Astronomy – Horizons Ch. 7-8 – Flashcards
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Helioseismology shows that deeper layers of gas in the sun rotate at different speeds. When different parts of an object rotate at different rates it is called
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differential rotation
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Sunspots are known to be magnetic phenomena because
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the Zeeman effect is observed in sunspots.
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Evidence that convection occurs in the layers just below the suns photosphere
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The centers of granules are hot and moving upward away from the center of the sun.
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Which is the best explanation of the missing solar neutrinos
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Neutrinos may oscillate between three different flavors
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The ____ occurs when a rapidly rotating conductor is stirred by convection to produce a magnetic field
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dynamo effect
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The centers of granules
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are hot material rising to the photosphere from below
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The sun creates its energy by the process of
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nuclear fusion
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Granulation is caused by
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rising and sink gases below the photosphere
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What are the three layers of the Suns atmosphere, in order of increasing distance from the surface
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Photosphere, chromosphere, corona
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Differential rotation of the sun is
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the equatorial regions of the sun rotating more rapidly than the polar regions
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Much of the solar wind comes from ____ where the magnetic field does not loop back into the sun
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coronal holes
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The proton-proton chain needs high temperature because
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the protons must overcome the Coulomb barrier
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The solar neutrino experiments detect about twice as many neutrinos as theory predicts should be detected
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False
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Helioseismology is the study of the differential rotation and magnetic field of the sun
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False
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The rotation of the Sun's photosphere is
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fastest at the equator, slower at mid-latitudes, and slowest near the poles
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The intensity of a sunspot is found to be 3 times smaller than the intensity emitted by the solar surface. What is the approximate temperature of this sunspot if the temperature of the solar surface is 5800 K
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4400 K
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The suns magnetic field is evident in the looped shapes of
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prominences
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Spicules
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are visible in filtergrams of the solar chromosphere
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Solar flares have no known effect on Earth
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False
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The chromosphere of the sun
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is hotter than the photosphere
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In the sun, rising currents of hot gas below the photosphere cause granulation.
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true
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Sunspots
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are cooler than their surroundings
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Most of the visible light we see coming from the sun originates from the
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photosphere
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A recent sunspot maximum occurred in 2001. What is the year of the sunspot maximum that immediately follows the 2001 maximum if the solar cycle continues
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2012
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The Sun appears to rotate only because the Earth is revolving about the Sun
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false
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A filtergram is used to study layers below the photosphere
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false
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In the proton-proton chain
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energy is produced in the form of gamma rays and the velocity of the created nuclei.
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The ____ is (are) the hot gases that are the moving extension of the suns corona
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solar wind
