herion
answer
an illicit , highly addictive, opioid.
question
Polybuser
answer
a person who abuses more than one drug
question
12-step programs
answer
addiction recovery self-help programs based on the principles of alcoholics anonymous.
question
One of the most fundamental characteristics of addiction is?
answer
intense craving
question
Which of the following is a behavioral addiction?
answer
hyper-sexual disorder
question
The rate of dug abuse among full-time college students is what compared to college-age adults?
answer
about the same as the rate among college-age adults in general
question
A person who must use more of a drug to experience an effect that a smaller dose used to produce has developed ?
answer
tolerance
question
Which of the following is responsible for the greatest percentage of overdose deaths?
answer
prescription narcotics
question
Adderall is grouped within the same class of drugs as?
answer
methamphetamine
question
Impaired memory is a potential adverse affect of use of?
answer
marijuana meth MDMA
question
The occupational safety and health administration recommends which of the following drug-abuse prevention strategies?
answer
employee drug education and assistance programs for companies that preform random drug testing.
question
Which of the following about drug treatment options is true?
answer
the most common reason people give for not entering treatment for drug abuse is lack of health insurance coverage and in in ability to pay out of pocket.
question
the return to drug abuse after a period of conscious drug abstinence is called?
answer
relapse
