Chapter 10 – Laws, Courts, and Justice – Flashcards
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Which scientific development has shown that some persons sentenced to death actually did not commit the crime?
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DNA testing
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A court that hears and decides cases tried for the first time has...
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original jurisdiction
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The court that requires no qualifications to be a judge is a...
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Justice of the Peace
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Of the judges of local courts, which must be an attorney licensed to practice law in Texas?
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County court at law judge
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The duty of a coroner's office in Texas is to...
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determine the cause of death in certain circumstances
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An operator of an automobile repair shop cannot collect a bill of $426.42 from a customer. Where would the most convenient place be for the operator to sue to recover his money?
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Justice of the peace court
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The Texas Constitution and state law grant the government the authority to take a person's life, property, and liberty...
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under appropriate circumstances
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The function of small claims courts in Texas is mainly performed by...
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justices of the peace
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The validity of a contested will is decided by a...
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probate court
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State district courts have civil jurisdiction in all the following instances, except...
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municipal ordinances
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Which of the following courts mainly exercises original jurisdiction?
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State District Courts
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The type of case appealed directly to the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals is that of a...
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Capital felony conviction with imposed death sentence
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Texas is divided into ______ appeals court districts?
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14
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Which of the following courts lacks criminal jurisdiction?
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Texas Supreme Court
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Disputes concerning business contracts, divorce, family matters and personal injury involve...
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civil law
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The Texas Supreme Court would not hear an appeal if the...
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case involved a school bond election
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In Texas, nearly all judges are chosen by a...
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partisan election
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The short-term method for relieving overcrowded court dockets in Texas is to...
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bring in a temporary judge or use an ADR
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A citizen who believes an attorney has behaved unethically while representing him or her should file a complaint with the...
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Commission on judicial conduct
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The Texas Supreme Court does all the following, except...
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fill vacancies in state district courts when they arise
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To be a practicing attorney in the State of Texas, a lawyer must be...
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a member of the State Bar of Texas
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The State Bar of Texas performs all the following functions, except...
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Rate and publish the qualifications of lawyers
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The term misdemeanor refers to a...
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crime less serious than a felony
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A lawyer's compensation based on a percentage of a winning lawsuit is known as a...
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contingency fee
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Petit or trial juries in Texas are composed of __________ members.
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either six or twelve
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Grand juries in Texas are composed of __________ members.
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twelve
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Indictments are prepared in grand jury proceedings if at least _________ members decide that there is enough evidence to warrant a trial.
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nine
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The instrument that formally accuses a person of having committed a high felony and orders that person to trial is a(n)...
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indictment
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Qualifications for serving on a trial jury in Texas include all the following except...
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be able to read and write English.
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The process by which attorneys question potential jurors is called...
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voir dire
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A case involving a business contract falls under which branch of law?
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Civil
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The minimum sentence for a capital felony is...
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life without parole
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What are the stated purposes for which Texas imprisons felons?
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To punish, rehabilitate and isolate offenders, and deter crime
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According to statistics compiled by the Texas Department of Criminal Justice, two characteristics shared by inmates in state prisons are...
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poor education levels and substance abuse
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Rehabilitation of Texas prison inmates is most likely to be successful if the inmate...
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Goes through the state release procedures
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Law made by legislative bodies is called...
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statutory law
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What is the mission of the Texas Commission on Jail Standards?
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To enforce minimum health and safety requirements for county jails
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County jails are employed for all of the following purposes in Texas except to...
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confine persons who are unable to pay their civil debts
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Juvenile courts are considered __________ rather than criminal courts.
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civil courts
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The term adjudication hearing refers to __________ in juvenile law.
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a trial
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Both TDCJ and TYC collect DNA samples of all inmates convicted of a...
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felony offense
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The agency created to investigate complaints regarding faulty evidence in a criminal case is the...
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Texas Forensic Science Commission
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Wrongful imprisonment by the state in Texas...
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has been shown to be a possibility
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A collection of laws relating to the same subject and presented in an organized manner is called a(n)...
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code
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A court that has specific authority to decide a particular type of case has...
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exclusive jurisdiction
