Question 1

Freud found that dreams

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yielded valuable information concerning the nature of the person\'s conflicts and the mechanisms by which they are concealed from awareness.

Question 2

According to Freud, instincts have four basic components. They are

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source, aim, impetus, and object.

Question 3

The reaction of the patient to the therapist with the feelings and behavior previously shown toward earlier authority figures is called

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transference.

Question 4

The aspect of personality thought by Freud to be rooted in a person\'s biology and to consist primarily of unconscious sexual and aggressive instincts is the

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id

Question 5

The energy associated with the life instincts is called

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libido

Question 6

In Freud\'s judgment, instincts are

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changeable

Question 7

The aspect of personality that is responsible for appropriate interaction with the environment is the

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ego

Question 8

The ego defense mechanism that involves unconscious attempts to keep undesirable id impulses from reaching consciousness is

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repression

Question 9

The ego defense mechanism involving the person\'s refusal to perceive an unpleasant event in external reality is

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denial

Question 10

The ego defense mechanism that involves the substitution of acceptable ideas for unacceptable ones is called

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displacement

Question 11

The ego defense mechanism that involves the transformation of unacceptable impulses into creative and socially acceptable ones is called

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sublimation

Question 12

The defense mechanism wherein a person protects his or her ego by attributing his or her own undesirable characteristics to others is called

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projection

Question 13

The defense mechanism involving the conversion of an undesirable impulse into its opposite is called

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reaction formation

Question 14

The defense mechanism that involves the justification of one\'s behavior through the use of plausible, but inaccurate, excuses is called

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rationalization

Question 15

The defense mechanism that allows the person to protect himself or herself against unbearable pain by using dissociations between thoughts and feelings is called

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intellectualization

Question 16

The defense mechanism in which a person who thinks or acts on an undesirable impulse makes amends by performing an action that nullifies the undesirable action is called

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undoing

Question 17

The defense mechanism involving the use of contradictory behaviors to gain some satisfaction for an undesirable impulse is called

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compromise formation

Question 18

The aspect of personality that concerns the learning of the values and ideals of society is the

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superego

Question 19

The state of psychosexual development wherein one is practically all id and cannot distinguish between the self and the environment is the

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oral stage

Question 20

The stage of development wherein the ego processes are being differentiated from the id, along with the assertion of independence, is called the

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anal stage

Question 21

The stage during which the superego develops as an outgrowth of the resolution of the Oedipus complex during which the values of parents and their attitudes toward society are internalized is called the

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phallic stage

Question 22

The stage during which sexual energy is sublimated or channeled into other pursuits is called the

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latency stage

Question 23

The stage wherein one makes satisfactory adjustments in love and work is called the

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genital stage

Question 24

Bornstein argues that therapists trained in classical psychoanalysis should abandon the concept of

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free association

Question 25

The character type described as exceptionally stingy, orderly, and obstinate is the

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anal character

Question 26

The character type described as reacting to castration anxiety by behaving recklessly, resolutely, and in a self-assured manner is the

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phallic character

Question 27

The character type described as having modified socially unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable ones by finding satisfying careers and performing creatively is the

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genital character

Question 28

The \"Rat-Man\" involved the case of a young man who was

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obsessive-compulsive

Question 29

In Freudian theory, feelings of sexual pleasure that have their source in the individual\'s control over expulsion and retention of feces involve

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anal eroticism

Question 30

Freud\'s theory

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is very comprehensive

Question 31

Freud called people who were sexually mature and capable of orgasm

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genital characters

Question 32

Freud maintained that the ego

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comes into existence to forward the aims of the id

Question 33

The superego has two components, according to Freud

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ego-ideal and conscience

Question 34

The ego-ideal functions to

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aid the individual as he/she strives for perfection in certain areas of life

Question 35

The Oedipal conflict is strongest during the

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phallic stage

Question 36

According to Freud, men have a more highly developed sense of ethics and justice than women because

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the resolution of the Oedipal conflict is more definite and clear cut in men than in women

Question 37

A study by Tribich and Messer showed the greatest conformity behavior (to a psychiatrist\'s influence attempts) by

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oral characters

Question 38

Freud\'s theory

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fails to meet the parsimony criterion

Question 39

The defense mechanism that involves the conscious blocking of unpleasant memories from awareness is called

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suppression

Question 40

A driving force that attaches itself to an idea or behavior is called a(n)

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cathexis

Question 41

In Freudian theory, the phenomenon in which the patient redirects unconscious feelings of anger and hostility based on conflicts with authority figures in early childhood toward the therapist is called

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negative transference

Question 42

Research by Masling, Price, Goldband, and Katkin showed that oral types experienced aversive arousal when

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socially isolated

Question 43

Research by Masling, O\'Neill, and Katkin on high oral types found that

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they experienced more stress in an interaction with an impersonal individual than in an interaction with a warm, personal individual

Question 44

Research by Juni, Masling, and Brannon on high oral types found that

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people high in orality used greater physical contact as a means of helping others solve a problem than people low in orality

Question 45

Eysenck\'s data on the effectiveness of psychoanalytic therapy showed that

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72% of patients who were not treated by means of any formal therapy were much improved or cured within 2 years of the onset of their illness

Question 46

When Jerome never pays for anyone else\'s dinner and yet criticizes others for being stingy for not paying his dinner bill, he is using the defense mechanism of

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projection

Question 47

Anxiety is a highly unpleasant state that signals danger to the

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ego

Question 48

Researchers have consistently found that orally dependent people

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are more interpersonally sensitive and likely to ask for help from others when they have problems

Question 49

The punitive aspect of the superego is the

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conscience

Question 50

The adult characterized by envy and suspiciousness is called a(n)

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oral aggressive character

Question 51

The death instinct is called

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thanatos

Question 52

Slips of the tongue are called

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parapraxes

Question 53

For Freud, the major derivative of the death instinct is

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aggression

Question 54

For Freud, the restraining forces located in the ego are called

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anticathexes

Question 55

In Freud\'s view, the phallic stage occurs during the

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fourth and fifth years

Question 56

The emotional cleansing that occurs when a person vents his emotions and feelings is called

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catharsis

Question 57

Freud began to use free association with his patients when he learned that

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he could not hypnotize many of them

Question 58

If Jim continually boasts of his many female \"conquests\", a Freudian might argue that he has not resolved conflicts that originated in the

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phallic stage

Question 59

If Harry continually looks to others to help him solve his problems, he is likely to have unresolved conflicts with origins in the

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oral stage

Question 60

If Sam cannot vent his anger on his boss, he may then vent it on his dog. This behavior probably reflects

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displacement

Question 61

The ____________________ principle maintains that people always strive to maximize pleasure and minimize pain.

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pleasure

Question 62

For Freud, control of our impulses becomes possible when the ____________________ is differentiated from the id.

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ego

Question 63

____________________ is the construct Freud used to describe the individual\'s internalization of societal values.

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Superego

Question 64

____________________ is an attempt by the ego to keep undesirable id impulses from reaching consciousness.

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Repression

Chapter 2 – Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory – Flashcards

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