question

The most important difference between classification during the time of Linnaeus and current classification is that organisms are now grouped according to their:

answer

evolutionary relationships

question

Which are the two highest level taxa in the Linnaean system?

answer

phylum and kingdom

question

The grouping of organisms based on their common descent is called:

answer

evolutionary classification

question

Similar DNA sequences in genes can be evidence of:

answer

common ancestory

question

Several different classes make up a:

answer

phylum

question

Based on their name, you know that the baboons Papio annubis and Papio cyoncephalus do NOT belong to the same:

answer

species

question

In Linnaeus's system of classification, how many levels are there?

answer

7

question

In addition to Animalia, Plantae and Fungi, the six-kingdom system of classification includes:

answer

Protista, Archaebacteria and Eubacteria

question

From their scientific names Zea mays and Allium cepa, you know that the two organisms are:

answer

in different genera (genus)

question

At any level of organization, groups that have biological meaning are referred to as:

answer

taxa

question

The third smallest taxon in the Linnaean system of classification is the:

answer

family

question

The most important difference between classification during the time of Linnaeus and current classification is that organisms are now grouped according to their:

answer

evolutionary relationships

question

How do binomial, or two-part, names compare with early versions of scientific names?

answer

they tend to be shorter

question

One reason common names are not useful to biologists is that they:

answer

can apply to more than one animal

question

Modern methods of classification include the idea that all organisms share a common:

answer

ancestor

question

Based on its name, the organism Malus sylverstris is in the:

answer

genus Malus

question

Animals that are warm-blooded, have body hair and produce milk for their young are grouped in the class:

answer

Mammalia

question

Modern methods of classification that Linnaeus did not use include comparisons of:

answer

molecular structures

question

The three-domain system recognizes fundamental differences between two groups of:

answer

prokaryotes

question

According to the rules of binomial nomenclature, which of the terms is capitalized?

answer

the genus name only

question

One goal of scientists is to assign every organism a universally accepted name according to the system know as:

answer

binomial nomenclature

question

In evolutionary classification, a monophyletic group includes one:

answer

ancestors and all its descendants

question

Traditional classifications tended to take into account primarily:

answer

visible similarities and differences

question

The three domains are:

answer

Eukarya, Archaea, Bacteria

question

Systematics is:

answer

a science of name and grouping organisms

question

What do all organisms have in common?

answer

They use all DNA to pass on information

question

Homo habilis and Homo erectus do NOT belong to the same:

answer

species

question

What kind of analysis focuses on the order in which derived characters appeared in organisms?

answer

cladistic analysis

question

To be useful, a scientific name has to refer to:

answer

a single species

question

The second part of a scientific name is unique to each:

answer

species in its genus

question

A genus is composed of a number of similar:

answer

species

question

In biology, a trait that arose in an ancestor and is passed along to its descendants is referred to as a:

answer

derived character

question

Linnaean classification involves:

answer

both large and small categories of organisms

question

The first part of the name refers to the _____, or a group of similar species.

answer

Genus

question

What is the science of naming and grouping organisms called:

answer

systematics

question

Modern systematic try to group organisms based on:

answer

evolutionary relationships

question

The goal of systematic is to organize living things into groups, called _____, that have biological meaning.

answer

Taxons

question

All species descended from a(n) _______ and are part of a monophyletic group.

answer

Common Ancestor

question

the study of how living things and extinct organisms are related to one another.

answer

Phylogeny

question

A ______ includes a common ancestor and all its descendants, living or extinct

answer

Clade

question

A diagram that shows evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms is called a(n)

answer

Cladogram

question

The place where the ancestral lineage splits on a cladogram is called a fork, or a(n)

answer

Node

question

Characteristics shared by members of a clade and only by members of that clade are called

answer

Derived Character.

question

Protista

answer

they are a "catchall" group of eukaryotes

question

Fungi

answer

they feed on dead or decaying organic matter

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Plantae

answer

they include mosses and ferns

question

Animalia

answer

they have no cell walls and they move about

question

Members of the domain ______ live in some of the most extreme environments on Earth.

answer

archaea

question

A trait that arose in the most recent common ancestor of a particular lineage and was passed along to its descendants.

answer

derived character

question

Multi cellular organisms that move about are placed in the Kingdom...

answer

Animalia

question

Under Linnaeus' classification system, similar genera were placed into a larger category called a(n)

answer

Family

question

Families, orders, classes and phyla are all

answer

Taxa

question

The science of naming and grouping organisms is called

answer

Systematics (Taxonomy)

question

shows relative degrees of relatedness among lineages

answer

cladogram

question

A clade is made up of a(n)

answer

Monophyletic Group

question

Phylogeny

answer

the study of how living and extinct organisms are related to one another

question

Bacteria

answer

the domain containing organisms that are prokaryotic and unicellular

question

Order

answer

a group of families

question

Phylum

answer

a group of classes

question

Clade

answer

a group of species that include a single common ancestor and all descendants of that ancestor

question

Class

answer

a group of orders

question

Eukarya

answer

the domain containing all organisms that have a nucleus

question

Domain

answer

a larger, more inclusive category than a kingdom

question

Aristotle classified animals on the basis of:

answer

where they lived

question

The main criterion used in Linneaus' system of classification is an organism's:

answer

morphology

question

In the scientific name of an organism, the first part is the:

answer

genus

question

The species name of the lion is:

answer

Panthera leo

question

How were the classification system of Aristotle and Linnaeus similar?

