Test Answers on Chapter 11 Review – Flashcards
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What is a goal of renal therapy?
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reestablishing an appropriate intravascular volume, restricting fluids in volume-over load patients, treating underlying fluid, electrolyte or pH problems
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What is an advantage of mycophenolate?
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it comes in IV form
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Which class of diuretics should be prescribed with caution to patients on ACE inhibitors?
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potassium-sparing
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What is the first oral therapy for interstitial cystitis?
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pentosan polysulfate sodium (Elmiron)
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What is something that prescribers sometimes recommend for patients taking methenamine?
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cranberry juice
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What might be a sign of stage 2 renal disease?
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nocturia
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What hormone is diminished in patients with anemia due to renal failure?
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erthropoietin
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In which stage of renal disease do patients sometimes experience anorexia?
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chronic renal insufficiency (stage 3)
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What is a sing that inhibiting substances are being removed by dialysis?
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rise in hematocrit
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In which stage does the patient develop uremia?
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chronic renal insufficiency (stage 3)
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What is the trade name for losartan-HCTZ?
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Hyzaar
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furosemide
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Lasix
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Osmitrol
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mannitol
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darbepoetin alfa
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Aranesp
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propantheline
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Pro-Banthine
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In which part of the urine-producing process are filtered substances selectively pulled back into the blood?
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reabsorption
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What are the process of urine production?
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filtration, re absorption, secretion
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What do the kidneys regulate?
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the volume of the blood plasma, the concentration of waste products in the blood, the concentration of electrolytes, the plasma acid-base balance
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What term is used to describe the working unit of the kidney?
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nephron
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Prerenal events involve____ fluid volume problems other than those caused by the kidneys. Intrarenal events involve changes______ the kidney. Postrenal events occur in structures _______ the kidney.
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Body, inside, below
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What is the function of the ureter?
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to conduct urine from the kidneys to the bladder
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Name some antibiotics (or combinations) that may be used to treat urinary tract infections (UTI's)
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amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, methenamine, nitrofurantoin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim
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Which agent for urinary tract problems is available OTC?
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phenazopyridine (Azo-Standard, Uristat)
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Which groups has the highest incidence of urinary tract infections?
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sexually active women
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What word is used to describe a urinary tract infection of the upper tract?
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pyelonephritis
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What does the BPH stand for?
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benign prostatic hyperplasia
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What class of drugs is commonly used to treat BPH?
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Alpha Blockers
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What drug is used to treat several conditions in this chapter and should not be handled by pregnant women?
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Proscar
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BPH becomes a problem when....
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urine flow from the bladder is obstructed
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Which drugs currently approved for treating symptomatic prostate cancer when used in conjuction with a lutenizing hormone blocker such as leuprolide or goserelin?
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flutamide (Eulexin)
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Which drug is a subcutaneous implant in the abdomen every twenty eight days or three months depending on the dose?
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Zoladex (goserelin)
