BIO 160: Unit 4,-Ch. 11, 12, & 14 – Flashcards

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question
Which of the following is NOT a technique for managing wildlife?
answer
Introduction of exotic species
question
Waterfowl present special wildlife management problems because
answer
They are migratory
question
Salmon introduction in the Great Lakes has brought in millions of dollars from sportfishing, yet environmentally it has
answer
decreased native fish populations and disrupted spawning.
question
Biodiversity is a broad term that describes the diversity of ______ in a region.
answer
Species
question
Which of the following factors is NOT characteristic of a species likely to become extinct?
answer
Generalized niche
question
Urban sprawl is best defined as
answer
commercial development outside of cities on previously undeveloped land.
question
"Green buildings" have been built over the past few years using a standard called
answer
LEED
question
An example of a local growth management action would be
answer
to establish growth limits by restricting building permits.
question
Since 1940, the use of mass transit in North America has
answer
Declined
question
Which of the following encouraged suburban growth?
answer
Industrial growth and pollution; Increased population density in cities; Rising automobile usage
question
If fertilizers are applied just before a heavy rain,
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nutrients are carried into streams and lakes and encourage unwanted plant growth.
question
Sustainable agriculture utilizes methods that
answer
do not deplete soil, water, air, wildlife resources.
question
Integrated pest management requires
answer
a complete knowledge of the pest's life history.
question
Chemicals which are released by female insects to attract male insects are called
answer
Pheromones
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The Green Revolution refers to
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the introduction of new plant varieties and farming methods during the 1950's and 1960's.
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Complete extinction occurs when
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All individuals of a species are eliminated
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The Endangered Species Act of 1973
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gave the federal government jurisdiction over any species that were designated as endangered
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What does a red-cockaded woodpecker need that it cannot get from a well-managed forest plantation?
answer
Old, diseased, living trees for nests
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What does it mean when an area is designated as wilderness?
answer
Human activity is severely restricted
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Urbanization began to grow especially quickly after the
answer
Industrial Revolution
question
What percentage of US federal recreational lands is designated as wilderness?
answer
10%
question
Fertile soils have a balanced mixture that may contain
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Organic matter, minerals, and earth worms
question
Beneficial insects are used in agriculture because they
answer
Prey on pest insects
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Organophosphates and carbamates were developed to replace chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides because they are
answer
Less persistent in the environment
question
Pesticides that break down quickly in the environment are called
answer
Non-persistent pesticides
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Species diversity is the
answer
measure of the number of different species in an area.
question
According to the World Conservation Union, the majority of threatened species are at risk due to
answer
Loss of habitat and fragmentation
question
Patchwork clear cutting is a less environmentally-friendly method of timber harvesting than clear cutting.
answer
False
question
Most species that exist or have existed on Earth are now extinct.
answer
True
question
The value of biodiversity does not include direct economic value.
answer
False
question
Humans do not significantly modify natural ecosystems.
answer
False
question
Over the past hundred years, humans have decreased the species extinction rate.
answer
False
question
Changes in the genetic information of an organism is known as
answer
Mutation
question
Genetic diversity of a population can be affected by
answer
Migration, Sexual reproduction, and Population size
question
Selective breeding has no affect on genetic diversity
answer
False
question
Most large urban centers in the U.S. are located
answer
On water
question
Europe has better urban mass transit systems than the U.S.
answer
True
question
Reliance on the automobile in urban U.S. has caused significant pollution of
answer
Air
question
Waterways have always been important to shaping land use for humans.
answer
True
question
Loss of farmland can result from unplanned urban growth.
answer
True
question
Floodplains and wetlands have historically been managed properly by humans.
answer
False
question
Almost all population growth in the next _____ years will be concentrated in urban areas.
answer
30
question
Sprawl impacts our quality of life by
answer
Increasing commuting times and costs
question
Sprawl can impact the environment by causing fragmentation of open space and wildlife habitat.
