question

The Swiss scientist who emphasized that infants are active learners and that early learning is based on sensory and motor skills was:

answer

Jean Piaget.

question

Piaget believed children begin to develop cognitively at:

answer

birth.

question

The infant's first sensorimotor activities are:

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reflexes.

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In Piaget's terminology, sensorimotor stage two is describes by:

answer

the first acquired adaptations.

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In which of Piaget's sensorimotor stages do infants become aware of things and respond to people and objects?

answer

stage four.

question

An example of stage-three behavior is:

answer

looking for a smile and smiling back.

question

Which of the following capabilities is listed in the text as an example of where a baby's goal-directed behavior comes from?

answer

All of these answers are correct.

question

The principle of object permanence is demonstrated by an infant's:

answer

being willing to let go of an object.

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Once infants become active in exploration and experimentation within their environment, they are engaging in:

answer

tertiary circular reactions.

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The scientific method used by an infant in stage five is:

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trial and error.

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When infants observe other's actions and then imitate them at a later time, they have exhibited:

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deferred imitation.

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A scientific term for becoming bored with an object after repeated exposure to it is:

answer

habituation.

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Which of the following theories compares human thinking processes to the processes of a computer?

answer

information-processing theory.

question

Information-processing theorists believe that perception:

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is something each individual experiences in his or her own way.

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An infant would least prefer to look at:

answer

the family dog sleeping on the floor.

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Which type of memory most likely begins in infancy?

answer

implicit memory.

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Elaine communicates with her new baby in child-directed speech, also known as:

answer

motherese.

question

The term holophrase is used to denote:

answer

the infant's use of one word to express a whole thought.

question

Which of the following groups is most likely to ascribe to the idea that "children should be seen but not heard?"

answer

fathers from low-SES households

question

The theorist who believed that children learn languages when they are reinforced by parental attention was:

answer

B.F. Skinner

question

Which of the following research results provides support for the social impulses theory of language learning?

answer

Toddlers learn new words best when they are taught in person.

question

Piaget called the infants first period of cognitive development:

answer

sensorimotor intelligence.

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According to Piaget, the core of intelligence is:

answer

Adaptation.

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The Piagetian sensorimotor stages that involve the infant's responses to her own body are:

answer

stages one and two.

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According to Jean Piaget, the two elements of adaptation are:

answer

assimilation and accommodation.

question

A baby kicks its legs, smiles, and deliberately kicks its legs again. These actions are repeated for several minutes. According to Piaget, this is an example of:

answer

A primary circular reaction.

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The objects continue to exist when they cannot be seen defines:

answer

object permanence.

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Piaget's basic test for object permanence involves:

answer

showing a baby an interesting toy and then covering it with a cloth.

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Piaget referred to toddlers in stage five as:

answer

little scientists

question

Information-processing theorists would describe perception as a(n):

answer

Cognitive Process.

question

Which of the following best defines the term affordance?

answer

the opportunity for perception and interaction that is offered by people, the environment, and objects.

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The affordances that are actually perceived depend on the individual's:

answer

sensations, past experiences, and immediate motivation.

question

An illusion of a drop between one surface and another is called a(n):

answer

visual cliff.

question

According to dynamic perception, 1-year old Diane would most prefer to look at:

answer

a mobile spinning over her head.

question

A ____ is an experience that helps people recollect an idea, thing, or event.

answer

reminder session.

question

Verbal skills are necessary for which type of memory?

answer

explicit

question

Which type of memory most likely beings in infancy?

answer

implicit memory.

question

The usual order of the development of spoken language is:

answer

reflexes, cooling, babbling, spoken words.

question

When Becky's mother speaks to her, she uses a high-pitched voice, simple words or places, and lots of repetition. AT four months of age, Becky delights in her mother's use of:

answer

Child-directed speech.

question

Research has found that "baby talk" is:

answer

characterized by a high pitch, simple vocabulary, and short sentences.

question

Using the word "more" to mean "I want another cookie" is an example of a(n):

answer

holophrase.

question

As early as 5 months old, babies seem to prefer:

answer

adults who engage in child-directed speech.

question

Which of the following positively correlates with early onset of the naming explosion?

answer

the mother's responsiveness to the child's language.

question

According to Chomsky's theory of language acquisition:

answer

Children have an inborn ability to learn language.

question

The language acquisition device (LAD) was proposed by Chomsky to explain:

answer

the universal inborn ability to learn language.

question

The idea that "multiple attentional, social and linguistic cues" contribute to early language learning supports the idea of:

answer

A hybrid theory of language learning.

question

How might games like "peek-a-boo" facilitate the mastery of conversation?

answer

teaches turn taking

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