Chapter 13 American History – Flashcards
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Great Plains
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the grassland extending through the west-central portion of the United States
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Treaty of Fort Laramie
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agreement in which the Sioux agreed to live on a reservation along with Missouri River
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Sitting Bull
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leader of the Hunkpapa Sioux
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George Custer
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reported that the Black Hills had gold "from the grass roots down"
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assimilation
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a plan under which Native Americans would give up their beliefs and way of life and become part of the white culture
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Dawes Act
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passed by Congress to "Americanize" the Native Americans; broke up reservations and gave some of the reservation land to individual Native Americans
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Battle of Wounded Knee
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conflict between the Native Americans and settlers in which a large number of Indians were forced to give up all their weapons and then they were slaughtered
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longhorn
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sturdy, short-tempered breeds that were accustomed to the dry grasslands of southern Spain
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Chisholm Trail
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the major cattle route from San Antonio, Texas through Oklahoma to Kansas
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long drive
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the over land transport of animals that normally lasted about three months
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Homestead Act
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passed by Congress and offered 160 acres of land free to any citizen or intended citizen who was head of a household
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exoduster
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African Americans who moved from the post-Reconstruction South to Kansas
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soddy
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freestanding house made by stacking blocks of prairie turf; they were warm in the winter and cool in the summer
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Morrill Act
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gave federal land to the states to help finance agricultural colleges
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bonanza farm
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enormous single-crop spreads created by railroad companies and investors
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Oliver Hudson Kelley
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started the Patrons of Husbandry, an organization for farmers
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Grange
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organization for farmers; purpose was to provide a social outlet and an educational forum for isolated farm families
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Farmers' Alliances
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included many people who sympathized farmers; sent lecturers from town to town to educate people about topics such as lower interest rates on loans and government control over railroads and banks
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Populism
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political movement demanding that people have a greater voice in government and seeking to advance the interests of farmers and laborers
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bimetallism
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the use of both gold and silver as a basis for a national monetary system
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gold standard
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a monetary system in which the basic unit of currency is defined in terms of a set amount of gold
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William McKinley
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candidate for the Republican Party for the 1896 election
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William Jennings Bryan
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delivered an impassioned address to the assembled delegates at the Democratic convention