answer
True
question
Land-use planning is the construction of an orderly list of priorities for the use of available land.
answer
True
question
In the U.S., environmental clean-up of Brownfield sites is overseen by the EPA.
answer
True
question
The Green Revolution, is a term coined for world-wide increases in agricultural production that occurred in
answer
1950-1970
question
Common ingredients in chemical fertilizers, often referred to as macronutrients normally include
answer
Nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium
question
Currently, the use of pesticides is greatest in the more-developed world.
answer
True
question
In order for food to be classified as Organic Food, the farmer
answer
cannot use genetically modified organisms, chemical fertilizers or synthetic pesticides.
question
Agricultural chemical use includes insecticides and herbicides.
answer
True
question
Monoculture requires large areas of land to be planted with the same crop because
answer
Harvesting, planting, and cultivation is more efficient
question
Following the rapid advance of modern agriculture in developed countries,
answer
developing countries have increased use of chemical pesticides.
question
Many companies are starting to recognize the value of environmental __________ to their long-term business success.
answer
Conservation
question
Over the past decade there has been a lack of interest in sustainable agriculture.
answer
False
question
Fertile soils have a balanced mix of minerals, organic matter, micronutrients and macronutrients.
answer
True
question
Beneficial organisms can be used to control pests.
answer
True
question
"Organically grown" is a legally defined term which requires that
answer
Organic farms must be certified, increase soil fertility, and prohibits the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers
question
A genetically modified organism has had one or more
answer
Genes altered
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Which of the following is NOT a problem associated with pesticides?
answer
Increased soil erosion
question
Early towns were usually built
answer
Near rivers, lakes, and oceans
question
Sport hunting seasons are regulated to the fall so that
answer
surplus animals are taken before the challenges of winter.
question
What invasive species is an external parasite of lake trout and decimated populations for more than 20 years?
answer
Lamprey
question
Over the past few hundred years, humans have increased the species extinction rate by as much as
answer
1000 times
question
A biodiversity hotspot is
answer
an area where there is a large amount of biodiversity that is endangered
question
Biodiversity is a broad term used to describe the
answer
Diversity of ecosystems, species, and genes
question
Which of the following is considered to be a biodiversity hotspot?
answer
Caribbean, Central Chile, and Tropical Andes
question
Vacant urban industrial and commercial sites are referred to as
answer
brown fields.
question
Which of the following choices best describes the graph above?
answer
The majority of human population growth in this century will occur in developed countries, and that almost all of that growth will occur in cities.
question
Increased crop yields in the U.S. are the result of
answer
The application of fertilizers; more efficient machinery; improved agricultural methods.
question
Bio magnification occurs most commonly in which organisms?
answer
Birds of prey, carnivores, and large fish
question
Dairy farms and traffic noise are examples of
answer
Aesthetic pollution
question
Which of the following is NOT an example of smart growth?
answer
Increasing the green space between individual houses
question
Pesticide resistance is
answer
Pesticide tolerant individuals who survive and reproduce, which makes the pesticide less effective for future pest generations
question
An individual can help to control the spread of invasive species by
answer
Becoming informed about the issue, growing native plants, and not releasing non-native plants, fish, or other animals into water
question
Species are more likely to become extinct if they
answer
Have both a low population density and reproduction rate
question
Which of the following is a characteristic of a perfect pesticide?
answer
Would be inexpensive, affect only target organisms, and a short half-life
question
The major problem on federal rangelands is
answer
Overgrazing
question
Biodiversity is a broad term that describes the diversity of ______ in a region.
answer
species
question
Species diversity is the
answer
measure of the number of different species in an area.
question
According to the World Conservation Union, the majority of threatened species are at risk due to
answer
loss of habitat and fragmentation.
question
Patchwork clear cutting is a less environmentally-friendly method of timber harvesting than clear cutting.
answer
False
question
Most species that exist or have existed on Earth are now extinct.
answer
True
question
The value of biodiversity does not include direct economic value.
answer
False
question
Humans do not significantly modify natural ecosystems.
