question

One reason for the decline of American workers' productivity during the 1970s was

answer

the general shift in the economy from manufacturing to services

question

By the early 1970s, the post WWII economic boom had crested as a result of

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a decline in the competitive advantage of American business, the Vietnam War and a slump in productivity

question

The high inflation rate of the 1970s stemmed primarily from

answer

spending on social-welfare programs and the Vietnam War

question

The Nixon Doctrine

answer

honored its existing defense commitment, but that in the future its allies would have to fight their own wars without large numbers of American troops

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Nixon's most valuable asset as he began his Presidency was

answer

his expertise in foreign policy

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Nixon's Vietnamization called for

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a gradual withdrawal of all American armed forces from Vietnam

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Nixon's Vietnam policy included

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Vietnamization, extension of the war to Cambodia, massive bombing campaigns in Vietnam

question

American forces in Vietnam consisted mostly

answer

the least privileged young Americans

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The 26th amendment

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lowered the voting age to 18

question

The Pentagon Papers exposed

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the deception that had led the US into the Vietnam War when published in 1971

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Nixon's chief foreign policy advisor was

answer

Henry Kissinger

question

Nixon's policy of détente

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ushered in an era of relaxed tensions between the US and China and Soviet Union

question

The decisions of the Warren court was

answer

a reflection of the deep concern for the individual

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In Griswold v. Connecticut the Supreme Court upheld a married couple's right to use contraceptives based

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on the right to privacy

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Critics of the Warren Court complained that the Court was

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rewriting the constitution at the expense of states' rights

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When it came to welfare programs

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, Nixon supported significant expansion in many areas

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Nixon's Philadelphia Plan required construction trade unions to

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establish timetables and goals for hiring black apprentices.

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The difference between LBJ's affirmative action programs and Nxson's was

answer

that Johnson intended to help individuals, but Nixon conferred privileges on groups

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EPA, Supplemental Social Security Income for the blind, disabled, and indigent aged and the Occupational Health and Safety Administration

answer

are legacies of Nixon's administration

question

To control creeping inflation Nixon in the early 1970's

answer

imposed a ninety day wage and price freeze

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George McGovern alienated the traditional working class backbone of the Democratic party by

answer

appealing to racial minorities, feminists and youth

question

McGovern's campaign appealed most strongly to

answer

the antiwar movement

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The Watergate scandals involved

answer

obstruction of justice, use of the IRS to harass political opponents, and the illegal use of the FBI and CIA

question

As part of the cease-fire agreement in Vietnam in1973

answer

the US was to withdraw al its troops from Vietnam

question

VP Spiro Agnew was forced to resign in 1973 for

answer

accepting bribes

question

During the senate hearings one of the most damaging revelations for Nixon was that

answer

his conversations in person and on the telephone had been recorded on tape

question

The 1973 War Powers Act required the President to

answer

report to Congress any commitment of American troops

question

As of result of the aerial bombing of neutral Cambodia in 1973

answer

the Cambodian economy was ruined and its politics revolutionized

question

As a result of US support for Israel in 1973 when it was attacked by Egypt and Syria

answer

Arab nations placed an embargo on oil to America

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In an effort to counter OPEC,

answer

the US took the lead in forming the International Energy Agency

question

Nixon tried to resist giving his taped conversations to the special prosecutor and the Congress by claiming that

answer

he had executive privilege (confidentiality)

question

Ford explained that his pardon of Nixon had been motivated by

answer

a desire to end Nixon's private agony, heal the wounds in the American political system, and allow the country to get on with its business

question

Helsinki accords, signed by Ford and 34 other nations

answer

pledged signatories to guarantee certain basic human rights

question

The people of the US provided South Vietnam

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the most sophisticated aircraft, enough time to win and enough money to build its own military

question

In the Vietnam Conflict the US

answer

lost respect in the eyes of foreigners, confidence in its military prowess and economic power

