BUS quiz 4 – Flashcards
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China Innovation Inc. is a devout follower of Confucian ethics. Hence, it hires people who live by similar principles. Which of the following is most likely to be a characteristic of this company?
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The cost of doing business will be low for those companies that enter into a business with China Innovation Inc
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Which of the following statements is true of mores?
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Certain mores have been enacted into law.
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Which of the following best exemplifies violation of folkways?
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Failing to greet a person you know
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The distinctive culture of Wengiston has been losing its predominance among the citizens of the country. This is due to the fact that the people of Wengiston are extensively adopting certain universally accepted values and norms. This behavior of the people in Wengiston demonstrates _____.
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the convergence hypothesis
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Which of the following statements best defines personal space?
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It is the comfortable amount of distance between you and someone you are talking with.
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In a Confucian culture, loyalty of the subordinates to their superiors should be:
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reciprocated by the superiors by bestowing blessings on them
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The rise of Islamic fundamentalism is, in part, a response to the:
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movement in traditional Islamic societies toward modernization.
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In a society, actions of people directed toward one another are governed by a set of social rules called:
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norms
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Mountland Republic follows a system of social stratification that allows for flexibility in terms of social mobility. In this system of open stratification the status of a person is solely determined by his or her own socioeconomic achievements. Mountland Republic is most likely to be following a _____ system of social stratification.
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class
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Ceria Republic is a country that has achieved rapid economic growth and prosperity over the last couple of decades as a result of globalization. Hence, the country is most likely to see a cultural shift away from _____ .
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greater collectivism.
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Which of the following is most likely to be the result of high degrees of class consciousness in societies?
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Increase in the costs of production
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Which of the following statements is true about the class system in the United States when compared to the British class system?
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Successful individuals from humble origins are highly respected in American society.
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Survival values typically stress the importance of:
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economic and physical security
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In 1904, _____ theorized that there was a relationship between Protestantism and the emergence of modern capitalism.
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Max Weber
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Which of the following statements is true about the cultural dimension "Confucian dynamism"?
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In Confucian dynamism, the units of resources required to produce a good are assumed to remain constant no matter where one is on a country's production possibility frontier.
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_____ are defined as hierarchical social categories, often based on family background, occupation, and income.
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Social strata
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_____ began in the Indus Valley in India, and is the world's oldest major religion.
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Hinduism
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_____ are social conventions concerning things such as the appropriate dress code in a particular situation, good social manners, eating with the correct utensils, neighborly behavior, and the like.
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folkways
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Muslim countries are likely to be receptive to international businesses as long as those businesses:
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behave in a manner that is consistent with Islamic ethics.
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Sami follows a religion founded by an Indian prince—Siddhartha Gautama. Unlike the other Indian religions his religion does not propagate the caste system. Also, his religion emphasizes right seeing, thinking, speech, action, living, effort, mindfulness, and meditation as a route for spiritual transformation. According to this information, Sami can be considered as a:
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Buddhist.
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_____ means an understanding of how cultural differences across and within nations can affect the way business is practiced.
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Cross-cultural literacy
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Islam has roots in both Judaism and _____.
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Christianity
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According to Max Weber, Protestantism encouraged capitalism's development by:
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emphasizing on the importance of hard work and wealth creation for the glory of God and frugality.
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Which of the following statements is true about culture?
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Multinational enterprises can themselves be engines of cultural change.
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_____ is the most widely spoken language in the world, and is increasingly becoming the language of international business.
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English
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"Mudarabah" and the "murabaha" are:
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Islamic banking methods
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Jack, the CEO of Silver Touch Inc., raised his eyebrow in surprise at a new employee's valid suggestion to improve the sales turnover. He made a thumbs-up gesture as a sign of approval for the implementation of the employee's suggestion. Jack is typically using:
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nonverbal communication.
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Many _____ believe that the way to achieve nirvana—a state of complete spiritual perfection— is to lead a severe ascetic lifestyle of material and physical self-denial, devoting life to a spiritual rather than material quest.
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Hindus
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Which of the following is a possible downside of emphasizing the primacy of group identification over individualism?
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It leads to a lack of dynamism and entrepreneurship
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Which of the following is a characteristic of high uncertainty avoidance cultures?