answer
False
question
Over the past hundred years, humans have decreased the species extinction rate.
answer
False
question
The Endangered Species Act
answer
gave the government power to use whatever measures necessary to stop the extinction of species.
question
Changes in the genetic information of an organism is known as
answer
Mutation
question
Genetic diversity of a population can be affected by
answer
All of the above
question
Selective breeding has no affect on genetic diversity.
answer
False
question
Most large urban centers in the U.S. are located
answer
On the water
question
Urban sprawl is best defined as
answer
commercial development outside of cities on previously undeveloped land.
question
Europe has better urban mass transit systems than the U.S.
answer
True
question
Reliance on the automobile in urban U.S. has caused significant pollution of
answer
Air
question
Waterways have always been important to shaping land use for humans.
answer
True
question
Loss of farmland can result from unplanned urban growth.
answer
True
question
Floodplains and wetlands have historically been managed properly by humans.
answer
False
question
Almost all population growth in the next _____ years will be concentrated in urban areas.
answer
30
question
Sprawl impacts our quality of life by
answer
increasing commuting times and costs.
question
Sprawl can impact the environment by causing fragmentation of open space and wildlife habitat.
answer
True
question
Land-use planning is the construction of an orderly list of priorities for the use of available land.
answer
True
question
In the U.S., environmental clean-up of Brownfield sites is overseen by the EPA.
answer
True
question
The Green Revolution, is a term coined for world-wide increases in agricultural production that occurred in
answer
1950-1970
question
Common ingredients in chemical fertilizers, often referred to as macronutrients normally include
answer
nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
question
Organophosphates and carbamates were developed to replace chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides because they are
answer
less persistent in the environment.
question
Currently, the use of pesticides is greatest in the more-developed world.
answer
True
question
In order for food to be classified as Organic Food, the farmer
answer
cannot use genetically modified organisms, chemical fertilizers or synthetic pesticides.
question
Agricultural chemical use includes insecticides and herbicides.
answer
True
question
Monoculture requires large areas of land to be planted with the same crop because
answer
All of the above are correct
question
Following the rapid advance of modern agriculture in developed countries,
answer
developing countries have increased use of chemical pesticides.
question
Many companies are starting to recognize the value of environmental __________ to their long-term business success.
answer
Conservation
question
Over the past decade there has been a lack of interest in sustainable agriculture.
answer
False
question
Fertile soils have a balanced mix of minerals, organic matter, micronutrients and macronutrients.
answer
True
question
Beneficial organisms can be used to control pests.
answer
True
question
An individual can help to control the spread of invasive species by
answer
All of the above are correct
question
Over the past few hundred years, humans have increased the species extinction rate by as much as
answer
1000 times
question
The number one cause of extinction is
answer
Habitat fragmentation and loss
question
Sport hunting seasons are regulated to the fall so that
answer
surplus animals are taken before the change of winter
question
Species are more likely to become extinct if they
answer
have both a low population density and reproductive rate.
question
An example of a local growth management action would be
answer
to establish growth limits by restricting building permits.
question
Dairy farms and traffic noise are examples of
answer
aesthetic pollution
question
Urbanization began to grow especially quickly after the
answer
Industrial Revolution
question
Which of the following is NOT an example of smart growth?
answer
Increasing the green space between individual houses
question
Which of the following choices best describes the graph above?
answer
The majority of human population growth in this century will occur in developing countries, and that almost all of that growth will occur in cities.
question
Pesticide resistance is
answer
pesticide tolerant individuals who survive and reproduce, which makes the pesticide less effective for future pest generations.
question
Which of the following is a characteristic of a perfect pesticide?
answer
All of these are correct
question
Sustainable agriculture utilizes methods that
answer
do not deplete soil, water, air, wildlife resources.
question
Which of the following is NOT a problem associated with pesticides?
answer
increased soil erosion
question
Integrated pest management requires
answer
a complete knowledge of the pest's life history.
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