APUSH Chapter 4: Growth, Diversity, and Conflict – Flashcards
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German migrants to the Middle colonies did not participate extensively in colonial politics
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A statement that characterizes German migrants to the Middle colonies in the 18th century?
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They aided the transport of information
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Why were roads so important for the development of the colonies?
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Scots-Irish in PA that massacred Indians
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Paxton Boys
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Lack of manpower and preindustrial technology limited the surplus for tenant farmers
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Why was the road landownership in the colony of New York so difficult?
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When a widow remarried, her portion of property was divided among the children
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What evidence indicates that a woman's property rights in colonial New England were subordinate to those of the family?
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They wanted to secure support for their own old age
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Why did parents in colonial New England insist on choosing the marriage partners for their children?
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The ability to keep one's household solvent and independent
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A statement that describes the condition of "competency" among 18th century American colonist
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Slaves were welcomed at Baptist revivals, and many native- born African Americans joined the Baptist church
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Which of the following contributed to the significant growth of the Baptist church between 1700 and 1780?
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Parents had less to give their children in marriage portions
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Why did population increases in New England affect parental control over marriage?
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A king's right to govern was god-given
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Enlightenment thinker John Locke challenged what traditional assumption in the late 17th an early 18th centuries?
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John Wesley
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George Whitefield was a follower of which founder of English Methodism, who carried his fervent preaching to huge crowds of Americans?
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The founder of English Methodism
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Who was John Wesley?
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The possibility of owning land
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Which factor was the chief motivator for Europeans to migrate to the Americas by the 1730s?
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European migrants wanted to own land, not work as peasants
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Why did New York landlords struggle to attract tenants to their manors in the middle if the 18th century?
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A marriage portion
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What was the name for the gift of land and livestock that colonial farmers usually have their sons or daughters when they reached marrying age?
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It was a way of thinking about God
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Which statement describes the 18th century movement called Deism?
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More than half lived on smaller farms than their fathers had
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How did the economic status of farmers in Concord, Massachusetts, in 1750 compare to that of their fathers?
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Their piety
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For what behavior or attitude did congressional ministers of 18th century colonial New England praise women?
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Growing demand for wheat
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Why did the Middle colonies grow prosperous in the early 1700s?
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No government authority existed to force people to go to church
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Why did the German minister and immigrant Gottlieb Mittelberger fear that Pennsylvania might descend into anarchy?
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The Baptist message declared all people to be equal under God's eyes
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Why did the baptist sect attract African Americans?
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The movement of religious authority from educated ministers to the believer's direct experience of God
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What was the central legacy of the Great Awakening?
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Many migrated to Philadelphia as they were lured by religious freedom
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Why were American colonies a popular destination for Scots-Irish immigrants in the early 18th century?
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It cause Hinton embrace science as a response to social ills
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How did the enlightenment change the Puritan minister Cotton Mathur
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News of Pennsylvania being "the best poor man's country" has spread through Europe
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Why were a growing number of immigrants forced to become squatters in Pennsylvania after the 1720s?
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The British government let the long-standing Licensing Act lapse
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Why did the number if printshops explode after 1695 in the English colonies?
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To train Anglican ministers
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For what purpose did American colonist found King's College, the predecessor to Columbia University, in 1754?
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Human reason had the power to observe, understand, and improve the world
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What was the central premise of the Enlightenment?
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Christianity spread among slaves
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What was a result if the Baptist insurgency in the Chesapeake during the Great Awakening?
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They called each other "brother" and "sister"
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How did the Baptist gentry authority and repudiate social distinctions in the 1760s?
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The gentry could no longer display their social status to other freeholders at church
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Why diverge proliferation of New Light churches threaten the social authority of the Virginia gentry in the middle of the 18th century?
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Gilbert Tennent
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Who argued, in The Dangers of an Unconverted Ministry, that conversion and knowing God's grave rather than education in theology and knowledge of the Bible were needed to qualify as a minister?
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America's most well known Enlightenment thinker. Made significant contributions to science and literature.
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Benjamin Franklin
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a family's ability to stay solvent and independent for the next generation
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Competency
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An increase in consumption in English manufactures in Britain and British colonies fueled by the Industrial Revolution. It raised living standards but landed many consumers in debt
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Consumer Revolution
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way of thinking; belief that God created the universe and set it in motion, then left it to run according to natural laws. Did not interfere with human life
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Deism
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an eighteenth-century philosophical movement that emphasized the use of reason to reevaluate previously accepted doctrines and traditions
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Enlightenment
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A follower of John Wesley, the founder of English methodism. He was a Dramatist who transfixed his audiences; believed that faith was sleeping and that they just needed to be revived and shaken awake. Turned many local revivals into a great awakening.
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George Whitefield
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the system of exchanging goods and labor that helped eighteenth-century New England freeholders survive on ever-shrinking farms as available land become more scarce
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Household Mode of Production
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Although Isaac Newton was very religious, in the long run his work disproved how Christians had always viewed space. He did this through the use of math and science.
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Isaac Newton
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English philosopher, one of the most influential during the enlightenment, believed that we were born with a blank slate. Thomas Jefferson implicated his ideas onto the colonist
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John Locke
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Preached about the fire and brimstone god, sermons mostly involved the message "you're hated by God and going to hell"
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Jonathan Edwards
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John Locke said everyone had a right to these: life, liberty, and property
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Natural Rights
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Evangelical preachers who were influenced by John Wesley, the founder of English Methodism, and George Whitefield. They a Christian faith that was only intellectual and emphasized the importance of a spritual rebirth
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New Lights
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Conservative ministers that were opposed to the passion displayed by evangelical preachers; they preferred to emphasize the importance of developing a virtuous Christian life
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Old Lights
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the religious movement that emphasized a direct relationship with God. Appealed rather to hearts than minds.. kind of opposite of what was going on with the Enlightenment at the time which emphasized reason as one of core values
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Pietism
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led Rebellion in Detroit, inspired by the words of Neolin, another Native leader. his rebellion sparked the uprisings across the Great lakes and Ohio Country.
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Pontiac
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indentured servitude with the ability to negotiate
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Redemptioner
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"landowning vigilantes" who lived on the frontier and wanted more representation and a fairer court system in the west, and lower taxes. It depended on whether you're looking at the Regulators in NC or in SC
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Regulators
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Waking up the puritans, and make them true to the way of "good Christians" again.
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Revival
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settled illegally on land they hoped to eventually own, this was a result of the massive demand for land created by the boom in immigration
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Squatters
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one of two "half kings" sent by Iroquois to native settlement of Logstown. Recognized by British as leaders. Sparked war by killing a French officer after Washington was captured and his party fired on a French detachment
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Tanaghrisson
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the rental of property-- those that rented also farmed it
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Tenancy
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during the Seven Years War, he knew that losing to the French was not an option and opted that Britain should go into debt before losing to the French
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William Pitt
