Chapter #10 – Section 2: Mendelian Genetics – Flashcards
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heredity
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The passing of traits to the next generation -Inheritance
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gregor mendel
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Father of genetics
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self-fertilization
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The fusion of a male and female gamete in the same flower
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recessive allele
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Type of allele that is hidden by the expression of the other phenotype
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dominant allele
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Type of allele that is visible by the expression of the other phenotype
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cross-pollination
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To breed one plant with another
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gametes
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Male and female sex cells
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true-breeding
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To consistently produce offspring with only one form of a trait
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genetics
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The science of heredity
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allele
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An alternative form of a single gene passed from generation to generation
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homozygous
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An organism with two of the same alleles for a particular trait
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heterozygous
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An organism with two different alleles for a particular trait
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genotype
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An organism's allele pairs (Ex: RR and Rr)
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phenotype
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The observable characteristic or outward expression of an allele pair (yellow or round)
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law of segregation
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Law in which two alleles for each trait separate during meiosis
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monohybrid cross
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A cross that involves hybrids for a single trait
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law of independent assortment
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Law in which a random distribution of alleles occurs during gamete formation
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hybrid
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Another word for heterozygous organism
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punnett square
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Item used to predict the possible offspring of a cross between two (or more) known genotypes
