ATI Chapter 3 – Effective Communication – Flashcards
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What describes: - Communication that occurs within an individual - "Self-talk" - Internal discussion that takes place when an individual is thinking thoughts and not outwardly verbalizing them - Allows nurse to assess pt and situation and critically think about the pt/situation before communicating?
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Intrapersonal communication
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What describes: - Communication that occurs between 2 or more people in a small group - Most common in nursing - Requires an exchange of info with an individual or small group?
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Interpersonal communication
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What describes: - Communication that occurs within large groups of people - In nursing, occurs during teaching a large group, like in a community setting?
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Public communication
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What describes: - Communication addresses to an individual's spiritual needs - Provides interventions to meet those needs?
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Transpersonal communication
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What describes: - Purposeful use of communication to build and maintain helping relationships with pt, families, and significant others - CLIENT-centred, not social or reciprocal - Must be purposeful, planned, and goal-directed?
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Therapeutic communication
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What are characteristics of Therapeutic communication?
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- CLIENT-centred, not social or reciprocal - Must be purposeful, planned, and goal-directed
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What describes: - Content of the Message - Words used to communicate?
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Vocabulary
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What describes: - Content of the Message - When communicating, participants must share meaning b/c words can have multiple meanings that can cause miscommunication?
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Denotative / Connotative meaning
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What describes: - Content of the Message - Shortest, simplest, communication is usually the most effective?
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Clarity / Brevity
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What describes: - Content of the Message - Knowing when to communicate - Allows receiver to be more attentive to the message?
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Timing / Relevance
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What describes: - Content of the Message - Rate of speech can communicate a meaning to the receiver?
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Pacing
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What describes: - Content of the Message - The tone of voice?
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Intonation
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What describes: - Component of Therapeutic communication - Plan for and allow adequate time to communicate?
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Time
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What describes: - Component of Therapeutic communication - Nonverbal means of conveying interest in another - Includes: -- Eye contact = Conveys interest, varies w/ culture -- Body language = Demonstrate level of comfort -- Vocal quality = Emphasize topics & issues -- Verbal tracking = Restating/summarizing?
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Active listening
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Fill in the blank: Active listening includes: - Observing the patient's __(1)__ behaviors - Listening and understanding the patient's verbal __(2)__ - Listening and understanding a person in the social context, and listening for "__(3)__" (inconsistencies or things that require more clarification) - Providing __(4)__ to the pt
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1) Nonverbal 2) Message 3) False notes 4) Feedback
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What describes: - Component of Therapeutic communication - Show concern and facilitate an emotional connection w/ the pt and their family?
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Caring attitude
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What describes: - Component of Therapeutic communication - Be open, direct, truthful, and sincere?
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Honesty
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What describes: - Component of Therapeutic communication - Demonstrate reliability w/o doubt or question?
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Trust
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What describes: - Component of Therapeutic communication - Convey an objective awareness and understanding of the feelings, emotions, and behaviors of others - Includes trying to envision what it must be like to be in the position of the pt and their family?
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Empathy
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What describes: - Component of Therapeutic communication - Display of acceptance that will encourage open, honest communication?
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Nonjudgmental attitude
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Should the following communication technique be used for Children or Older Adults: - Use simple, straightforward language?
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Children
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Should the following communication technique be used for Children or Older Adults: - Be aware of own nonverbal messages b/c they're more sensitive to nonverbal communication?
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Children
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Should the following communication technique be used for Children or Older Adults: - Enhance communication by being at their eye level?
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Children
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Should the following communication technique be used for Children or Older Adults: - Incorporate play in interactions?
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Children
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Should the following communication technique be used for Children or Older Adults: - Recognize the pt may require amplification?
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Older Adults
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Should the following communication technique be used for Children or Older Adults: - Minimize distractions + Face the pt when speaking?
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Older Adults
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Should the following communication technique be used for Children or Older Adults: - Allow plenty of time for the pt to respond?
