question

The presence of which protein is required in order for chromatin to compact correctly within the nucleus?

answer

Histone

question

What structure is formed by two sister chromatids being held together by a centromere?

answer

Chromosome

question

What is the structure that holds together the two sister chromatids that form a chromosome?

answer

Centromere

question

When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible?

answer

During mitosis

question

The mitotic spindle is composed of ______________ and grows from the _______________ toward the center of the cell

answer

microtubules; centrosome

question

Measurements of the amount of DNA per nucleus were taken on a large number of cells from a growing fungus. The measure of DNA levels ranged from three to six picograms per nucleus. One nucleus had five picograms of DNA. What stage of the cell cycle was the nucleus in?

answer

S

question

Cytokinesis usually, but not always, follows mitosis. If a cell undergoes mitosis and not cytokinesis, this would result in

answer

A cell with two or more nuclei

question

This is NOT a correct association

answer

Interphase-shortest stage of the cell cycle

question

Susan was examining a cell under the microscope and noticed the formation of a cell plate in the midline of the cell and the formation of nuclei at opposite poles of the cell. The cell under examination was most likely a

answer

Plant cell undergoing cytokinesis

question

Ben was looking at onion root tip cells under the microscope in Biology class. He saw one cell that had two nuclei within it. What stage of the cell cycle was this cell in?

answer

Telophase/cytokinesis

question

This is correctly matched

answer

S phase - DNA replication

question

The spindle serves two rolls in mitotic cell division. These are

answer

To separate the sister chromatids and to elongate the cell

question

A group of cells is assayed for DNA content immediately following mitosis and is found to have an average of 8 picograms of DNA nucleus. Those cells would have _____ picograms at the end of the S phase and _____ picograms at the end of G2

answer

16;16

question

These occur during mitosis

answer

The coiling of chromosomes, the division of centromeres, the formation of a spindle, and the degradation of the nuclear envelope

question

All of the following occur during the latter stages of mitotic prophase

answer

The coiling of chromosomes, the division of centromeres, the formation of a spindle, and the degradation of the nuclear envelope

question

How do the daughter cells at the end of mitosis and cytokinesis compare to their parent cell when it was in G1 of the cell cycle?

answer

The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and the same amount of DNA

question

This represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence

answer

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

question

While Jeff was looking under the microscope at cells in different stages of mitosis he commented on the fact that many cells were in the same stage. If you were looking under the compound light microscope at an onion root tip, what stage would the majority of the cells be in the cell cycle?

answer

Interphase

question

Cyclins function by

answer

Combining with kinases

question

Rebecca found out that she has a mass of dividing cells called a tumor in her ovaries. She has had tests and is returning to the doctor. What would the best results the doctor could tell her be?

answer

It is a benign tumor

question

Angiogenesis contributes to carcinogenesis because

answer

It causes blood vessels to grow into the tumor

question

Which cancer therapy can lead to side effects such as nausea and hair loss?

answer

Chemotherapy

question

Susan went to an oncologist because some cancerous cells had been detected within her breast tissue. Which of the following is NOT a warning signal for cancer?

answer

Some cells were found going through the cell cycle

question

Cells grown in a petri dish tend to divide until they form a thin layer covering the bottom of the dish. If cells are removed from the middle of the dish, the cells bordering the open space will begin dividing until they have filled the empty space. What does this experiment show?

answer

When cells come into contact with other cells, they stop growing, the controls on cell growth and division can be turned on and off, cell division can be regulated by factors outside of the cell, and cells continue to grow as long as there is adequate space

question

These are not characteristics of cancer cells

answer

Exhibit contact inhibition and cells which function normally for tissue they are in

question

These are characteristics of cancer cells

answer

Stimulate the growth of blood vessels, travel through the bloodstream to other parts of the body, produced by a mutation of a proto-oncogene, and have abnormal chromosomes

question

A tumor suppressor gene undergoes a mutation that causes it to lose its normal function. What would be the most likely result of this mutation?

answer

The cell no longer responds to signals that cause it to stop dividing or undergo apoptosis

question

These are a type of internal signal molecule used in controlling the cell cycle

answer

Kinases

question

If cells in the process of dividing are subjected to colchicines, a drug that interferes with the functioning of the spindle fibers, at which stage will mitosis be arrested?

answer

Metaphase

question

Inheritance of mutant forms of some genes may lead to a predisposition to develop cancer. Which gene has not been linked to hereditary forms of cancer?

answer

ras

question

Inheritance of mutant forms of some genes may lead to a predisposition to develop cancer. Which genes have been linked to hereditary forms of cancer?

answer

BRCA-1, RB, RET, and DScam

question

A positive genetic test for telomerase indicates that

answer

A cell is probably cancerous

question

Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their

answer

Growth rate

question

Many growth factors are classified as this

answer

Proto-oncogenes

question

Cancer occurs when

answer

The regulation of the cell cycle is lost and uncontrolled cell division occurs

question

Apoptosis occurs when

answer

A damaged cell is programmed to fragment and then is phagocytized

question

Some of the drugs used in chemotherapy work by

answer

Preventing spindle formation

question

If a cell stops at the G1 checkpoint, this is most likely due to what problem?

answer

There is DNA damage

question

Rick had a high incidence of cancer in his family. These are preventative measures to avoid cancer.

answer

Increase consumption of foods rich in vitamin A and C, avoid salt-cured, pickled, or smoked foods, increase consumption of vegetables from the cabbage family, and avoid cigarette smoking, smokeless tobacco, and sunbathing

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