question

The dietary approach that has been most successful in long-term studies is the low-fat, ... approach.

answer

high-fiber

question

When energy input is less than energy output, the person is in ... energy balance.

answer

negative

question

Identify characteristics of a reliable weight-loss program:

answer

1. recommends physical activity 2. scientific evidence supports program 3. recommends lifestyle change

question

Identify characteristics of an unreliable weight-loss program:

answer

1. recommends expensive supplements 2. advertised as cure-alls 3. no attempt to change old habits

question

What is not a reliable treatment for obesity

answer

using diet pills

question

Positive energy balance is normal and healthy during:

answer

1. childhood 2. pregnancy 3. infancy

question

In order to lose weight, it is necessary to be in...energy balance.

answer

negative

question

Treatment for overweight and obesity should be:

answer

1. a lifestyle change 2. long term

question

The conventional "3500-kcal rule" was based on the amount of energy stored in one pound of...

answer

fat

question

When energy input is greater than energy output, the person is in...energy balance.

answer

positive

question

Obesity caused by nature would be...and obesity caused by nurture would be due to ... factors.

answer

genetic, environmental

question

Three key components of a sound weight-loss program are control of calorie intake, increased physical activity, and behavior...

answer

modification

question

BMI of healthy weight

answer

18.5-24.9

question

BMI of overweight

answer

Between 25 and 29.9

question

BMI of obesity

answer

Greater or equal to 30

question

BMI of underweight

answer

Less than 18

question

The amount and location of ... in the body are important predictors of cardiovascular disease risk.

answer

adipose tissue

question

The use of a pedometer to monitor activity enables the achievement of the recommended goal of 10,000 ... per day.

answer

steps

question

How much does physical activity increase energy expenditure beyond basal metabolism?

answer

15-35%

question

The reasons why unreliable diets are problematic include:

answer

1. limited food selection 2. loss of lean tissue 3. unchanged habits

question

Which of the following are strategies that could help a person control hunger between meals?

answer

1. include lean protein in meals and snacks. 2. eat meals and snacks more slowly 3. consume foods high in fiber and water

question

Select the most logical approaches to weight loss

answer

1. change problematic eating behaviors 2. increase physical activity 3. reduce calorie intake

question

What part of the body closely monitors and regulates body fat?

answer

hypothalamus

question

The Set Point Theory often refers to the close regulation of...

answer

body weight

question

Upper-body obesity is diagnosed in males when the waist circumference exceeds... inches.

answer

40

question

The components of the weight-loss triad include:

answer

1. controlling caloric intake 2. controlling problem behaviors 3. performing regular physical activity

question

Which of the following are characteristics of unreliable weight-loss programs?

answer

1. promotes quick weight loss 2. lacks scientific support 3. recommends the use of expensive supplements

question

As lean muscle mass increases as a result of physical activity, metabolic rate...

answer

increases

question

Weight-related diseases that would indicate a need to lose weight include:

answer

1. hypertension 2. obesity 3. high blood glucose

question

Lean body mass is the most important factor that increases...metabolism.

answer

basal

question

The health problems associated with excess body fat include:

answer

1. liver damage 2. surgical risks. 3. bone and joint disorders

question

Which of the following best describes the energy balance equation?

answer

Energy input=energy output

question

A weight loss regimen on the internet claims that 10 minutes of physical activity each day is all you need to lose weight. A more successful plan would...

answer

1. incorporate 60 to 90 minutes of physical activity 2. include behavior modification strategies 3. include dietary strategies to reduce energy intake

question

Which of the following is an important concept to have when keeping a weight goal in perspective?

answer

A healthy, sustainable rate of weight loss is 1 to 2 pounds per week

question

...is an over-the-counter version of orlistat, a weight-loss medication that blocks the digestion of fat in the small intestine.

answer

Alli

question

Lower-body obesity is named after this type of fruit due to its shape.

answer

Pear

question

The components of a sound weight-loss program include

answer

1. controlling calorie intake 2. increasing physical activity

question

There are fewer opportunities to expend calories because of the increased prevalence of...

answer

technology

question

If Carlos consumes more calories than he expends, his net energy balance will be...

answer

positive

question

Direct calorimetry measures the amount of body...released by a person.

answer

heat

question

Who is more prone to upper-body obesity?

answer

men

question

The benefits of physical activity include:

answer

1. helping with weight loss 2. helping maintain lower body weight 3. helping a person stay physically fit 4. boosting self esteem

question

Orlistat partially blocks fat digestion and subsequent absorption. Name the fat-digesting enzyme that is inhibited by orlistat.

answer

lipase

question

The energy needs of the body are met by

answer

food intake

question

All of the factors below increase basal metabolism except:

answer

dieting

question

Which factors contribute to weight gain during adulthood?

answer

1. slower metabolism 2. limited physical activity 3. excess food intake

question

Which of the following are influences of nurture on body weight?

