BJ American Republic Chapter 17 – Flashcards
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What was the biggest single reason for the growth of the american population in the nineteenth century?
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Immigration
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What were two of the factors that helped the industries of the United States to grow?
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supplies of raw materials and the labor force
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After 1880 many immigrants came from what regions of Europe?
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eastern and southern Europe
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Where did many European immigrants go first to be registered?
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Ellis Island
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What piece of legislation attempted to limit Chinese Immigration?
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Exclusion Act of 1882
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Give three reasons for the difficulty of traveling long distances by rail.
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most tracks were in the East, no railroad bridges across major rivers, and different widths of track
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What regions of the country did Cornelius Vanderbilt connect with his railroad empire?
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Great Lake states and New York City
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What did the federal government give railroad companies to aid their building?
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financial aid and land
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Name two key inventors of the period and the inventions for which they are best known?
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Alexander Graham Bell---telephone Thomas Edison---light bulb
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What is the difference between a proprietorship and a partnership?
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proprietorship is a business owned by 1 person; partnership is a business owned by 2 or more people
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Who built a huge steel empire by means of a partnership?
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Andrew Carnegie
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Name two sources of capital for corporations besides individuals?
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investment by banks and insurance companies
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What is a trust?; Who formed the first business trust?
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It combines several separate companies into one super-size corporation.; John D. Rockefeller
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List 5 major changes in American that resulted from industrial growth
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1.Americans had more leisure time. 2. City populations grew 3. more pollution, overcrowding, and crime 4. America's foreign trade increased 5. Women became important part of work force
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What is capitalism?
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An economy in which people are free to invest in businesses and make profits.
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How was social Darwinism applied to industry?
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It was used to support the idea that the biggest and best businesses would survive while others would fail.
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What industry was regulated by the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887?
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railroad industry
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Business need large amounts of money or ? to finance their opeations.
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capital
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The Interstate Commerce Act was intended to regulate some of the abuses of the ? industry
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railroad
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Union members wanted ? so that the union could negotiate with owners and management.
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collective bargaining
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Many of America's turn-of-the-century immigrants landed first at what place?
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Ellis Island
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A? is an advantageous business organization assembled under a charter by individual stockholders.
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corporation
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A theory of ? was used to support the idea that the biggest and best businesses would survive while others would fall.
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social Darwinism
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Uriah P. Stephens first led an early labor union called the ?
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Knights of Labor
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The ? was legislation intended to break up the unfair advantages of trusts.
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Sherman Antitrust Act
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Alexander Graham Bell
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invented the telephone
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Andrew Carnegie
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built a huge steel empire
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Thomas Edison
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invented the incandescent light bulb
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Samuel Gompers
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president of the American Federation of Labor (AFL)
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John D. Rockefeller
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formed a trust in the oil industry
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Cornelius Vanderbilt
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consolidated railroads in the Northeast
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Why did labor unions emerge? Name two of the earliest ones.
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to demand better wages and working condition; Knights of labor and american federation of labor
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The first transcontinental railroad was completed at ?
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Promontory Point near Ogden, Utah
