APUSH The Age of Jackson – Flashcards

Election of 1824; John Quincy Adams, Andrew Jackson, William H. Crawford, Henry Clay; no outright majority was attained and the process required resolution in the House of Representative; Henry Clay gave his support to John Quincy Adams and was then selected to be his Secretary of State

1828; protective tariff passed by the Congress of the United States on May 19, 1828; designed to protect industry in the northern United States; South harmed directly by having to pay higher prices on goods the region did not produce, and indirectly because reducing the exportation of British goods to the US made it difficult for the British to pay for the cotton they imported from the South; led to Nullification Crisis

Jacksonian Democracy; Jackson's faith in the "common man"; intense distrust of Eastern "establishment", monopolies, special privilege; heart and soul with "plain folk"; belief that common man was capable of uncommon achievements; greater democracy for the common man

Andrew Jackson; seventh President of the United States (1829-1837); "Old Hickory" because of his toughness and aggressive personality; expanded the spoils system during his presidency to strengthen his political base; Indian Removal; became kind of like a dictator

patronage; gives government jobs to its voters as a reward for working toward victory; incentive to keep supporting the party; Andrew Jackson

Peggy Eaton was the daughter of a tavern owner and wife of a cabinet member; other wives didn't want her to stay there; wanted Peggy's husband to resign; all of cabinet resigns

1830; wanted Indians to either adapt of leave; supported in the South because Southerners wanted land; supposed to be voluntary; ended up forcing Indians to leave; lots of death

1831; "domestic dependent nation"; independent Cherokee nation established; The Supreme Court does not have original jurisdiction to hear a suit brought by the Cherokee Nation, which is not a "foreign State"

1832; Worcester's conviction is void, because states have no criminal jurisdiction in Indian Country; held that the Georgia criminal statute that prohibited non-Indians from being present on Indian lands without a license from the state was unconstitutional; relationship between tribes and the state and federal governments, building the foundations of the doctrine of tribal sovereignty in the United States; John Marshall ruled but Jackson ignored holding

1838-1839; Cherokees and other Native Americans forced to relocate and move West; vast majority die along the way

to nullify is to render or declare legally void or inoperative; taxes; South Carolina nullifies federal Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 (said the tariffs were unconstitutional); Jackson ended up reducing the tariff

Senator Daniel Webster of Massachusetts and Senator Robert Y. Hayne of South Carolina; January 19-27, 1830 on the topic of protectionist tariffs; debate over temporary suspension of further land surveying until land already on the market was sold; Webster's description of the U.S. government as "made for the people, made by the people, and answerable to the people"

written by Edward Livingston and issued by Andrew Jackson on December 10, 1832; responds to the Ordinance of Nullification passed by the South Carolina; subdue the Nullification Crisis created by South Carolina's ordinance and to denounce the doctrine of nullification; rejects the insistence on state sovereignty, focusing on the preservation of the Union as the primary issue

1816; in War of 1812 U.S. experienced severe inflation and had difficulty in financing military operations; credit and borrowing status of the United States were at their lowest levels since its founding; President Andrew Jackson had come to thoroughly dislike the Second Bank of the United States because of its fraud and corruption (wanted to kill it)

president of the 2nd bank of the U.S.

system where two major political parties dominate voting in nearly all elections at every level of government and, as a result, all or nearly all elected offices are members of one of the two major parties

state banks selected by the U.S. Department of Treasury to receive surplus government funds in 1833; "Wildcat Banks"; made when Jackson vetoed the recharter of the 2nd Bank of the U.S.

fifth Chief Justice of the United States, holding that office from 1836 until his death in 1864; 1st Roman Catholic to hold that position and be on Supreme Court; delivering the majority opinion in Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857); Jacksonian democrat

executive order issued by U.S. President Andrew Jackson in 1836 and carried out by President Martin Van Buren. It required payment for government land to be in gold and silver

William Henry Harrison; Whig candidate for president; "Tippecanoe and Tyler too"; 1st presidential candidate to campaign actively; "Give him a barrel of hard cider, and ... a pension of two thousand [dollars] a year ... and ... he will sit the remainder of his days in his log cabin."

euphemism for slavery and the economic ramifications of it in the American South

American slave who led a slave rebellion in Virginia on August 21, 1831 that resulted in 60 white deaths and at least 100 black deaths; convicted, sentenced to death, and hanged

financial crisis or market correction in the United States built on a speculative fever; every bank began to accept payment only in specie (gold and silver coinage), forcing a dramatic, deflationary backlash (b/c of Jackson); led to huge depression