answer

1. high-calorie diet 2. stress 3. inactivity

question

The public, private, and non-profit organizations are currently working together to find a solution to the public health crisis of..., now considered an epidemic in the United States.

answer

obesity

question

Men with 24% body fat and women over 37% body fat are considered...

answer

obese

question

...is commonly used in the clinical setting to assess weight status because it is inexpensive, non-invasive, and closely related to body fat content.

answer

BMI

question

Having a high basal metabolic rate is a possible cause for...

answer

BMI less than 18.5

question

To achieve and maintain a health body weight, the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommend a minimum of...

answer

150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity physical activity

question

Which of the following are the top three contributors to the calories expended by the body each day?

answer

1. basal metabolism 2. thermic effect of food 3. physical activity

question

Factors leading to female adulthood obesity include...

answer

1. excess weight gain during pregnancy 2. childhood obesity 3. periods of stress and boredom

question

Which of the following are ways that nurture, rather than nature, may promote obesity?

answer

high-fat diets and physical activity

question

Order the nutrients below in decreasing order of the energy needed for the thermic effect of foods.

answer

1. protein 2. carbohydrates 3. fat

question

Upper-body obesity resembles the shape of an...

answer

apple

question

The energy used for the digestion, absorption, and processing of food is called the....

answer

thermic effect of food

question

The terms such as chain-breaking, stimulus control, cognitive restructuring, and self-monitoring are components of...modification.

answer

behavior

question

A person who needs fewer calories and stores fat more readily than the average human may have inherited....metabolism.

answer

thrifty

question

Identify the factors that decrease basal metabolism.

answer

1. low calorie intake 2. loss of lean tissue 3. dieting

question

The technique used to measure the difference between the weight on a standard scale and that during submersion in water is called...

answer

underwater weighing

question

Surgical removal of fat tissue is termed...

answer

lipectomy

question

"Yo-yo" dieting refers to...

answer

repeated cycles of weight loss followed by weight regain

question

The need for women to have a higher body fat when compared to men is to maintain...

answer

estrogen production and reproductive functions

question

Which of the following is a surgical method of inducing weight loss that involves reducing the stomach capacity and bypassing part of the small intestine?

answer

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

question

The health problems associated with being underweight include...

answer

1. complications with surgery 2. loss of menstrual function 3. low bone mass 4. pregnancy complications 5. slow recovery after illness

question

The...metabolic rate is calculated instead of a basal metabolic rate if the individual has not fasted or rested for 12 hours.

answer

resting

question

If height, weight, and physical activity level are held constant, energy requirements ... as an adult ages.

answer

decrease

question

Consumer education about weight loss products leads to...

answer

1. avoidance of money wasted 2. avoidance of health complications 3. consultation with appropriate health professionals

question

For many people who have lost weight, maintenance of weight loss is the hardest part. Name one of the "3 Ms" that assist efforts at maintenance

answer

Motivation

question

Over time, weight loss that results from a calorie-restricted diet can lead to...basal metabolic rate.

answer

decreased

question

Identify the health risks that are caused by fat storage in abdominal adipose cells.

answer

1. increases blood vessel restriction 2. increases inflammation 3. increases insulin resistance

question

Recognizing high-risk situations and planning ways to cope with occasional setbacks throughout a weight management program will help to prevent...

answer

relapse

question

Much of the initial weight loss seen with low-carbohydrate diets is due to....

answer

loss of body water

question

Select the measures that signal a re-evaluation of diet and lifestyle is in order.

answer

an increase of 2 inches or more in waist circumference and gaining more than 10 pounds

question

A BMI of 18.1 is classified as...

answer

underweight

question

Which of the following is the best indication of an effective weight-loss aid?

answer

research reviewed in a scientific journal

question

Which of the following trigger adaptive thermogenesis?

answer

1. fidgeting 2. shivering 3. maintenance of posture

question

Possible outcomes of bariatric surgery include:

answer

1. less likelihood of overeating 2. reduced blood pressure 3. elimination of type 2 diabetes

question

Which component of energy expenditure encompasses fidgeting and shivering?

answer

adaptive thermogenesis

question

Identify the components of energy output not involving basal metabolism.

answer

1. absorption of nutrients 2. physical activity 3. digestion of nutrients

question

Measures the heat given off by a food as it is burned...

answer

bomb calorimeter

question

A behavioral strategy that involves becoming aware of and enjoying the entire eating experience-from the origins of the food to the effects it has on the body-is called

answer

mindful eating

question

A recently-approved weight-loss medication, lorcaserin hydrochloride, assists weight loss by

answer

suppressing appetite

question

The specialized form of tissue that produces large amounts of heat by metabolizing energy-yielding nutrients without synthesizing much useful energy for the body is known as:

answer

brown adipose tissue

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