answer

Both considered species by where they lived, there physical features, and and categorized animals and plants.

question

List the seven levels of organization in Linnaeus' system of classifying organisms, beginning with the smallest category and ending with the largest category.

answer

species, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom

question

Binomial Nomenclature

answer

A naming system developed in the 1730's by a Swedish botanist, Carlos Linnaeus. It assigns each species a scientific name made up of the Genus and species names.

question

Genus

answer

A group of similar species.

question

Systematics

answer

A system of grouping and naming organisms.

question

Taxon

answer

The organization of living things into groups that have biological reasoning to them.

question

Family

answer

A larger category that is grouped together by similarities.

question

Order

answer

Closely related families organized into bigger groups.

question

Class

answer

The next largest group where similarities are grouped.

question

Phylum

answer

A group that are different but share important characteristics.

question

Kingdom

answer

The largest group of the Taxonomic categories.

question

Philology

answer

It is the history of evolution in lineages.

question

Clade

answer

Groups of species that included a single same ancestor and all are descendants from it.

question

Monophyletic Group

answer

A group that shares a single common ancestor and all of its descendants.

question

Cladogram

answer

Linking clades together in a diagram.

question

Derived Character

answer

A trait that is passed along descendants from the most recent common ancestor.

question

Domain

answer

A larger system, more inclusive than kingdom.

question

Bacteria

answer

A domain made up of unicellular and prokaryotic.

question

Archaea

answer

A domain made up of unicellular and prokaryotic and live in some very extreme environments.

question

Eukarya

answer

Consists of all organisms with a nucleus. Consists of "Protista", Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.

question

Why do biologists use a classification system to study the diversity of life?

answer

Biologists use a classification system to identify, name and find order in the diversity of life.

question

The science of classifying organisms and assigning them universally accepted known as

answer

Taxonomy

question

In a good system of classification, organisms placed into a particular group are less similar to each other than they are to organisms in other groups. (True or False)

answer

False

question

Why is it confusing to refer to organisms by common names?

answer

Using common names can be confusing because of the difference in cultures and the amount of animals.

question

Highlight the letter of each sentence that is true about early efforts at naming organisms

answer

b. Names often described detailed physical characteristics of a species. c. Names could be very long. d. It was difficult to standardize the names.

question

The two word naming system developed by Linnaeus is called

answer

Binomial Nomenclature

question

Highlight the letter of each sentence that is true about binomial nomenclature.

answer

b. Each species is assigned a two part scientific name. c. The scientific name is always written in italics.

question

What is the genus of the grizzly bear, Ursus actors?

answer

Ursus

question

A group or level of organization in taxonomy is called a taxonomic category or

answer

taxa

question

The largest taxonomic category in Linnaeus's system of classification is the ______ and the smallest is the ________.

answer

Kingdom, species

question

What two kingdoms did Linnaeus name?

answer

Animalia and Plantea Kingdoms

question

What traits did Linnaeus consider when classifying organisms?

answer

He compared details of anatomy the structures of different organisms.

question

What problems are faced by taxonomists who rely on body-structure comparisons?

answer

The evolution that can lead to different organisms evolving. This makes it hard for taxonomies to classify.

question

Darwin's theory of evolution changed the way biologists thought about classification. (True or False)

answer

True

question

How do biologists now group organisms into categories?

answer

They group organisms into category's that represent lines of evolutionary descent, not just similarities.

question

Genera placed within a family should be less closely related to one another than to members of any other family. (True or False)

answer

False

question

The strategy of grouping organisms together based on their evolutionary history is called

answer

Evolutionary Classification.

question

Highlight the letter of each sentence that is true about cladistic analysis.

answer

d. It is a method of evolutionary classification.

question

Characteristics that appear in recent parts of a lineage, but not in its older members, are called

answer

Derived Characters

question

A diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms is called a(an)

answer

Cladogram

question

Derived characters are used to construct a cladogram. (True or False)

answer

True

question

The scientific view of life was more complex in Linnaeus's time. (True or False)

answer

False

question

What fundamental trait did Linnaeus use to separate plants from animals?

answer

Organisms that use foods for energy and move. Plants that are green use photosynthesis and get there energy from the sun.

question

What type of organisms were later placed in kingdom Protista?

answer

Microorganisms were later placed in this kingdom.

question

Mushrooms, yeast and molds have been placed in their own kingdom, which is called

answer

Fungi

question

Why did scientists place bacteria in their own kingdom, the Monera?

answer

Bacteria with no nucuelus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.

question

List the two groups into which the Monera have been separated.

answer

Eubacteria and Archaebacteria

question

A more inclusive category than any other, including the kingdom, is the

answer

Domain

question

List the three domains.

