question

T/F The principle of respect for autonomy places no restraints on what can be done to an autonomous person.

answer

False

question

T/F Cultural relativism implies that we cannot legitimately criticize other cultures.

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true

question

T/F All religious people accept the divine command theory

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False

question

In assessing an argument, the first order of business is to _____.

answer

1. find the conclusion

question

T/F If people's moral judgments differ from culture to culture, moral norms are relative to culture.

answer

false

question

T/F Cultural relativism logically entails tolerance for other cultures

answer

false

question

T/F Moral absolutism is the view that there are moral norms or principles that are valid or true for everyone.

answer

False

question

A moral principle that applies in all cases unless an exception is warranted is

answer

Prima Facie

question

The overriding of a person's actions or decision-making for his or her own good is known as

answer

paternalism

question

A key feature of moral norms is

answer

normative dominance

question

A deductive argument is intended to give

answer

Logically conclusive support to its conclusion

question

The use of moral norms and concepts to resolve practical moral issues is called

answer

applied ethics

question

T/F From the fact that cultures have divergent moral beliefs on an issue, it does not logically follow that there is no objective moral truth.

answer

true

question

The misrepresentation of a person's views so they can be more easily attacked or dismissed is known as

answer

Straw Man fallacy

question

T/F Logical argument and persuasion are essentially the same thing.

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False

question

Ethics is the study of morality using the tools and method of

answer

philosophy

question

The argument form of "If p, then q; p; therefore, q" is called _____.

answer

modus ponens

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T/F Nonmaleficence is the bedrock precept of codes of conduct for health care professionals.

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True

question

Moral premises can be called into question by showing that they

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Conflict with credible principles, theories, or judgments

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T/F That equals should be treated equally is a basic precept of the principle of autonomy.

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False

question

T/F According to virtue ethics, the central task in morality is knowing and applying principles.

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False

question

T/F In the ethics of care, the heart of the moral life is feeling for and caring for those with whom you have a special, intimate connection.

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True

question

A moral theory explains

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Why an action is right or wrong or why a person or a person's character is good or bad

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T/F Natural law tradition resolves dilemmas through the principle of utility.

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False

question

T/F Casuistry is a method of reasoning that emphasizes cases and analogy rather than universal principles and theories.

answer

True

question

The primary inspiration for contemporary versions of virtue ethics is

answer

Aristotle

question

Underlying natural law theory is the belief that

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All of nature, including humankind, is teleological

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Act-utilitarianism is the view that

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The rightness of actions depends solely on the relative good produced by individual actions

question

Natural law theory is the view that right actions are those that conform to moral standards discerned in nature through human reason.

answer

True

question

Kant says that through reason and reflection we can derive our duties from

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The categorical imperative

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T/F Classic utilitarianism depends heavily on a strong sense of impartiality

answer

True

question

T/F Rule-utilitarianism is the idea that the rightness of actions depends solely on the relative good produced by individual actions.

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False (Act-Utilitarianism)

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T/F Rawls's equal liberty principles says that each person is to have an equal right to the most extensive total system of equal basic liberties compatible with a similar system of liberty for all.

answer

True

question

Kant's categorical imperatives are absolutist

answer

True

question

Feminist ethics is an approach to morality aimed at

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Advancing women's interests and correcting injustices inflicted on women through social oppression and inequality

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Consequentialist moral theories insist that the rightness of actions depends solely on

answer

Their consequences or results

question

The data that a moral theory is supposed to explain are

answer

Our considered moral judgements

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Kant's principle of respect for persons says that we should always treat persons

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Never merely as a means to an end

question

Any moral theory that is inconsistent with the facts of the moral life is

answer

Problematic

question

T/F Moral theories are not relevant to our moral life.

answer

False

question

T/F For both physician and patients, the issue of futility is not a question of values.

answer

False

question

T/F Weak paternalism is not usually considered an objectionable violation of autonomy.

answer

True

question

A DNR is a directive telling the medical staff to

answer

forgo CPR on a patient

question

Early medical practice was strongly paternalistic.

answer

True

question

In general, Kantian ethics views paternalism as

answer

A violation of atonomy

question

The case of Helga Wanglie concerned what some have referred to as

answer

Medical Futility

question

Generally, Kantian ethics rejects

answer

Paternalism

question

The overriding of a person's actions or choices although he or she is substantially autonomous is called

answer

Strong Paternalism

question

The utilitarian philosopher John Stuart Mill endorsed state paternalism.

answer

False

question

A person is either fully autonomous or entirely lacking in autonomy.

answer

Falsse

question

Since the 1970s, several children have died after their parents refused medical treatment because of religious beliefs.

answer

True

question

Paternalism directed at persons who cannot act autonomously or whose autonomy is greatly diminished is known as

answer

Weak Paternalism

question

The traditional notion of a nurse is that of a care-giver subordinate to physicians and duty bound to carry out their directives for patient care and treatment. For many nurses this model seems fraught with conflicts between _____

answer

The nurse's obligation to follow doctor's orders and her duty of beneficence toward her patients

question

T/F Physician autonomy is the freedom of doctors to determine the conditions they work in and the care they give patients

answer

True

question

T/F The Hippocratic Oath asserted patients' rights to decide about their own medical care.

answer

False

question

T/F According to Roman Catholic doctrine, a hopelessly ill patient has the right to refuse extraordinary life-sustaining treatments.

answer

True

question

Physicians are obliged to regard every patient request as legitimate

answer

False

question

Some reject the traditional model of nursing, arguing instead that the nurse's ultimate responsibility is to be _____

answer

An advocate for patients

question

Court rulings have established that competent patients have a right to

answer

reject commended treatments

question

The case of Elizabeth Bouvia concerned

answer

refusal of treatments

question

The authority of persons to control who may possess and use information about themselves is considered

answer

right to privacy

question

The case of Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California concerned a conflict between

answer

A duty of confidentiality and a duty to warn

question

The notion of patients imparting information to health professionals who promise, implicitly or explicitly, not to disclose that information to others is known as

answer

confidentiality

question

The physician's duties of confidentiality and preventing harm are

answer

sometimes conflict in HIV cases

question

The case of Carlos R. was mostly about

answer

Medical confidentiality versus a duty to warn

question

In the Hippocratic Oath, the physician's respect for confidentiality is

answer

clearly expressed

question

T/F Complete confidentiality in modern health care is entirely feasible.

answer

False

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