Chapter 5 Terms Test Questions – Flashcards
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abrasion
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a scraping or rubbing away of skin or mucous membrane as a result of friction to the area.
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abscess
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a localized collection of pus in any part of the body
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alopecia
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partial or complete hair loss. May occur because of normal aging, a reaction to a medication such as anticancer medications, an endocrine disorder, or some skin disease.
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amputation
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the surgical removal of a part of the body or a limb or part of a limb; performed to treat recurrent infections or gangrene of a limb.
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blister
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a small thin-walled skin lesion containing clear fluid; a vesicle.
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boil
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a localized (in one spot) pus-producing infection originating deep in a hair follicle; a furuncle.
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bulla
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a large blister
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carbuncle
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a circumscribed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues that contains pus, which eventually discharges to the skin surface.
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cellulitis
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an acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, characterized by localized heat, deep redness, pain and swelling.
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blackhead
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also known as a comedo.
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cerumen
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Ear wax.
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ceruminous gland
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a modified sweat gland that lubricates the skin of the ear canal with a yellowish-brown waxy substance called cerumen (or ear wax).
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cicatrix
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A scar; the pale, firm tissue that forms in the healing of a wound.
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circumscribed
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confined to a limited space or well-defined area (as if a circle were drawn around it).
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contusion
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an injury to a part of the body without a break in the skin.
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corium
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The dermis; the layer of the skin just under the epidermis.
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cryosurgery
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A noninvasive (skin is not broken) treatment that uses subfreezing temperature to freeze and destroy the tissue.
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curettage
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The process of scraping material from the wall of a cavity or other surface for the purpose of removing abnormal tissue or unwanted material.
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cutaneous membrane
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another name for the skin.
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cyanosis
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a condition of a bluish discoloration of the skin
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debridement
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removal of debris, foreign objects, and damaged or necrotic (dead) tissue from a wound in order to prevent infection and to promote healing.
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dermatitis
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inflammation of the skin
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dermatology
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The study of the skin
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dermis
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The layer of skin immediately beneath the epidermis; also called the corium.
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diaphoresis
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Sweating
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Ecchymosis
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A bluish-black discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membrane called by an escape of blood into the tissues as a result of injury to the area: also known as a bruise.
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electrodesiccation
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A technique that uses an electrical spark to burn and destroy tissue; used primarily for the removal of surface lesions.
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epidermis
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The outermost layer of the skin.
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epithelium
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The tissue that covers the internal and external surfaces of the body.
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erythema
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Redness of the skin due to capillary dilatation. An example would be nervous blushing or a mild sunburn.
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erythremia
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An abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells.
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excoriation
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An injury to the surface of the skin caused by trauma, such as scratching or abrasions.
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exfoliation
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Peeling or sloughing off of tissue cells, as in peeling of the skin after a severe sunburn.
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fissure
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A cracklike sore or crack in the skin or mucous membrane.
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fistula
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An abnormal passageway between two tubular organs (e.g. rectum and vagina) or from an organ to the body surface
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furuncle
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A localized pus-producing infection originating deep in a hair follicle; also known as a boil.
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gangrene
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Death of tissue; most often involving the extremities, usually due to loss of blood supply.
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hair shaft
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The visible part of the hair.
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hemangioma
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A benign tumor that consists of a mass of blood vessels and has a reddish-purple color.
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hirsutism
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Excessive body hair in an adult male distribution pattern, occurring in women.
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hives
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Circumscribed, slightly elevated lesions of the skin that are paler in the center than its surrounding edges; Very itchy, also known as Urticaria or wheals.
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ichthyosis
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An inherited dermatological condition in which the skin is dry, hyperkeratotic (hardened), and fissured (cracked) --resembling fish scales
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integument
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Another name for the skin
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Integumentary System
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The body system consisting of the skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands.
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Keratin
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a hard fibrous protein found in the epidermis, hair, nails, enamel of the teeth, and horns of animals.
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laceration
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A tear in the skin. (from like a car accident or a accident in a kind of machinery.)
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Lanugo
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Soft, very fine hair that covers the body of the developing fetus; this hairy coating is almost completely gone by birth.
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Lesion
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Also known as a wound, sore, rash or boil; any visible damage to the tissues of the skin.
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lipocyte
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a fat cell
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lunula
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The crescent-shaped pale area at the base of the fingernail or toenail.
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macrophage
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A large phagocytic cell (cell that ingests microorganisms, other cells, and foreign particles) occurring in the walls of blood vessels and loose connective tissue;
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macule
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A small, flat discoloration of the skin that is neither raised nor depressed. example: a freckle
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melanin
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a black or dark pigment (produced by the melanocytes within the epidermis) that contributes color to the skin and helps to filter ultraviolet light.
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melanocytes
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Cells responsible for producing melanin.
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nail body
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The visible part of the nail.
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nodule
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A small, circumscribed swelling protruding above the skin.
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oil gland
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also called the sebaceous gland; One of the many small glands located in the dermis. Its secretions provide oil to the hair and surrounding skin.
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onychomycosis
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Any fungal infection of the nail.
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onychophagia
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Onycho-is the combining form for nail and phagia- means eating or biting. Onychophagia means biting of the nails.
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papule
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A small, solid, circumscribed elevation of the skin.
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pediculosis
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Infestation with lice.
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petechia
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small, pinpoint hemorrhages (bleeding) of the skin.
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polyp
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A small, stalk-like growth that protrudes upward or outward from a mucous membrane surface, for example, a nasal polyp or colon polyp.
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pores
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Openings of the skin through which substances such as water, salts, and some fatty substances are excreted.
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pressure ulcer
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An inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony prominence of the body, resulting from loss of blood supply and oxygen to the area due to prolonged pressure on the body part; also known as a decubitus ulcer or bed sore.
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pruritus
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itching
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pustule
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A small elevation of the skin filled with pus; a small abscess.
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sebaceous gland
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oil gland
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sebum
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The oily secretions of the sebaceous glands.
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skin tags
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A small, brownish or flesh colored outgrowth of skin occurring frequently on the neck.
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Stratified
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Layered; arranged in layers.
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Subcutaneous tissue
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The fatty layer of tissue located beneath the dermis.
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subungual hematoma
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A collection of blood beneath a nail bed, usually the result of trauma (injury).
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Sudoriferous gland
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A sweat gland. Hint: Look at the "or" in the middle of the word and let that remind you of odor.
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Vesicle
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A small thin-walled lesion containing a clear fluid; a blister.
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Xanthoderma
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Any yellow coloration of the skin.
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Xeroderma
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A chronic (long-standing) skin condition characterized by roughness and dryness.
