BSC 1005 FINAL

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
What name is given to a gene that causes cancer?
answer
oncogene
question
The study of the full protein sets that genomes encode is _____.
answer
proteomics
question
Which of the following is the best definition for recombinant DNA? DNA that includes pieces from two different sources an alternate form of DNA that is the product of a mutation DNA that results from bacterial conjugation DNA that carries a translocation
answer
DNA that includes pieces from two different sources
question
Cutting DNA with a particular restriction enzyme produces DNA fragments that can be separated by ______.
answer
gel electrophoresis
question
How is it that the cells in different body tissues are able to perform different functions?
answer
The cells exhibit different patterns of gene expression.
question
How can a single RNA transcript be translated into different polypeptides?
answer
There is more than one way to splice an RNA transcript
question
Ethical dilemmas raised by DNA technology and knowledge of the human genome include ______.
answer
all of the above
question
Which of these is most likely to cause the development of a six-legged frog? mutation of homeotic genes artificial selection conversion of a proto-oncogene to an oncogene dietary supplementation
answer
mutation of homeotic genes
question
What would you assume if you found RNA transcripts of lactose-utilizing genes within E. coli?
answer
the presence of lactose
question
Data suggest that the normal version of BRCA1 functions as a(n) ______.
answer
tumor-suppressor gene
question
Which of these plays a role in the regulation of transcription in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? RNA splicing transcription factors gene operons attachment of RNA polymerase to the promoter
answer
attachment of RNA polymerase to the promoter
question
When plasmids are used to produce a desired protein, the ______.
answer
desired gene is inserted into the plasmid and the plasmid is taken up by the bacterium
question
Cells communicate with one another via ______.
answer
signal transduction pathways
question
What is the first level of control of eukaryotic gene transcription?
answer
DNA packing and unpacking
question
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) must use its own ______ to reproduce.
answer
reverse transcriptase
question
In eukaryotic cells, repressor proteins inhibit transcription by binding to ______.
answer
silencers
question
STR analysis is a DNA profiling technique that makes use of the fact that different people have
answer
different numbers of repeats of short DNA sequences at certain sites in the genome.
question
Which of the following best defines the term transgenic organism?
answer
an organism containing a gene from another species
question
In human gene therapy,
answer
normal versions of genes are transferred to patients who carry a mutated allele
question
Inheritance of certain genes increases the risk of getting certain cancers; thus, it can be said that ______.
answer
predisposition to these cancers is inherited
question
Introns are ______.
answer
noncoding DNA sequences
question
In an operon, the ______ acts as an on/off switch.
answer
operator
question
Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments on the basis of differences in their ______.
answer
length
question
Which of these techniques could tell you how gene expression differs between individuals with and without cystic fibrosis?
answer
DNA microarray
question
The scientific field that studies complete sets of genes is called ______.
answer
genomics
question
In bacteria, what name is given to a cluster of genes with related functions, along with their DNA control sequences?
answer
operon
question
In The Origin of Species, Darwin argued that the mechanism of descent with modification was _____.
answer
natural selection
question
The founder effect differs from a population bottleneck in that the founder effect ______.
answer
involves the isolation of a small colony of individuals from a larger population
question
Which of the following is a component of the fossil record?
answer
bones of extinct whales
question
The original source of genetic variation that serves as the raw material for natural selection is ______.
answer
mutation
question
The smallest biological unit that can evolve is the ______.
answer
population
question
During his trip on the Beagle, Darwin found that ______.
answer
plants and animals living on a continent seemed more closely related to each other than to plants and animals living in similar regions on other continents
question
What does evolutionary fitness measure?
answer
relative reproductive success
question
Homology is evidence of ______.
answer
common ancestry
question
Which of the following is a population?
answer
the termites infesting your house
question
The total collection of alleles in a population at any one time make up that population's ______.
answer
gene pool
question
Genetic drift is the result of ______.
answer
chance
question
Which of the following is most likely to decrease genetic variation?
answer
stabilizing selection
question
Natural selection results in ______.
answer
a population that is adapted to its current environment
question
Natural selection can be defined as ______.
answer
a process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than individuals with other traits
question
Which one of the following can create new alleles?
answer
mutation
question
Which of the following are homologous?
answer
the forelimb of a dog and the forelimb of a cat
question
Which of the following is not a requirement of natural selection?
