Chapter 6 Vocab Geography – Flashcards
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In what climate zones do people live in?
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moderate climates; mid latitude climates, 20-60 N, tropical- wet/dry
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What are the five major areas of population concentration?
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South Asia- India East Asia- China Japan Korea's US and Canada Europe Southeast Asai
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What percentage of the population lives in the Northern Hemisphere?
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75%
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Arithmetic Density
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number of people per unit of area( square miles, square kilometers)
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Physiological Density
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number of people per unit of crop land
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Carrying Capacity
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the number of people an area can hold and support
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What is the short coming of Physiological Density
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does not include international food trade
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How can culture impact a region's good production and growth?
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government can impact the region
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Crude Birth Rate
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annual number of live births per 1,000 people
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Crude Death Rate
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annual number of deaths per 1,000 people
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Natural Increase
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Difference between the number of births and the number of deaths if there are more births
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Natural Decrease
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Difference between the number of deaths and the number of births if there are more births
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Net Migration Rate
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Subtracting the number of emigrants ( those who migrate out) fromm the number of immigrants ( those who migrate in)
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Demographic Equation
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rate of natural increase (or decrease) plus the net migration rate ( which may be negative)
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Demography
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the study of individual populations in terms of specific group characteristics
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Growth Rate
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the sum of the demographic equation divided by the total population
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Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
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average number of children that would be born to each woman in a society during her child bearing years (15- 44)
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What is the replacement rate
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2.1 a man and a woman have 2 children to replace themselves
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What was the replacement rate in 2010
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2.55 but falling
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Prereproductive
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0-14
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Reproductive
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15-44
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Post reproductive
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45+
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Which age bracket should have the most people?
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Reproductive/ workers
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Dependency Ratio
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the number of dependents (children & elders) for every one person who is in their reproductive years
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Population Pyramid
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represents 2 aspects of a population: age and gender
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Cohort
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people of the same age
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Demographic transition
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a model to describe theses countries' historical experience
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Infant Mortality Rate
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the number of infants per 1,000 who dies before reach 1 year of age
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Second Demographic Transition
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changing social attitudes are creating long-term demographic shifts
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Push Factor
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factors that drive people away form where they live
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Pull Factors
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factors that attract people to new destinations
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Emmigratioin
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to move from a place caused by push factors
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Immigration
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to move to a place caused by pull factors
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Nativism
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the belief that native-born white Americans are superior to new comers
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Multicultural policies
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meant to recognize and help preserve immigrants' cultural identities
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Xenophobia
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fear or hated of foreigners
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Physical barriers
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distance, terrain
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Economic barriers
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cost of migration ( moving yourself, family, and things to your new place)
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Cultural barriers
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different languages, religious discrimination racist attitudes
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Political barriers
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strict law on who may enter
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Replacement migration
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polices to admit newcomers
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Undocumented ( illegal/ irregular) immigrants
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people to arrive to a country without permission
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Voluntary migration
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made by persons who are free to choose
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Involuntary migrations
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made by persons who are forced to
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Naturalization
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the process of becoming a citizen
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Brain Drain
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when home countries are losing precisely the professionals and technicians that are needed to develop their economic and provide necessary services
