question

The average baby will grow ____ inches in his or her first year.

answer

10

question

A typical child at 24 months weighs about ___ pounds.

answer

28

question

The average North American newborn weighs ___ pounds at birth.

answer

7

question

The average newborn triples his weight by __.

answer

1 year

question

Children reach half their adult height by the age of __ years.

answer

2

question

Clara's weight is in the 30th percentile. This means that __ percent of all babies her age weight less than she does and __ percent of all babies her age weigh more than she does.

answer

30, 70

question

Jordan's weight is in the 50th percentile. This means that ___.

answer

he weighs 50 percent more than other hildren his age

question

A ___ is a ranking between 0 and 100 that compares children of the same age in order to determine whether a particular baby is growing well.

answer

percentile

question

Alma brought her 6 month old son to the doctor for a well baby visit. The doctor says that her son's weight is in the 20th percentile. What does this definitely mean?

answer

he is small compared to other 6-month-olds

question

Parents are told that their newborn is in the 90th percentile for height. This means that their child is ____.

answer

above average in height

question

The human body is equipped to protect the brain when malnutrition temporarily affects body growth. This protective feature is known as _____.

answer

head-sparing

question

A newborn's brain weight is ____ an adult's brain weight.

answer

25 percent of

question

Brain cells are called ____.

answer

Neurons

question

A basic nerve cell in the central nervous system is called ____.

answer

Neuron

question

Which statement describes the brain's cortex?

answer

It makes up the outer layers of the brain and id responsible for thinking, feeling, and sensing

question

The outer layers of the brain are referred to as ____.

answer

the cortex

question

The areas at the very front of the cortex ____.

answer

assist with impulse control

question

The last part of the brain to mature is

answer

prefrontal cortex

question

The area in the brain that plans, anticipates, and ontrols impulses is the ___ cortex

answer

prefrontal

question

Neurons in the brain that meet at "intersections" called

answer

synapse

question

Synapse are

answer

intersections where the axons of one neuron meet dendrites of another neuron

question

The function of neurotransmitters is to

answer

carry information from one neuron to another

question

Dendrite growth is the main reason that brain weight ___ from birth to the age of 12

answer

triples

question

Brain weight triples in size during the first two years of life primarily because of the growth of

answer

dendrites

question

From birth until age 2, dendrites in the cortex increase

answer

fivefold

question

The brain develops extremely quickly in the first few years, but not all of this growth is permanent. Due to its rapidity and temporary nature, this rapid brain growth is called

answer

transient exuberance

question

Transient exuberance is the

answer

rapid growth of dendrites during the first few years of life

question

The process through which unused dendrites atrophy and die is called

answer

pruning

question

Pruning is the process by which

answer

unused connections between neurons are eliminated

question

Trent is an infant who lacks the toys and videos that promote brain development. He spend much of his day in a playpen with kitchen items for toys, listening to his grandmother sing while his mother works outside the home. In this situtation, Trent's brain development will most likely

answer

proceed normally due to the self-righting tendency

question

A life threatening condition that occurs when infants are shaken back and forth sharply and quickly is called

answer

shaken baby syndrome

question

An abusive caregiver shakes an infant to get her to stop crying. The infant stops crying. Why?

answer

Blood vessels in her brain ruptured and neural connections break

question

Dominique was an infant with very few toys, but she concocted things to play with out of what was available in her home in order to develop her brain. This is an example of

answer

self-righting

question

The part of the brain that seems to be devotd to percieving faces is the

answer

fusiform face area

question

Children as young as ___ old exhibit signs of the own-race effect

answer

3-months

question

Research found that 3-year-olds ____ were better at recognizing differences in newborn faces

answer

with younger siblings

question

Approximately how many hours per day does the average newborn spend asleep?

answer

15 to 17

question

The dozing,half awake state often seen in newborns is called

answer

transitional sleep

question

Slow-wave sleep

answer

increases at about 3 or 4 months of age

question

The signs of REM sleep include flickering of the infant's

answer

closed eyes and rapid brain waves

question

Co-sleeping may be harmful to the baby if the mother

answer

is drugged or drunk

question

In addition to cultural influences, what is a compelling reason that causes parents to choose to co-sleep with their infant?

answer

Co-sleeping makes nighttime feedings easier

question

Twelve-month-old Emily has slept in her parents' bed since she was born. This custom is called

answer

co-sleeping

question

The process that first detects an external stimulus is

answer

sensation

question

Whenever the eyes, ears, tongue, skin, or mouth detect a stimulus a ___ hasoccured.

answer

sensation

question

You see a beautiful yellow flower while walking through a meadow. Your eyes seeing the flower is a matter of ___. Your brain determinaing that the flower is yellow is a matter of ____. Imagining how the flower will look in a vase would demonstrate ____.

answer

sensation, perception, cognition

question

The mental processing of sensory information is called

answer

perception

question

Thinking about something that has been perceived is

answer

cognition

question

At what point in development is the sense of hearing already quite acute?