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Older Adults
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Should the following communication technique be used for Children or Older Adults: - When impaired communication is assessed, ask for input from caregivers or family to determine the extent of the deficits and how best to communicate?
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Older Adults
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Fill in the blank: When planning for effective communication: - Minimize __(1)__ - Provide for __(2)__ - Identify mutually agreed-upon __(3)__ - Set __(4)__ according to the pt's needs - Plan for adequate time for __(5)__
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1) Distractions 2) Privacy 3) Pt outcomes 4) Priorities 5) Interventions
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True/False: The pt feels more at ease during the ASSESSMENT phase when a helping relationship has been established.
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False, it's during the Implementation phase
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What describes: - Influence on communication - NOT an absence of communication - Allows time for meaningful reflection?
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Silence
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Nurse is able to hear, observe, and understand what the pt communicates and provides feedback?
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Active listening
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Facilitates spontaneous responses and interactive discussions?
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Open-ended questions
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Type of Clarifying technique - Uses the pt's EXACT word to determine if message is received (usually in a question format)?
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Restating
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Type of Clarifying technique - Conveys the nurse's observation of the pt - Directs the focus back to the pt in order for the pt to examine his feeling - Ex = "You sound as if you had many disappointments"?
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Reflecting
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Type of Clarifying technique - Restates the pt's feelings and thoughts for the pt to confirm what has been communicated - Ex = "In other word, you seem to be saying" Or "Was I correct in saying"?
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Paraphrasing
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Type of Clarifying technique - Allows the nurse to gather more info regarding the important topics mentioned by the pt - Enables to examine important ideas, experiences, or relationships - Ex = "Tell me more about...", "Describe your...", or "Give an example of..."?
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Exploring
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Allows the pt to take the direction of the discussion - Indicates that the nurse is interested - Ex = "Go on", "And then", "Tell me about it"?
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General leads
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Clarifies that the lead is to taken by the pt - However, this discourage pleasantries and small talk; goes straight to the point - Ex = "Where would you like to begin", "What are you thinking about", "What would you like to discuss"?
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Broad openings
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Indicates that the pt has been understood - Doesn't mean agreement, but Nonjudgmental - "Yes", "Uh-huh", "I'm following"?
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Acceptance
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Awareness of change and personal efforts - Does not imply good/bad or right/wrong - "Good morning", "You combed your hair today", "I noticed that you..."?
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Recognition
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Helps the pt to concentrate on what's important - Ex = "This point you are making seems...", "You mentioned many things. Let's go back to your thinking of..."?
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Focusing
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What describes: - Influence on communication - A way to seek additional info?
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Asking questions
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Provides details that the pt may need for decision making - Ex = "My purpose for being here is...", "This med is for...", "The test will determine..."?
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Giving info
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Help the pt focus on what is actually happening - Dispel delusions, hallucinations, or faulty beliefs - Nurse DOES NOT argue with the pt or try to convince the pt; just describe personal perceptions or facts in the situation - Ex = "That was Dr. Brown, not a terrorist stalking you", "That was the sound of a car backfiring", "Your mother is not here, I'm a nurse"?
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Presenting reality
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Emphasizes important points - Review what has been discussed?
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Summarizing
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Demonstrates a willingness to spend time with the pt - Limit personal info - Focus on the pt - Ex = "I would like to spend time with you" or "I'll stay here and sit with you"?
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Offering self
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What describes: - Influence on communication - If appropriate, this communicates caring and may provide comfort?
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Touch
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Helps pt make clear of their own thoughts and maximize mutual understanding - Ex = "I'm not sure I follow you", "What would you say is the main point of what you just said", "Give an example of what you just said"?
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Seeking clarification
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What describes: - Influence on communication - Undermines the pt's beliefs by not reinforcing the exaggerated or false perception - Ex = "Isn't that unusual", "Really", "That's hard to believe"?
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Voicing doubt