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They allow a manager to tightly control the subordinates' initiatives.
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In many Western societies, the _____ is the basic building block of social organization.
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individual
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Which of the following statements is true of Confucianism?
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In Confucian thought, loyalty to one's superiors is regarded as a sacred duty.
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For more than 2,000 years until the 1949 Communist revolution, _____, which teaches the importance of attaining personal salvation through right action, was the official ethical system of China.
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Confucianism
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_____ is an ethical system that has influenced behavior and shaped culture in parts of Asia, however it cannot be considered as a religion.
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Confucianism
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Chinese is the mother tongue of the largest number of people, but English is the most widely spoken language in the world. This indicates:
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many people speak English as a second language.
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Which of the following is the most dominant religion in the world in terms of numbers of adherents?
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Christianity
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Hofstede's fifth dimension of Confucian dynamism captures:
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attitudes toward time, persistence, ordering by status, protection of face, respect for tradition, and reciprocation of gifts and favors.
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Which of the following statements is true about the business implications of the Japanese society?
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There is a low degree of movement from company to company among managers and workers in Japan.
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According to Hofstede, in societies where _______ was emphasized, the ties between individuals were tight.
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collectivism
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_____ is the mother tongue of the largest number of people in the world.
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Chinese
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______ refers to a condition where people to perceive themselves in terms of their class background, and this shapes their relationships with members pf other classes.
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class consciousness
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______ isolated four dimensions- power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism versus collectivism, and masculinity versus femininity - that he claimed summarized different cultures.
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Geert Hofstede
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Which of the following statements is true of Islam?
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Islam forbids the consumption of pork and alcohol
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Chinese is the mother tongue of the largest number of people, but English is the most widely spoken language in the world. This indicates that:
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many people speak English as a second language.
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Hofstede's _____ dimension focused on how a society deals with the fact that people are unequal in physical and intellectual capabilities.
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power distance
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_____ began in the Indus Valley in India, and is the world's oldest major religion.
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Hinduism
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Maya is a follower of a religion which emphasizes that individuals should be judged solely by their spiritual achievements. The caste Maya belongs to is of the highest order in her religion, and hence is highly respected. She also firmly believes that she was born into the high caste as a result of her spiritual development in her previous life. Maya follows:
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Hinduism
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Although the number of societies with caste systems diminished rapidly during the twentieth century, one partial example still remains in:
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India
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Which of the following is true about the Islamic banking method — the mudarabah?
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Correct A mudarabah contract is similar to a profit-sharing scheme.
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Hindus see mobility between castes as something that can be achieved through:
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Correct spiritual progression and reincarnation.
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Which of the following is a characteristic of high uncertainty avoidance cultures?
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Correct They allow a manager to tightly control the subordinates' initiatives.
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Which of the following religions does not owe its founding to any one particular individual?
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Correct Hinduism
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Hofstede's _____ dimension focused on how a society deals with the fact that people are unequal in physical and intellectual capabilities.
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Correct power distance
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For more than 2,000 years until the 1949 Communist revolution, _____, which teaches the importance of attaining personal salvation through right action, was the official ethical system of China.
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Confucianism
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China Innovation Inc. is a devout follower of Confucian ethics. Hence, it hires people who live by similar principles. Which of the following is most likely to be a characteristic of this company?
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Correct The cost of doing business will be low for those companies that enter into a business with China Innovation Inc.
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In a country called Burnada, the citizens are restricted from moving out of the strata they are born into. Also, individuals are allowed to engage only in the occupation associated with their particular strata. The system of social stratification being practiced in Burnada can be identified as a:
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Correct caste system.
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In a social context, the term values is used to describe the:
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Correct abstract ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable.
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Which of the following best exemplifies violation of mores?
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Correct Committing a financial fraud
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Which of the following statements is true with regard to Geert Hofstede's cultural dimensions?
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Correct Members of high uncertainty avoidance cultures had a strong need for rules and regulations.
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A _____ system is a form of open stratification in which the position a person has by birth can be changed through his or her own achievements or luck.
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Correct class
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A difference in the attitudes of people toward time in different cultures is an example of the _____ in individual cultures.
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Correct folkways
