Ch. 1 Phyc – Flashcards
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Which of the following was mentioned as a skill to which psychology students would be exposed? A. critical thinking B. use of the scientific method C. critical evaluation of sources of information D. all of the above
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D. All of the Above
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Psyche is a Greek word meaning ________. essence soul behavior love
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Soul.
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Before psychology became a recognized academic discipline, matters of the mind were undertaken by those in ________. biology chemistry philosophy physics
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Philosophy
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In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a(n) ________. observation measurement test proposed explanation
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Proposed Explanation
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Why do you think psychology courses like this one are often requirements of so many different programs of study?
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Psychology courses deal with a number of issues that are helpful in a variety of settings. The text made mention of the types of skills as well as the knowledge base with which students of psychology become familiar. As mentioned in the link to learning, psychology is often helpful/valued in fields in which interacting with others is a major part of the job.
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Why do you think many people might be skeptical about psychology being a science?
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One goal of psychology is the study of the mind. Science cannot directly study the mind, because it is not a form of matter or energy. This might create some skepticism about the scientific nature of psychology.
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empirical method
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method for acquiring knowledge based on observation, including experimentation, rather than a method based only on forms of logical argument or previous authorities
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which theorist would have been most likely to agree with this statement: Perceptual phenomena are best understood as a combination of their components? William James Max Wertheimer Carl Rogers Noam Chomsky
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Max Wertheimer
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________ is most well-known for proposing his hierarchy of needs. Noam Chomsky Carl Rogers Abraham Maslow Sigmund Freud
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Abraham Maslow
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Rogers believed that providing genuineness, empathy, and ________ in the therapeutic environment for his clients was critical to their being able to deal with their problems. structuralism functionalism Gestalt unconditional positive regard
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Unconditional Positive Regard
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The operant conditioning chamber (aka ________ box) is a device used to study the principles of operant conditioning. Skinner Watson James Koffka
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Skinner, Duh.
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How did the object of study in psychology change over the history of the field since the 19th century?
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In its early days, psychology could be defined as the scientific study of mind or mental processes. Over time, psychology began to shift more towards the scientific study of behavior. However, as the cognitive revolution took hold, psychology once again began to focus on mental processes as necessary to the understanding of behavior.
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In part, what aspect of psychology was the behaviorist approach to psychology a reaction to?
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Behaviorists studied objectively observable behavior partly in reaction to the psychologists of the mind who were studying things that were not directly observable.
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behaviorism
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focus on observing and controlling behavior
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functionalism
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focused on how mental activities helped an organism adapt to its environment
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A researcher interested in how changes in the cells of the hippocampus (a structure in the brain related to learning and memory) are related to memory formation would be most likely to identify as a(n) ________ psychologist. biological health clinical social
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Biological
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An individual's consistent pattern of thought and behavior is known as a(n) ________. psychosexual stage object permanence personality perception
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Personality
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In Milgram's controversial study on obedience, nearly ________ of the participants were willing to administer what appeared to be lethal electrical shocks to another person because they were told to do so by an authority figure. 1/3 2/3 3/4 4/5
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2/3
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A researcher interested in what factors make an employee best suited for a given job would most likely identify as a(n) ________ psychologist. personality clinical social I-O
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I-O
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If someone wanted to become a psychology professor at a 4-year college, then s/he would probably need a ________ degree in psychology. bachelor of science bachelor of art master's PhD
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PhD
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The ________ places less emphasis on research and more emphasis on application of therapeutic skills. PhD PsyD postdoctoral training program dissertation
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PsyD
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Which of the following degrees would be the minimum required to teach psychology courses in high school? PhD PsyD master's degree bachelor's degree
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Bachelor's degree
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One would need at least a(n) ________ degree to serve as a school psychologist. associate's bachelor's master's doctoral
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Master's
