Test Answers on Chapter 11 Review – Flashcards

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question
What is a goal of renal therapy?
answer
reestablishing an appropriate intravascular volume, restricting fluids in volume-over load patients, treating underlying fluid, electrolyte or pH problems
question
What is an advantage of mycophenolate?
answer
it comes in IV form
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Which class of diuretics should be prescribed with caution to patients on ACE inhibitors?
answer
potassium-sparing
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What is the first oral therapy for interstitial cystitis?
answer
pentosan polysulfate sodium (Elmiron)
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What is something that prescribers sometimes recommend for patients taking methenamine?
answer
cranberry juice
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What might be a sign of stage 2 renal disease?
answer
nocturia
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What hormone is diminished in patients with anemia due to renal failure?
answer
erthropoietin
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In which stage of renal disease do patients sometimes experience anorexia?
answer
chronic renal insufficiency (stage 3)
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What is a sing that inhibiting substances are being removed by dialysis?
answer
rise in hematocrit
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In which stage does the patient develop uremia?
answer
chronic renal insufficiency (stage 3)
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What is the trade name for losartan-HCTZ?
answer
Hyzaar
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furosemide
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Lasix
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Osmitrol
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mannitol
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darbepoetin alfa
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Aranesp
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propantheline
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Pro-Banthine
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In which part of the urine-producing process are filtered substances selectively pulled back into the blood?
answer
reabsorption
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What are the process of urine production?
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filtration, re absorption, secretion
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What do the kidneys regulate?
answer
the volume of the blood plasma, the concentration of waste products in the blood, the concentration of electrolytes, the plasma acid-base balance
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What term is used to describe the working unit of the kidney?
answer
nephron
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Prerenal events involve____ fluid volume problems other than those caused by the kidneys. Intrarenal events involve changes______ the kidney. Postrenal events occur in structures _______ the kidney.
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Body, inside, below
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What is the function of the ureter?
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to conduct urine from the kidneys to the bladder
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Name some antibiotics (or combinations) that may be used to treat urinary tract infections (UTI's)
answer
amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, methenamine, nitrofurantoin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim
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Which agent for urinary tract problems is available OTC?
answer
phenazopyridine (Azo-Standard, Uristat)
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Which groups has the highest incidence of urinary tract infections?
answer
sexually active women
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What word is used to describe a urinary tract infection of the upper tract?
answer
pyelonephritis
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What does the BPH stand for?
answer
benign prostatic hyperplasia
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What class of drugs is commonly used to treat BPH?
answer
Alpha Blockers
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What drug is used to treat several conditions in this chapter and should not be handled by pregnant women?
answer
Proscar
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BPH becomes a problem when....
answer
urine flow from the bladder is obstructed
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Which drugs currently approved for treating symptomatic prostate cancer when used in conjuction with a lutenizing hormone blocker such as leuprolide or goserelin?
answer
flutamide (Eulexin)
question
Which drug is a subcutaneous implant in the abdomen every twenty eight days or three months depending on the dose?
answer
Zoladex (goserelin)
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