Chapter 7: Cognition – Flashcards
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Algorithms guarantee a correct answer if there is one
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An advantage of algorithms over heuristics is that ____.
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140-145
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To be classified as a genius, the IQ score must be ____.
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Language Acquisition Device (LAD)
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According to famed linguist Noam Chomsky, humans have an innate ability to understand and produce language through a device he calls ____.
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Nonverbal abilities such as rotating objects
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Many items on a "culture-test" require the use of ___.
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The practical aspects of communicating with others, or the social "niceties" of language
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Pragmatics are defined as ____.
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Availability heuristic
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Frank mistakenly believes that there are more words that begin with the letter 'k' than there are with the letter 'k' in the third position due to the ____.
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Freewriting
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The divergent thinking technique of writing down everything that comes to mind about a topic without revising or proofreading until all of the information is recorded, and then organizing it later, is known as ___.
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Grammar
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The rules that determine how sounds and words can be combined and used to communicate meaning within a language are collectively known as _____.
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Divergent
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Coming up with as many different uses of a brick as possible, such as using them for doorstops, is a type of ____ thinking.
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Concepts
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Mental categories representing activities, objects, qualities, or situations that share some common characteristics.
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Reliable
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Psychological tests that yield relatively consistent results are said to be ___.
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Heuristics
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In problem solving, the term "rule of thumb" refers to ___.
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Confirmation bias
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The tendency to search for evidence that supports our belief and to ignore evidence that might disapprove.
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The language used arbitrary or abstract symbols
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In order to conclusively show that animals do use language, one would have to demonstrate that ___.
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Should minimize or eliminate the use of language
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Culture-fair tests ___.
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The linguistic relativity hypothesis
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A famous lecturer argues that because the Hopi Indians have only two nouns for things that fly, one for birds and another for nonbirds, the Hopi MUST interpret all flying things in terms of these two nouns. This argument is based on ___.
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The theory of multiple intelligences
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Gardener and his associates are known for proposing ___.
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Car
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What is most likely prototype for the concept "vehicle?"
