Biology ch. 8 practice test – Flashcards
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Which of the following statements regarding the differences between mitosis and meiosis is false?
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Crossing over is a phenomenon that creates genetic diversity during mitosis.
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As a patch of scraped skin heals, the cells fill in the injured area but do not grow beyond that. This is an example of
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density-dependent inhibition
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Which of the following statements regarding sexual and asexual reproduction is true?
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Sexual reproduction is more likely to increase genetic variation than asexual reproduction.
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Euykaryotic cells spend most of their cell cycle in which phase?
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interphase
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Which of the following statements regarding mitosis and meiosis is false?
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Mitosis produces daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
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Which of the following statements regarding Down Syndrome is false?
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Women with Down syndrome cannot reproduce.
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Looking into your microscope, you spot an unusual cell. Instead of the typical rounded cell shape, the cell has a very narrow middle separating two bulging ends. It sort of looks like the number 8! Then you realize the cell is
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undergoing cytokinesis
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If chromosome fragment breaks off and then reattaches to the original chromosome, but in the reverse direction, the resulting chromosomal abnormality is called an
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inversion.
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Which of the following options correctly describes the behavior of a tetrad during anaphase I of meiosis
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It splits into two pairs of sister chromatids, and one pair goes to each pole of the dividing cell
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Which of the following features likely accounts for the difference between plant and animal cell cytokinesis?
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Plant cell division must maintain the integrity of the cell wall
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The phase of mitosis during which the nuclear envelope fragments and the nucleoli disappear is called
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prophase
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Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from prokaryotic chromosomes in that they
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are housed in a membrane-enclosed nucleus
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Which of the following statements regarding genetic diversity is false?
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Genetic diversity is enhanced by mitosis of somatic cells
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Which of the following statements is false?
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Gametes are made by mitosis
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Two chromosomes in a nucleus that carry loci for the same traits in the same positions on the chromosome but different versions of some traits constitute a pair of
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homologous chromosomes
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A karyotype is most like
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photographs of every couple at a high school prom
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What type of cell is shown?
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plant cell in telophase
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How many generations does it take to develop a new plant species by nondisjunction?
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one
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Independent orientation of chromosomes at metaphase I and random fertilization are most like
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shuffling cards and dealing out hands of poker
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Which of the following is a feature of plant cell division that distinguishes it from animal cell division?
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formation of a cell plate
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Prior to mitosis, each chromosome of a eukaryotic cell consists of a pair of identical structures called
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sister chromatids
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Which of the following helps maintain the structure of chromosomes and control the activity of genes?
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proteins
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If Charles gets married and starts a family, which of the following chromosomal abnormalities might be found in his children?
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XXY
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Cancer is not usually inherited because
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the chromosomal changes in cancer are usually confined to somatic cells
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Which of the following types of organisms commonly demonstrates polyploidy?
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flowering plants
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Both mitosis and meiosis are preceded by
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interphase
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Which of the following statements regarding mitosis and meiosis are false?
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Meiosis provides for asexual reproduction.
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When animal cells are grown in a petri dish, they typically stop dividing once they have formed a single, unbroken layer on the bottom of the dish. This arrest of division is an example of
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density-dependent inhibition
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Which of the following statements regarding cell division is false?
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Cell division is common in eukaryotes but rare in prokaryotes
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The cell cycle control system is most like
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the control device of an automatic washing machine
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If these four resulted from cell division of a single cell with diploid chromosome number 2n=4, what best describes what just occurred?
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meiosis with nondisjunction in meiosis II
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Nondisjunction occurs when
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members of a chromosome pair fail to separate
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Sister chromatids are
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tightly linked together at a centromere
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During which phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope re-form and the nucleoli reappear?
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telophase
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During which stage of meiosis must this nondisjunction have occurred?
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metaphase II
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Asexual reproduction requires ___ individual(s).
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1
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You are asked to culture an unidentified sample of animal tissue. You notice that the cells seem to fail to exhibit density-dependent inhibition. The source of this tissue sample is most likely
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a cancer.
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Which of the following is probably the main factor responsible for the phenomenon of density-dependent inhibition?
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availability of growth factors
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The process by which the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell divides to produce two cells is called
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cytokinesis
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The creation of offspring carrying genetic information from a single parent is called
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asexual reproduction
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Which of the following must occur for a plant or animal to grow and develop normally?
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The organism must be able to control the timing and rate of cell division in different parts of its body
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During which stage of meiosis does synapsis and the formation of tetrads occur?
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prophase I
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A pair of male human sex chromosomes is most like
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a bride and groom.
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Which of the following statements regarding the function of mitosis is false ?
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Mitosis allows organisms to generate genetic diversity.
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Independent orientation of chromosomes at metaphase I results in an increase in the number of
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possible combinations of characteristics.
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During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up on a plane equidistant from the two spindle poles?
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metaphase
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If the S phase were eliminated from the cell cycle, the daughter cells would
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have half the genetic material found in the parent cell
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A benign tumor differs from a malignant in that a benign tumor
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does not metastasize
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Mature human nerve cells and muscle cells
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are permanently in a state of nondivision