answer
catastrophic events
question
Of the following taxonomic levels, species found within the same ______ are the most closely related.
answer
family
question
How do New World monkeys differ from Old World monkeys?
answer
New World monkeys have a prehensile tail.
question
A period of mass extinction is often followed by ______.
answer
explosive diversification
question
What type of reproductive isolating mechanism is described by a situation in which female fireflies only mate with males who emit light in a particular pattern?
answer
behavioral isolation
question
Which of the following taxonomic levels is most inclusive?
answer
class
question
What distinguishes animals from other eukaryotes?
answer
They ingest food.
question
Unique features of vertebrates include the presence of a(n) ______.
answer
skull and backbone
question
Which one of the following is the only domain that contains eukaryotes?
answer
Eukarya
question
Which anthropoids are most closely related to humans?
answer
chimpanzees
question
The common ancestor of all animals is likely to have been a(n) ______.
answer
colonial, flagellated protist
question
The wing of a penguin is ______ the wing of a butterfly
answer
analogous to
question
The wing of a bald eagle is ______ the wing of a penguin.
answer
homologous to
question
Which of the following is a binomial? Rhizosolenia sapiens diatom Nitzschia jouseae
answer
Nitzschia jouseae
question
Where did humans first appear?
answer
Africa
question
Under the biological species concept, what criterion is used to assign populations of organisms to the same biological species?
answer
being able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring
question
Which of these human characteristics evolved first? language loss of body hair erect posture enlarged brain
answer
erect posture
question
A reproductive barrier that prevents species from mating is an example of ______.
answer
a prezygotic barrier
question
The current geological era is the ______.
answer
Cenozoic
question
The science of naming, identifying, and classifying organisms is called ______.
answer
taxonomy
question
Analogous structures are evidence of ______.
answer
convergent evolution
question
Features unique to mammals include ______.
answer
the presence of hair
question
When two frog species, Rana pipiens and Rana sylvatica, mate, the offspring die early in embryonic development. This is an example of ______.
answer
reduced hybrid viability
question
If you study how two species of finches compete for food, you are trying to answer a question about _______.
answer
community ecology
question
The greenhouse effect causes an increase in global temperatures. This increase is primarily due to ______.
answer
CO2 and other greenhouse gases slowing the escape of heat from Earth
question
Which of the following can moderate climate by absorbing heat when the air is warm and releasing heat when the air is cold? glaciers oceans mountains clouds
answer
oceans
question
Which of the following is not a result of global warming? changes in the breeding seasons of some species. shifts in the ranges of some species melting permafrost. decreasing sea levels.
answer
decreasing sea levels.
question
Temperature increases due to global warming have been greatest _____.
answer
close to the poles
question
Which of the following is abiotic? a plant a fungus a rock a protist
answer
a rock
question
Which of these biomes is one of the most biologically productive of all biomes? open oceans temperate grasslands estuaries coniferous forests
answer
estuaries
question
What level of ecology is concerned with groups of individuals of the same species?
answer
population
question
Long, snowy winters as well as evergreen trees such as pine and fir are found in ______.
answer
coniferous forest
question
What level of ecology is concerned with groups of individuals of different species?
answer
community
question
Permafrost, or permanently frozen subsoil, characterizes _____.
answer
tundra
question
In what part of the ocean are phytoplankton found?
answer
pelagic realm
question
Which of the following is a behavioral response to environmental variability?
answer
migrating to a different location
question
Which of the following organisms are not ultimately dependent on sunlight for energy? predators bacteria that feed on dead organic matter species that live in hydrothermal vent habitats marine species that live in the aphotic zone
answer
species that live in hydrothermal vent habitats
question
In an aquatic ecosystem, what name is given to the region where photosynthesis can occur?
answer
photic zone
question
Water-storing plants and deeply-rooted shrubs are plants that characterize ______.
answer
deserts
question
What term applies to the physical and physiological changes experienced by astronauts who spend months in space?
answer
acclimation
question
What level of ecology is concerned with the adaptations of individuals?
answer
organismal
question
What are estuaries?
answer
a transition area between a river and the ocean
question
Ecology is the study of ______.
answer
interactions between organisms and their environments
question
The effect of deforestation has been to ______.
answer
increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
question
The temperate zones ______.
answer
are relatively wet
question
Which nutrients often limit the distribution and abundance of photosynthetic organisms?
answer
nitrogen and phosphorus
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New