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Jimmy Carter enjoyed considerable popularity as he entered the Presidency because

answer

he was perceived as fundamentally honest

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After the war Vietnamese immigrants resettling in the US were

answer

sent to assimilation camps, where they received training in English, orders forbidding their children to speak their native language, immersion in American slang

question

During their process of assimilation into American society, many Vietnamese refugees

answer

resented what they saw as the US government's attempt to strip them of their culture

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The guiding principle of Carter's foreign policy was

answer

human rights

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Carter's greatest achievement in foreign policy was

answer

was the Camp David agreement between Israel and Egypt

question

Carter believed that the fundamental problem of the American economy in the late 1970's was

answer

US dependence on foreign oil

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The SALT II Treaty between the US and USSR

answer

died in the Senate when the Soviets invaded Afghanistan

question

Boycotting the 1980 Olympic Games was one measure taken by Carter in response to

answer

the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan

question

List these events in order: Arab oil embargo, Fall of Saigon, Iranian Hostage Crisis, invasion of Afghanistan

answer

Arab oil embargo, Fall of Saigon, Iranian Hostage Crisis, invasion of Afghanistan

question

In the 1980 national elections Edward Kennedy

answer

challenged incumbent President Carter for the nomination of the Democratic party

question

Liberal Democrats complained that Carter had

answer

removed regulatory controls from major industries

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Edward Kennedy's campaign to take the presidential nomination away for Carter in 1980 was handicapped by

answer

lingering suspicions about his involvement in an auto accident in which a young woman was killed

question

In the 1974 Supreme Court decision, Milliken v Bradley resulted in

answer

continued "white flight" to the suburbs

question

The "new right" movement that helped to elect Reagan was spearheaded by

answer

evangelical Christians

question

Many "new right" activists were most concerned about

answer

cultural or social issues

question

Of all social issues, the most politically explosive for the "new right" was

answer

race

question

The neoconservatives of the 1980's believed in

answer

free market capitalism, a return to traditional values of individualism and the centrality of the family, and fewer government restraints on the economy

question

In the Bakke case, the Supreme Court decided that preference in the admission policies of institutions of higher education could not be

answer

based on ethnic or racial identity alone

question

Reagan was similar to FDR in that both men

answer

championed the "common man" against vast impersonal menaces

question

Reagan began to abandon his liberal New Deal political philosophy and to espouse a conservative, antigovernment line when

answer

he became a spokesman for General Electric

question

The "Sagebrush Rebellion" was

answer

a fiercely anti-Washington movement that had sprung up to protest federal control over rich mineral and timber resources in the western states

question

Carter's greatest weakness as President was

answer

his lack of managerial talent

question

Reagan planned to reduce the size of government by

answer

shrinking the federal budget and lowering taxes

question

Conservative Democrats who helped Reagan to pass his budge and tax-cutting legislation were called

answer

boll weevils

question

Reagan's major goal as President was to

answer

reduce the size of the federal government

question

Reagan's "supply-side" economic advisers assured him that

answer

the combination of budgetary discipline and tax reduction would stimulate new investment, boost productivity and foster dramatic economic growth

question

Reagan did cut

answer

taxes

question

The immediate consequence of Reagan's new economic policies was

answer

a deep though temporary economic recession

question

In the 1980's for the first time in the 20th century,

answer

income gaps widened between the richest and the poorest Americans

question

Some economists believe that the economic upturn in the 1980's was

answer

the massive military expenditures

question

To Reagan, "the focus of evil in the modern world" was

answer

the Soviet Union

question

Reagan's "Star Wars" program altered the decades-long trend in thinking about nuclear weapons because

answer

it emphasized defense against a nuclear attack as the most effective form of nuclear capability

question

"Solidarity" was

answer

a massive working class labor union of Polish dissidents

question

Israel badly strained its bonds of friendship with the US by

answer

allowing new settlements to be established in the occupied territory of the West Bank