answer

at birth

question

In terms of visual acuity, newborns

answer

are legally blind

question

The sense that is the least functional at birth is an infant's

answer

vision

question

The neonate's vision

answer

is clearest when objects are 4 to 30 inches away

question

By 3 months of age, babies lookclosely at the eyes and mouth when studing faces. This change in focus is due to

answer

improvements in visual scanning ability

question

Binocular vision refers to the ability to

answer

focus on an object with both eyes

question

Binocular vision appears between __ months of age

answer

2 and 4

question

Due to smell recognition, babies prefer to sleep

answer

nuzzled into their caregivers chest

question

Newborns' sense of touch allows them to

answer

be comforted by their caregiver

question

Gross motor skills are

answer

large movements

question

Large movements that corrdinate many parts of the body are known as ___ motor skills

answer

gross

question

Most infants are able to inch forward on their bellies by the age of ___ months

answer

5

question

On average, children begin to walk well at approxiamately __ of age.

answer

1 year

question

Between ___ months of age, most infants can lift their medsections and crawl on "all fours".

answer

8 and 10

question

Renee is concerned because her son is 13 months old and is starting to walk before learning to crawl. What advice would a pediatrician give to Renee?

answer

She should not be worried since some babies do not crawl

question

By ___ months of age, around 50 percent of babies can usually sit up unsupported.

answer

6

question

What three factors contribute to the ability to walk?

answer

muscle strength, brain maturation, practice

question

Aran's mother has been helping him to walk by holding his hands and supporting him. Aran's legs are string enough to hold him up, and he's able yo move his legs in a corrdinated way as long as his mother supports him. What else does Aran need in order to walk on his own?

answer

practice

question

Fine motor skills are

answer

small movements

question

When they are practicing walking, babies average between __ steps per hour

answer

500 and 1500

question

Small movements made by fingers and toes are known as ___ motor skills.

answer

fine

question

Fine motor skills are those that ____.

answer

require small body movements

question

Behvaiors that involve small body movements are known as ___ motor skills

answer

gross

question

Ann-Marie started walking when she was 10 months old; Cynthis is just beginning to take steps by herself at 13 months. Which conclusuon is MOST likely true?

answer

Both girls are developing normally

question

On average, which skill does an infant develop last>

answer

standing alone without holding on

question

On average, which skill does an infant develop first?

answer

walking well

question

Baby Sam can grab objects, but sometimes he closes his hand too early or too late. Sam is probably around ___ months old.

answer

4

question

Most babies learn to grasp and hold onto objects by about __ months old.

answer

6

question

Newborns perceive important experiences like breastfedding

answer

with dynamic sensory-motor systems

question

At least __ billion children were born between the years 1950 and 2010.

answer

5

question

Between 1950 and 2010, more than ___ children died before age 5.

answer

5

question

What is one effect of lower infant mortality rates?

answer

Mothers have fewer babies

question

Clean water, immunizations, and nourishing food have all had a drmatic impact on

answer

infant and child mortality

question

When the immune system is primed to resist a particular disease, the process is called

answer

immunization

question

For which illness is an immunization NOT available?

answer

malaria

question

The most leathal disease for children in the past was

answer

smallpox

question

When children are immunized, they contribute to the protection of others. This is referred to as

answer

herd immunity

question

A hypothesis that has been repeatedly disproved is that the MMR vaccine causes

answer

autism

question

___ is the thick, high-calorie fluid that is secreted by a new mother's breats in the days immeadiately following birth.

answer

breast milk

question

Breast milk

answer

provides antibodies to fight diseases

question

Why are breast-fed babies less likely to contract infectious diseases than bottle-fed babies?

answer

Breast milk contains antibodies

question

Studies comparing breast-feeding to bottle-feeding show that

answer

breastfed babies gave fewer allergies and stomach aches

question

In the United States, ___ percent of babies are breast fed at birth, and __ percent are breastfed at 6 months.

answer

75; 36

question

Shirley returned to full-time employment six weeks after her baby's birth. She exclusively breast fed during her maternity leave, and then pumped her breast milk when she returned to work. Now her baby is 3 months old and drinks formula when at daycare. Shirley wants to stop breast feeding. If you were a pediatric nurse, what would you say to her?

answer

She should keep breast feeding as long as possible since breast fed babies are less likely yo get sick

question

A child who is too short for his or her age due to severe malnutrition is suffering from a condition called

answer

stunting

question

When a child is more than two standard deviations underweight for his age, the child is suffering from a condition called

answer

wasting

question

Hasan is 2 years old and does not have enough food. As a result, he has unsual swelling in his face and abdomen, and thin, colorless hair. Hassan is suffering from

answer

kwashiorkor

question

Lyrissa lives in Africa. She is 9 months old and does not weight enough due to malnutrition, Her tissues are wasting away. Lyrissa suffers from

answer

marasmus

question

Based on research about SIDS, caregivers are advised that babies should be

answer

put to sleep on their backs

question

Susan Beal hypothesized that ____ played a role in SIDS deaths

answer

sleeping position

Chapter 5 Developmental Psychology – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards