Chapter 5 (Gender) – Flashcards
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One's biological category, male or female, based on anatomy and physiology.
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Sex
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The recognition, or internalization, of a biological sex category.
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Sexual identity
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The social realization of biological sex.
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gender
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The identification with the social category boy/man or girl/woman.
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gender identity
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One's pattern of outward behavior in relation to common standards of a gender category.
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gender expression
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A condition in which a person's chromosomal composition doesn't correspond with his or her sexual anatomy at birth, or the anatomy is not clearly male or female.
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intersex
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A term to describe individuals whose gender identity does not match their assigned sex.
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transgender
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Neither exclusively masculine nor exclusively feminine.
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androgynous
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The process by which individuals internalize elements of the social structure, making those elements part of their own personality.
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socialization
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People in a similar social situation and of similar status with whom an individual interacts.
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peers
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The social expression of biological sex is
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gender
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The term for the biological category of male and female, based on anatomy and physiology, is
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sex
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Sex and gender are different in that
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gender refers to the social role based on one's categorical sex.
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When a person's chromosomal composition does not correspond with his or her sexual anatomy, it is known as
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intersex
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The situation in which one's gender identity and assigned sex do not match, perhaps leading to a feeling of being trapped in the wrong body, is known as
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transgender
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Transgender identities
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present a problem for societies like the United States that have a strictly two-gender system
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A gender approach in which one is neither exclusively masculine nor exclusively feminine is
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referred to as an androgynous approach
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Expectations for men's behavior compared to women's behavior
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support a narrow cultural view of masculinity.
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Which of the following is true about the ways that parents treat boys and girls differently?
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Mothers spend more time talking to daughters than they do to their sons.
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The process by which individuals internalize elements of the social structure, making them part of their own personality, is
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socialization
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People in a similar social situation and of similar status with whom an individual interacts are known as
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peers
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When it comes to occupational sex segregation
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job screeners might bring their preconceived ideas of gender to the applicant selection process.
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Compared to jobs dominated by men, jobs dominated by women
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have lower status and lower pay
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All are accurate statements about identity EXCEPT
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sexual and gender identities always match in adulthood.
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Which of the following strategies makes women appear to be the weaker sex?
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portraying husbands as taller than their wives
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When it comes to biological sex differences
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the physical sex differences in humans are small when compared with other species.
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The argument that current gender differences arose over time through evolution is most consistent with which perspective on gender?
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biological
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When researchers say that masculinity is socially constructed, they mean that
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there are different perspectives for what it means to be a man, depending on the setting.
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Which of the following is NOT supported by religious conservatives?
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women having greater authority than men in the home
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A primary explanation for the difference between female and male graduation rates in low-income neighborhoods is
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girls' close social connections encourage them to stay in school.
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One of the reasons the number of employed women increased rapidly after World War II was because
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women obtained more education and wanted to use their degrees
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A sexual identity is
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assigned to all children at birth.
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Gender differences are the product of social interaction that reflects men's dominant position relative to women. This statement is most consistent with which perspective on gender?
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feminist
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Which of the following is true about the school performance of boys and girls?
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Girls are less likely than boys to pursue careers in math and science.
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Which of the following concepts is illustrated by parents purchasing mostly pink items for their daughters
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gender socialization
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When it comes to sex selection of children, American parents
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most commonly prefer one child of each sex.
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All of the following are key agents in socializing people to the expected gender roles EXCEPT 1. parents and siblings 2. schoolteachers 3. legal systems 4. peer groups
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legal systems
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Because sex and gender are so closely linked, genetic predisposition affects the behaviors of men and women. This statement is most consistent with which perspective on gender?
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biological
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People "do gender" when they enact the social roles that conform to the commonly expected image for their sex. This statement is most consistent with which perspective on gender?
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symbolic interactionist
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The study of maleness mirrors that of whiteness in that
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males and whites were neglected in early research on structured oppression
