Chapter 14 and 15 AP World – Flashcards
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Along with China, what other two empires are considered the anchors of the postclassical world?
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Byzantium and the Abbasid Empire
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The nomads from the north of China proved the greatest threat to the demise of which Chinese dynasty?
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Song
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Why was the Grand Canal such an essential part of China's economic health?
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it was a practical and economic way to transport foods like rice from the Yangzi River valley to residents of northern regions
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The maintenance of transportation and communication networks, the distribution of land according to the equal-field system, and the reliance on a bureaucracy of merit are reasons of which dynasty succeeded?
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Tang
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Why did the Chinese continue to use block printing rather than move toward using moveable type developed during the eleventh century?
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Chinese written language is based on more than 40,000 characters, so moving individual ideographs within each document was too time consuming
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Why was Buddhism especially supportive of printing technology?
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copying and distribution of sacred text was considered a highly meritorious act (especially in Japan)
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In the eleventh century, why did the Chinese government choose to restrict the private production of paper money and assume it as a duty of government?
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The Chinese government wanted to preserve the convenience of paper money, but to reduce problems caused by forgery and inadequate currency backing
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How did the fall of the Han Dynasty encourage the introduction of new, non-Chinese religions into China?
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The Confucian tradition lost credibility after the fall of the Han, and the era of warlords and nomadic invaders promoted the spread of foreign religions into China
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Which of the following was NOT a result of Chinese interaction with Vietnamese culture?
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Vietnamese women lost their traditional domination of local and regional markets as a result of China's powerful patriarchal tradition
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During which period in Japanese history was Chinese influence most profound?
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Nara Period
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Why was economic expansion during the Chinese Tang and Song dynasties linked to military expansion?
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Military expansion into Vietnam introduced the Chinese to faster-growing rice
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Why was the outcome of military expansion into Vietnam introducing Chinese fast-growing rice?
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made it possible to grow two rice crops a year in southern China
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The ritual of the kowtow was significant throughout east and central Asia for reasons EXCEPT?
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it established Chinese control in the subordinate lands
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The development of gunpowder in China began...?
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as Daoists alchemists sought to discover an elixir to prolong life
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when did Tang Taizong of the Tang Dynasty rule?
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627-649 CE
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Who was murdered by his own generals in 757?
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An Lushan
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What Tang emperor pillaged his wealth and distributed a portion of his plunder among the poor? When did he reign?
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Huang Chao; 875-884
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When did the Song Dynasty take rule?
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960-1279 CE
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How did the rapid population growth of Tang and Song China reflect both the productivity of the agricultural economy and the well-organized distribution of food?
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Through transportation networks built during Sui and Tang times
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Who was the most popular poet during the Tang era?
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Li Bai (701-761)
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What is the tradition of Li Bai?
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he was drunk and died by drowning when he fell out of a boat while attempting to embrace the moon's reflection in the water
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Who did the Song Dynasty share a border with until 1279?
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Jin Empire
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Give one result of increased food production.
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emergence of a commercialized agricultural economy
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When did the Qing dynasty come into rule?
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1644-1911 CE
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Who was Zhu Xi?
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a philosopher who was the most important representative of Song neo-Confucianism
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How does Neo-Confucianism rank as an important cultural development?
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1) illustrates the deep influence of Buddhism in Chinese society. Even though the neo-Confucians rejected Buddhist religious teachings, their writings adapted Buddhist themes and reasoning to Confucian interests and values. 2)neo-Confucianism influenced east Asian thought over a long term.
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In what two periods did japan develop a decentralized political order in which provincial lords wielded effective power and authority in local regions where they controlled land and economic affairs?
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Kamakura (1185-1333) and Muromachi (1336-1573)
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What was the second state that dominated much of southern India?
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Kingdom of Vijayanagar
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What did Harsha begin during his reign?
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social welfare by distributing wealth to all classes and religious toleration
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What kingdom proved that Hindu and Islam can coexist in India if each recognize the profit of the other?
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Vijayanagar
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When and how did the Gupta Empire collapse?
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451 CE ; by four huns
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When was the zenith of Sultanate of Delhi and what happened after that?
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1300 CE; continued ruling until 1526
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What is the sultanate of Delhi?
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established as an Islamic state
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Who was the leader of the Islamic Turks?
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Mahmud of Ghazni
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How does Angkor first start out? What does it eventually turn into?
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Hinduism; then starts to mix with Buddhism, but died out after 1431
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When Islam expands from Southwest India to Sumatra and Java, why is popular during this time?
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1) it was easier for other people to trade with them (Islam) 2) Religious toleration 3)allows for them to maintain political control
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When Islam expands from Southwest India to Sumatra and Java, what was the restriction?
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couldn't penetrate interior and only cities had the control