question

In 1983 Reagan sent US marines to Lebanon as part of

answer

an international peacekeeping forces, many of whom died in a terrorist attack

question

Reagan came to be labeled the "Teflon president" because

answer

he seemed always to avoid blame for failed policies

question

US invaded Grenada during

answer

Reagan's administration

question

Foreign policy dominated Reagan's

answer

second administration

question

Geraldine Ferraro was

answer

first woman to receive the vice-presidential nomination of a major political party

question

For the Soviet Union's new policies of glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) to work, it was essential that

answer

the Cold War end

question

The Iran-contra investigations revealed Reagan

answer

a president who napped through cabinet meetings

question

The greatest increase in the national debt occurred

answer

during Reagan's 8 years in office

question

In 1986 Congress passed legislation mandating

answer

a balanced budget by 1991

question

Reagan's highest political objective as president was

answer

the containment of the welfare state

question

Sandra Day O'Connor was

answer

the first woman appointed to the US Supreme Court

question

In response to China's crushing of its prodemocracy movement, the US under Bush

answer

maintained normal relations with China

question

As a consequence of the demise of the Soviet Union

answer

long suppressed ethnic and racial hatreds flared in the former Soviet republics

question

All of the following issues in the 1992 political campaign revealed popular disgust with the incumbents

answer

on the intractable budgetary crisis, the stagnant economy, and the revelation that many House members had written bad checks from their accounts in a private House "bank"

question

Modern conservatism springs from

answer

a disapproval of priorities and strategies from the Great Society

question

The US pioneered the techniques of

answer

mass democracy

question

Much of the world seemed to emulate the icons of American youth culture to include

answer

blue jeans, rock music, and soft drinks like Coca-Cola

question

The leading firm in the shift to the economy of mass consumerism was

answer

General Motors

question

Occupations that the new communication tools threaten to wipe out

answer

teachers, postal delivery people, and bank tellers

question

During the past two decades, the gap between the rich and the poor in the US

answer

widened

question

That gap between rich and poor widened in the 1980s and 1990s because of

answer

intensifying global economic competition, the decline of unions, and the growth of part time and temporary work

question

The group most profoundly affected by the great economic changes of the late 20th century was

answer

Hispanics

question

By the 1990s one of the most astonishing trends for women in the job market was the

answer

employment of mothers

question

Despite numerous victories, feminists during the 1980s continued to be frustrated for reasons to include

answer

the percentage of women physicians in America remained low, women generally were paid less than men for performing corresponding jobs and women remained concentrated in traditionally "feminine" occupations

question

One reason that women remained in low-skill, low-prestige, and low paying occupations was that

answer

they bore more of the burdens of parenthood than men

question

By the 1990s the traditional family unit was disintegrating because

answer

the divorce rate had increased, the number of single parent households had risen and "parent substitutes" had assumed the role of child rearing

question

By the 1990s the trend for people living in poverty showed

answer

a decrease for those over 65

question

The money used to provide Social Security payments to retirees comes from

answer

Social Security taxes paid by current workers

question

In terms of immigration patterns, the 1980s and 1990s witnessed

answer

the heaviest influx of immigrants in America's experience

question

The new immigrants of the 1980s and 1990s came to America

answer

in search of jobs and economic opportunity

question

The Hispanic immigrant population of the Southwest could maintain their language and culture better than previous immigrant groups because

answer

of their large numbers and geographic concentration

question

The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 attempted to

answer

deny amnesty to illegal immigrants already in the US

question

By the 1990s, foreign born people accounted for

answer

less than 9% of the US population

question

Studies show that illegal immigrants

answer

pay more dollars in taxes than they claim in welfare payments

question

The most populous group of Latinos in the US comes from

answer

Mexico

question

The group with the highest household income is

answer

Asian-Americans

question

Douglas Wilder was

answer

the first African-American to serve as a state governor

question

One reason Black politicians became more successful by the 1990s is

answer

they appealed to a wide variety of voters

question

The 1996 California Civil Rights Initiative required

answer

an end to all affirmative action programs in the state

question

The West became the subject of a rich literary outpouring because

answer

of the population shift westward

question

After World War II, the art capital of the world was

answer

New York.

Ch. 40-42 – Flashcards

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