answer

Domain Bacteria, domain archaea and domain eukarya

question

Bacteria

answer

Eubacteria

question

Archaea

answer

Archaebacteria

question

Eukarya

answer

Protist

question

Eukarya

answer

Fungi

question

Eukarya

answer

Plantae

question

Eukarya

answer

Animalia

question

Highlight the letter of each sentence that is true about members of the domain Bacteria.

answer

b. They are prokaryotes. c. They have rigid cell walls. d. The cell walls contain peptidoglycans.

question

All members of the domain Bacteria are parasites. (True or False)

answer

False

question

Highlight the letter of each sentence that is true about members of the domain Archaea.

answer

a. They are unicellular.

question

Many members of the domain Archaea can survive only in the absence of oxygen. (True or False)

answer

True

question

Highlight the letter of each sentence that is true about all the members of the domain Eukarya.

answer

a. They have a nucleus.

question

What is taxonomy?

answer

A branch of biology that names and groups organisms according to their characteristics (Morphology) and evolutionary history (Phylogeny).

question

Who is considered the "Father of Taxonomy?"

answer

Carlos Linnaeus he used animal morphology to categorize organisms. He was a biologist who classifies organisms.

question

What are the seven levels of classification?

answer

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species. (Ordered from largest to smallest)

question

Review of Binomial Nomenclature.

answer

A particular species of organisms that has two names (scientific name) that consists of the Genus and the species. (Genius is ALWAYS capitalized while species name is NEVER capitalized. Always write the name and underline it. Always italicize the name when typed.)

question

Classification of Human

answer

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Family: Hominidae Genus: Homo species: sapiens

question

Plant Kingdom Division

answer

In the Plant Kingdom, species are sometimes divided into varieties.

question

Animal Kingdom Division

answer

In the Animal Kingdom, species are often divided into subspecies.

question

Identify the six kingdoms.

answer

Monera (split into Archaebacteria and Eubacteria), Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia

question

What kingdoms did Monera split into?

answer

Archaebacteria and Eubacteria

question

Characteristics of Prokaryote

answer

A unicellular organisms that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles.

question

Characteristics of Eukarya

answer

Consists of all organisms with a nucleus and has membrane bound organelles. Consists of "Protista", Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.

question

Characteristics of Autotrophic

answer

Organisms that make their own food.

question

Characteristics of Heterotrophic

answer

An organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their by-products.

question

Characteristics of Aerobic

answer

With oxygen

question

Characteristics of Anaerobic

answer

Without oxygen

question

Binary Fission:

answer

Asexual cell division of prokaryotes that produces identical offspring.

question

Chlorophyll:

answer

Light Absorbing pigment used in photosynthesis.

question

Photosynthesis:

answer

Conversion of light energy into chemical energy.

question

Kingdom Archaebacteria:

answer

-Unicellular prokaryotes with distinctive cell membranes. -Autotrophic -Producing food by chemosynthesis. -Waste products include flammable gases. -Live in hard environments.

question

Kingdom Eubacteria:

answer

-Unicellular prokaryotes. -Cause problems such as tooth decay and food poisoning. -Most species use oxygen. -But some are anaerobes.

question

Eubacteria and Archaebacteria:

answer

-The largest group of living things on Earth. -Probably the first thing living on earth. -Reproduce by binary fission. -A new generation is produced every 30 minutes which allows a rapid evolutionary response to environmental change.

question

Kingdom Protista:

answer

-Contains 80,000 named species. -Large, single eucaryotic cells. -Some form chains or colonies. -Absorb, ingest and/or photosynthesize food. -Euglena feed off other organisms. (Heterotrophs) -Ameba respond to touch and light.

question

Systematics:

answer

-The science of naming and grouping organisms -Closely related to taxonomy -Grouped by DNA

question

Cladogram-

answer

A diagram that shows evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms.

question

Cladogram:

answer

-Shows relative degrees of relatedness among lineages. -A clade is made up of a monophyletic group.

question

Node or a Fork:

answer

-The space where the ancestral lineage splits on a cladogram. Derived Characters-A trait that arose in the most recent common ancestor of a particular lineage. -Passed along to its descendants. -Share by members of a clade and only by members on that clade.

question

Dichotomous Keys:

answer

A series of paired statements (couplet) that describe physical characteristic of different organisms. Include pairs of descriptions that lead to the identification of an object.

question

Who is considered the "Father of Modern Taxonomy?"

answer

Carl Linnaeus

question

Define Taxonomy:

answer

Classifying organisms

question

What are the seven levels of classification,in order from largest to smallest?

answer

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus , species

question

What are some ways scientists group organisms?

answer

Using DNA to measure the distance between two species. They would also group them by characteristics and looks.

question

What is the best, most reliable way to classify organisms?

answer

DNA

question

What is the scientific name (genus and species) of humans?

answer

Homo sapiens

question

What are the rules associated with typing scientific names?

answer

The Genus must be capitalized and makes up the first part of the scientific name while the species,the second part of the name is lowercase.

question

Define species:

answer

Animals that can interbreed and the offspring are fertile.

question

What is a hybrid in animals (not in a vehicle)?

answer

A combination of two different things coming together.

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