BIO: 14.3 Studying the Human Genome – Flashcards
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What techniques are used to study DNA?
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By using tools that cut, separate, and then replicate DNA base by base, scientists can now read the base sequences of DNA from any cell.
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What were the goals of the Human Genome Project, and what have we learned so far?
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The Human Genome Project was a 13-year, international effort with the main goals of sequencing all 3 million base pairs of human DNA and identifying all human genes. The Human Genome Project pinpointed genes and associated particular sequences in those genes with numerous diseases and disorders. It also identified about 3 million locations where single-based DNA differences occur in humans.
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restriction enzyme
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enzyme that cuts DNA at a sequence of nucleotides
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gel electrophoresis
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procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and applying an electrical voltage to the gel
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bioinformatics
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application of mathematics and computer science to store, retrieve, and analyze biological data
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genomics
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study of whole genomes, including genes and their functions
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genome
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all of an organism's genetic material
